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378 Fig. 85. Cichla temensis, USNM 269931, 113.0 mm SL; Venezuela: Amazonas: Laguna Provincial ca 20 km N of Puerto Ayacucho. Fig. 86. Cichla temensis, INPA 3568, 157 mm SL; Brazil: Amazonas: Rio Uatumã at Cachoeira Morena, freshly preserved. Fig. 87. Cichla temensis, NRM 21551, young female, 202 mm SL; Venezuela: Bolívar: Guri Reservoir. <strong>Kullander</strong> & Ferreira: Review of Cichla
Fig. 88. Cichla temensis, NRM 11308, young male, 228 mm SL; Brazil: Amazonas: Taracuá. Fig. 89. Cichla temensis, MZUSP 6113, 375 mm SL; Brazil: Amazonas: Rio Puraquequara. estimated to be about 0.8-1 m long, and with a prominent nuchal protuberance. Cichla temensis is the most elongate species in the genus (Fig. 4), manifest above all at larger sizes, where it overlaps with C. vazzoleri but is more slender than C. pinima and C. thyrorus. The colour pattern and the ontogenetic development of principal dark markings, distinguish it from all other species of Cichla. The smallest specimens at 25 mm feature spot 1, and a caudal peduncle band, but spot 2 is only indicated (Fig. 81); by 45 mm there is a complete dark band along the middle of the side, though intensifications in position of spots 1 and 2 suggest that this band conceals spots developed in other small Cichla (Fig. 82); and at about 60 mm vertical bars 1-3 are distinct. At sizes over 200 mm, the midlateral band has faded, but four straight horizontal rows of white spots run along the side, and the vertical bars remain distinct. The white spots are large, Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwaters, Vol. 17, No. 4 379 often horizontally elongated and closely approximated or even to some extent contiguous in the two middle rows. At very large sizes, over 350 mm, light spots become obsolete, and the dark vertical bars, which originate close to the dorsal fin base and extend the depth of the side, may be enhanced by lighter margins. Cichla temensis can be distinguished from other species of Cichla by the high E1 scale count (98-128, usually more than 100 scales, Table 2). Three small specimens from Guri (NRM 22919, 22922, 58.1-62.9 mm SL), have low scale counts, 98-105, whereas a small specimen (MZUSP 32991, 45.5 mm SL) from the Rio Negro has 113. Since another small Guri specimen (NRM 22919, 71.0 mm SL) has 115 scales, and no small C. temensis were identified from elsewhere, it remains to investigate if the counts at small sizes correlate with size or geographic location. The only other Cichla species with small scales are C. piquiti, C. jariina,
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Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil ISSN 093
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Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwaters, Vol.
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that of Ringuelet et al. (1967) cle
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except in C. intermedia. Occipital
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Prominent rostral fold on maxilla (
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Principal Component 2 2 1 0 -1 -2 -
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Frequency 50 40 30 20 10 0 60 70 80
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soft dorsal fin; bars 1 and 2 divid
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Fig. 7. Cichla ocellaris, NRM 28389
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10° 0° -10° -20° -30° -80° Ci
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uito, Rio Aguaro on the way towards
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Fig. 13. Cichla orinocensis, MCNG 2
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confluent elongate yellow or white
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Fig. 19. Cichla orinocensis, MNHN A
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Cichla nigromaculata Jardine, 1843
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10° 0° -10° -20° -30° -80° Ci
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of the principal vertical bars in C
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Fig. 26. Cichla monoculus, freshly
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on back, nape and dorsally on cauda
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Diagnosis. Distinguished from all o
Page 41 and 42: Several light spots on proximal hal
Page 43 and 44: Fig. 30. Cichla kelberi, NRM 42401,
Page 45 and 46: ar in large specimens, absence of b
Page 47 and 48: Fig. 35. Cichla pleiozona, paratype
Page 49 and 50: of Cichla, and the stock must have
Page 51 and 52: eaching halfway to middle of anal f
Page 53 and 54: Fig. 42. Cichla mirianae, holotype,
Page 55 and 56: dark roundish blotch formed at inte
Page 57 and 58: Fig. 47. Cichla melaniae, not prese
Page 59 and 60: in Marabá, river bank; 18 Sep 1990
Page 61 and 62: Fig. 52. Cichla piquiti, paratype,
Page 63 and 64: SL from same sample. It is not obvi
Page 65 and 66: Fig. 55. Cichla thyrorus, paratype,
Page 67 and 68: Fig. 57. Cichla thyrorus, paratype,
Page 69 and 70: Cichla jariina, new species (Figs.
Page 71 and 72: Fig. 62. Cichla jariina, paratype,
Page 73 and 74: idge. - BMNH 1902.11.7:15, 1, 197 m
Page 75 and 76: Fig. 67. Cichla pinima, paratype, N
Page 77 and 78: dark spot included in band at root
Page 79 and 80: Fig. 73. Cichla pinima, fresh caugh
Page 81 and 82: 10° 0° -10° -20° -30° -80° -7
Page 83 and 84: zoler. - MZUSP 5501, 1; Rio Trombe
Page 85 and 86: Fig. 78. Cichla vazzoleri, holotype
Page 87 and 88: ocellated blotch. Bar 2 represented
Page 89 and 90: Fig. 81. Cichla temensis, NRM 22921
Page 91: two middle rows may be contiguous t
Page 95 and 96: ion; belly lighter than the other p
Page 97 and 98: Fig. 90. Cichla intermedia, MBUCV-V
Page 99 and 100: ibid., fig. 7). Winemiller (2001: 9
Page 101 and 102: as tubed scales, may thus be influe
Page 103 and 104: (Kullander & Nijssen, fig. 10). Cic
Page 105 and 106: specimens, the lower rays of the ca
Page 107 and 108: Autapomorphies of Cichla. Stiassny
Page 109 and 110: munity function would be selected a
Page 111 and 112: Kullander, S. O. & E. J. G. Ferreir
Page 113 and 114: 399
Page 115 and 116: Ichthyological Exploration of Fresh
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