68° Congresso Nazionale SCIVAC: Le domande più frequenti in ...

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68° CONGRESSO NAZIONALE SCIVAC 11-13 Marzo 2011 - Milano LE DOMANDE PIÙ FREQUENTI IN RIPRODUZIONE CANINA E FELINA Tutto quello che i vostri clienti osano spesso chiedere e a cui voi non sapete rispondere 14 th EVSSAR Congress - Advances in Feline Reproduction - March 11 th 2011 same whelping rate as by intrauterine deposition 12,18 . Because the uterine lumen in the bitch is small, the final volume of extended semen should not exceed 1-3 ml in intrauterine AI:s and 3-5 ml in vaginal AI:s, depending on the size of the bitch. This is clearly an area where more research needs to be done, aiming at determining the minimum number of normal spermatozoa for optimal results, in different breeds and sizes of dogs. RESULTS BY AI IN THE DOG Pregnancy rate in the dog after well controlled natural matings has been shown to be as high as between 85% and 90%. Results from AI generally are still not as good, although when semen of good quality is inseminated into the uterus at the right time in healthy bitches up to 80-87.5% whelping rate has been reported by TCI also for frozen-thawed semen 8,16,17 . Whelping rates by intrauterine AI compared to vaginal AI is significantly higher both for fresh semen and for frozen-thawed semen 6 . Obviously, results will also depend on many other factors such as breed, age, fertility of the dog and bitch, season of the year etc 2 . HOW MANY TIMES SHOULD THE BITCH BE INSEMINATED? Repeating the AI after 24-48 hrs results in a significantly higher pregnancy rate and litter size (3,6,10,11). If only one insemination can be made, for instance when performing surgical AI, emphasis should be placed on making sure that the bitch is inseminated at the optimum time, i.e. 2-5 days after ovulation. CANINE SEMEN BANKING It is becoming increasingly more common to freeze and store dog semen for future use in the kennel, or for use in another country. At the time of semen collection it is not always known whether the frozen semen later will be exported. Therefore, it is a good practice to use a protocol that takes this possibility into consideration. National legislation as well as Kennel Club regulations pertaining to the use of frozen stored dog semen may change at any time. 62
68° CONGRESSO NAZIONALE SCIVAC 11-13 Marzo 2011 - Milano LE DOMANDE PIÙ FREQUENTI IN RIPRODUZIONE CANINA E FELINA Tutto quello che i vostri clienti osano spesso chiedere e a cui voi non sapete rispondere 14 th EVSSAR Congress - Advances in Feline Reproduction - March 11 th 2011 Before undertaking to freeze and store dog semen the dog owner should, therefore, always be advised to contact the Ministry and the Kennel Club to get accurate information about the latest rules and regulations, so that the necessary health certificates and blood tests can be made in accordance with the requirements. Within the European Union is now for the most part a free exchange of dog semen. Italy is an exception. MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE REQUIREMENTS When it comes to the national legislations pertaining to the use or importation of dog semen different countries basically fall into one of the following five categories: Category 1. No restrictions. Category 2. A veterinary health certificate including the ID-tattoo or microchip marking of the dog. Category 3. An import permit is required. Category 4. An import permit and a veterinary health certificate for the semen donor issued at the time of semen collection, or at a stipulated time interval before, and/or after the semen collection are required. Category 5. An import permit and a health certificate and a serological test for leptospirosis (usually l. canicola and l. ichterhaemorrhagica) and/or for brucella canis are required. [Note that the blood samples in some cases should be taken prior to (usually within 15-45 days before), in other cases at the time of, and sometimes after (usually 20-30 days, or 3-6 weeks after) the semen collection]. 63
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