68° Congresso Nazionale SCIVAC: Le domande più frequenti in ...

68° CONGRESSO NAZIONALE SCIVAC 11-13 Marzo 2011 - Milano
LE DOMANDE PIÙ FREQUENTI IN RIPRODUZIONE CANINA E FELINA
Tutto quello che i vostri clienti osano spesso chiedere e a cui voi non sapete rispondere
14 th EVSSAR Congress - Advances in Feline Reproduction - March 11 th 2011
If a neonate is severely hypothermic, it can gives warm fluids by intravenous,
intraperitoneal and intraosseous routes. The temperature should never
be 1 °C more than the body temperature. > 2 °C within one hour, lifethreatening
conditions usually results.
Hypoglycemia
Hypoglycemia may lead to hypothermia then to death. A variety of clinical
signs may occur in the hypoglycaemic neonatal patient (serum glucose <
0.3 g/l) including tremors, crying, irritability, dullness, lethargy, coma, stupor
and seizures. Besides starvation and hypoxia, common causes are sepsis, poor
environmental conditions, congenital metabolic defects, portosystemic shunt,
... Placental insufficiency and prematurity have been cited.
The tratment consists of giving dextrose slowly per os (suggar water) or
IV (Glucose 5%: 1 ml/25 g/d IV or IO).
Dehydration
Dehydration appears very quickly in neonatal patients because of their high
body water content, the inability to concentrate urine and the impaired ability to
autoregulate renal blood flow. Other compensatory mechanisms such as increasing
the heart rate and cardiac contractility are not well developped.
The mucous membranes are best used to assess hydration and the body
weight (in comparison to the littermates). At 5-7% dehydration, the mucous
membranes become tacky or dry. At 10% they will be very dry and there will
be very dry and there will be a noticeable decrease in skin elasticity, and at >
12% dehydration circulatory collapse occurs. The most common causes are:
diarrhea, vomiting, pneumonia, decrease milk intake and excessive ambiant
temperatures.
In very mild cases of dehydration, fluids may be given orally provided that
gut sounds are heard. In mild cases, fluids will be absorbed slowly without
overloading the homeostatic system: 180 ml/kg/24 h (water with dextrose)
orally and 1 ml/30 g subcutaneously. However, ideally, fluids should be given
intravenously or intraosseously.
The maintenance fluid requirements of the neonate are high at 80-100
ml/kg/day. However the total volumes given are small because volume overload
can quickly ensue: 3-4 ml/kg/h.
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