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of caudal fin; dorsal and anal fins extending only
to middle of caudal peduncle; caudal fin margin
slightly concave. At about 100 mm SL scales
present anteriorly on soft dorsal fin, anal fin with
basal scale cover, and caudal fin truncate.
Colouration in preservative. Juvenile, 25.6 mm
SL from Guri (Fig. 81) whitish, back greyish close
to dorsal fin base. Brown blotch immediately
behind orbit and dorsally on opercle. Brown stripe
along middle of side, incorporating dark brown,
round blotch 1 little behind cleithrum and intensified
in dark brown band from above about origin
of anal fin, narrower caudally to end at caudal
fin base; blotch 2 appears as slight intensification
of lateral band. Middle of caudal fin base with
round, slightly caudad extended dark brown spot;
fins otherwise hyaline except duskied along middle
of caudal fin. Bars absent also in slightly
larger specimens (Fig. 82), blotches 1, 2, and 3
showing as slight intensifications of lateral band.
Caudal spot extended by dark pigment along
middle rays of caudal fin.
At about 70 mm SL (Fig. 83) whitish, top of
head and dorsum above lateral line grey. Snout
and lips grey. Indistinct darker grey preorbital
stripe. Dark brown stripe from orbit to opercular
tip; continued on body side by wide band to
caudal fin, dark brown anteriorly, deep black and
slightly wider from interception with third vertical
bar. Three narrow, straight vertical bars (bars
1-3) from dorsal fin base down to white ventral
area, two below spinous, one below soft dorsal
fin. Bar 1 slightly intensified (black) where crossing
lateral band, bar 2 not or only slightly inten-
sified where crossing lateral band. Dorsal fin
hyaline; faint grey stripe across soft-rayed portion.
Pectoral, pelvic and anal fins hyaline. Caudal fin
with black stripe continuing lateral band to middle
or † of caudal fin, margined dorsally and
ventrally at least basally by yellowish stripes; rest
of fin greyish.
Specimens about 120 mm SL (Fig. 84) with
dorsum and upper parts of head greyish. Preorbital
stripe indistinct. Vertical bars faint. Abdominal
side above white ventral area greyish.
Blackish lateral band gradually more intense and
wider caudad, but of uniform width and intensity
from above anal fin. White stripe or series of
partly contiguous white spots bordering band
above and below except where crossed by vertical
bars. One row of a few white spots above
anterior portion of lateral line. Dorsal fin greyish
with two rows of white spots across both spinous
and soft portion, spots in soft portion partly
contiguous. Anal fin hyaline. Caudal fin greyish
brown except black stripe along middle and white
borders to black stripe. Caudal blotch barely
distinguishable within band. A few light spots in
dorsal lobe of caudal fin. Pelvic fin dusky basally
on lateral side. USNM 269931, 113 mm SL,
from the Orinoco drainage (Fig. 85), overall very
light, with vertical bars better expressed than
lateral band.
Specimens about 150-170 mm SL (Fig. 86)
with three, increasing to four rows of white spots
on side, one on back above lateral line, two from
eye to caudal fin base along middle of side,
and one along abdominal side slightly below
pectoral fin base level developing later. Spots in
Table 25. Morphometry of Cichla temensis. Measurements are in percent of SL, except SL (in mm). Linear regression
parameters calculated from original measurements in mm.
N min max mean SD a b r
SL (mm) 31 45.5 375.0 193.1
Head length 31 29.9 33.9 31.7 1.07 0.527 0.313 0.998
Snout length 31 10.0 12.0 11.0 0.55 –1.693 0.121 0.997
Head depth 31 18.2 21.8 19.9 1.00 –2.390 0.214 0.995
Body depth 30 21.3 27.3 24.5 1.54 –3.630 0.269 0.996
Orbit diameter 31 6.0 10.5 7.8 1.08 2.904 0.059 0.992
Interorbital width 31 6.2 8.0 7.0 0.39 –1.054 0.076 0.996
Pectoral fin length 31 18.7 25.3 21.7 1.66 –4.502 0.245 0.991
Upper jaw length 31 12.7 15.1 13.9 0.68 –2.108 0.151 0.996
Lower jaw length 31 16.7 19.2 17.9 0.69 –1.416 0.187 0.997
Caudal peduncle depth 30 8.6 11.3 9.9 0.58 –0.171 0.100 0.994
Caudal peduncle length 31 16.9 21.3 19.3 1.22 2.023 0.180 0.991
Dorsal spine length 30 10.4 13.3 12.1 0.68 1.585 0.112 0.991
Kullander & Ferreira: Review of Cichla