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364 Fig. 70. Cichla pinima, holotype, INPA 691, adult male, 300 mm SL; Brazil: Pará: Rio Curuá-Una, Km 30. Fig. 71. Cichla pinima, paratype, MZUSP 33097, adult male, 430 mm SL; Brazil: Pará: Belo Monte. Fig. 72. Cichla cf. pinima, NRM 18477, 110.0 mm SL; Brazil: Pará: cachoeira where Rio Aruá joins with Rio Arapiuns, Vila de Cachoeira de Aruá. extending ventrally as black bar to white ventral region; round ocellus almost always present above lateral line but may be incorporated in bar 2 or contiguous with it. Bar 3 represented by deep black, irregular roundish ocellated blotch close to soft dorsal fin base, usually contiguous or continuous with black bar extending ventrally to white ventral region. Black postorbital spots ocel- <strong>Kullander</strong> & Ferreira: Review of Cichla
Fig. 73. Cichla pinima, fresh caught adult specimen, not preserved. Brazil: Para: Rio Guamá, downstream of Ourém. Photograph by F. Warzel. Fig. 74. Cichla cf. pinima, MZUSP 22094, 161 mm SL; Brazil: Amapá: Cachoeira Grande. lated with narrow white ring appear in three positions, one on postorbital portion of cheek, one dorsally on opercle, and one on posterodorsal tip of subopercle; occasionally one marking in each position, but normally several small spots in each position. In holotype an ocellated blotch present at ventral tip of opercle, but no dark blotch observed at anterodorsal process of preopercle. Dorsal and caudal fins nearly uniformly dark, immaculate or with light spots similar to nonbreeding specimens. Caudal ocellus black with complete white ring; size same as eye. Anal fin whitish basally, turning greyish distally. Pelvic fin all white or grey on lateral face. Specimens 111-135 mm SL from the blackwa- Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwaters, Vol. 17, No. 4 365 ter Rio Arapiuns (Fig. 73) much darker than all Tapajós specimens, featuring contrasting yellowish white spots on body similar to much larger specimens (non breeding adults, see above), including rows accompanying lateral band, two or three rows on dorsum, and one row of a few spots only on abdominal side. In similar sized Tapajós and Xingu specimens yellow spots found only along lateral band and commonly only along dorsal border of band. Specimens 66-134 mm SL from the Rio Paraguaçu similar to Arapiuns specimens in colour pattern. Live colouration. Live or freshly killed specimens in breeding pattern (Fig. 74) yellow, especially
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Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil ISSN 093
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Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwaters, Vol.
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that of Ringuelet et al. (1967) cle
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except in C. intermedia. Occipital
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Prominent rostral fold on maxilla (
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Principal Component 2 2 1 0 -1 -2 -
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Frequency 50 40 30 20 10 0 60 70 80
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soft dorsal fin; bars 1 and 2 divid
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Fig. 7. Cichla ocellaris, NRM 28389
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10° 0° -10° -20° -30° -80° Ci
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uito, Rio Aguaro on the way towards
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Fig. 13. Cichla orinocensis, MCNG 2
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confluent elongate yellow or white
Page 27 and 28: Fig. 19. Cichla orinocensis, MNHN A
Page 29 and 30: Cichla nigromaculata Jardine, 1843
Page 31 and 32: 10° 0° -10° -20° -30° -80° Ci
Page 33 and 34: of the principal vertical bars in C
Page 35 and 36: Fig. 26. Cichla monoculus, freshly
Page 37 and 38: on back, nape and dorsally on cauda
Page 39 and 40: Diagnosis. Distinguished from all o
Page 41 and 42: Several light spots on proximal hal
Page 43 and 44: Fig. 30. Cichla kelberi, NRM 42401,
Page 45 and 46: ar in large specimens, absence of b
Page 47 and 48: Fig. 35. Cichla pleiozona, paratype
Page 49 and 50: of Cichla, and the stock must have
Page 51 and 52: eaching halfway to middle of anal f
Page 53 and 54: Fig. 42. Cichla mirianae, holotype,
Page 55 and 56: dark roundish blotch formed at inte
Page 57 and 58: Fig. 47. Cichla melaniae, not prese
Page 59 and 60: in Marabá, river bank; 18 Sep 1990
Page 61 and 62: Fig. 52. Cichla piquiti, paratype,
Page 63 and 64: SL from same sample. It is not obvi
Page 65 and 66: Fig. 55. Cichla thyrorus, paratype,
Page 67 and 68: Fig. 57. Cichla thyrorus, paratype,
Page 69 and 70: Cichla jariina, new species (Figs.
Page 71 and 72: Fig. 62. Cichla jariina, paratype,
Page 73 and 74: idge. - BMNH 1902.11.7:15, 1, 197 m
Page 75 and 76: Fig. 67. Cichla pinima, paratype, N
Page 77: dark spot included in band at root
Page 81 and 82: 10° 0° -10° -20° -30° -80° -7
Page 83 and 84: zoler. - MZUSP 5501, 1; Rio Trombe
Page 85 and 86: Fig. 78. Cichla vazzoleri, holotype
Page 87 and 88: ocellated blotch. Bar 2 represented
Page 89 and 90: Fig. 81. Cichla temensis, NRM 22921
Page 91 and 92: two middle rows may be contiguous t
Page 93 and 94: Fig. 88. Cichla temensis, NRM 11308
Page 95 and 96: ion; belly lighter than the other p
Page 97 and 98: Fig. 90. Cichla intermedia, MBUCV-V
Page 99 and 100: ibid., fig. 7). Winemiller (2001: 9
Page 101 and 102: as tubed scales, may thus be influe
Page 103 and 104: (Kullander & Nijssen, fig. 10). Cic
Page 105 and 106: specimens, the lower rays of the ca
Page 107 and 108: Autapomorphies of Cichla. Stiassny
Page 109 and 110: munity function would be selected a
Page 111 and 112: Kullander, S. O. & E. J. G. Ferreir
Page 113 and 114: 399
Page 115 and 116: Ichthyological Exploration of Fresh
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