68° Congresso Nazionale SCIVAC: Le domande più frequenti in ...

68° CONGRESSO NAZIONALE SCIVAC 11-13 Marzo 2011 - Milano
LE DOMANDE PIÙ FREQUENTI IN RIPRODUZIONE CANINA E FELINA
Tutto quello che i vostri clienti osano spesso chiedere e a cui voi non sapete rispondere
14 th EVSSAR Congress - Advances in Feline Reproduction - March 11 th 2011
4. ANESTHESIA: A KEY STEP IN THE CAESAREAN
SUCCESS
Two successive or overlapping elements: anesthesia of the mother and resuscitation
of the pups, the whole being implemented simultaneously with
surgery. We can now understand the complexity of the act and the importance
of a seamless organization. Three main elements complicate anesthesia
- All drugs used in anesthesia have physiological effects, some of which
may be deleterious to the fetus. For example the powerful vasoconstrictor
effect of alpha2 agonists greatly reduces the uterine vascularization.
Major fetal distress is expected when one is forced to use only these molecules.
- All molecules that act on the brain of the mother also pass the placental
barrier, so it is impossible to anesthetize the mother without sleeping the
puppies. But, an excessive anesthesia result to the extraction of puppies
deeply asleep wich means a major cardio-respiratory depression and an
important resuscitation.
- The newborn puppies have most of their major systems immature. It is
therefore important to take into account the pre- and post-anesthetic effects.
A molecule such as ketamine causes prolonged depressant effects
in pups.
Under these conditions, we appreciate to work by the easiest way (in a difficult
context): molecules with short-acting (or maybe antagonized) and with
limited effects on the fetus.
4.1 PRE-ANESTHETIC STEP 1: A CRUCIAL STEP
Preparation of the bitch in calm reduces the need of sedatives. Someone
reassure the bitch (owner) and maintaining her in lateral recumbency while
another clips the the white line region (to the limits of the mammary tits) and
then surgically clean the operative area. Pre-oxygenation the bitch with a
mask is recommended only if it is not exciting the bitch (frequent). The surgeon
prepares the surgical material.
If the bitch is really excited (very rare), we may need sedatives. Acepromazine
is to avoid (long-acting in the mother and puppies). The effects of diazepam
are very powerful and little data are available concerning the effects on the
puppies. The sedative properties of α2-agonists (xylazine or medetomidine)
are interesting but is vasoconstrictor properties.
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