Tvisebrivi meTodebi socialur kvlevaSi - Center for Social Sciences
Tvisebrivi meTodebi socialur kvlevaSi - Center for Social Sciences
Tvisebrivi meTodebi socialur kvlevaSi - Center for Social Sciences
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“cxovrebis istoriis” analogiurad, biografiul-naratiuli interviuc<br />
respondentis cxovrebiseuli gamocdilebis Seswavlas isaxavs miznad; esec<br />
arastruqturirebuli interviua, romlis msvlelobaSic interviueri minimalurad<br />
ereva saubarSi, vinaidan am tipis intervius erT-erTi mTavari mizani<br />
Txrobis spontanurobis uzrunvelyofaa. am intervius ZiriTadi gansxvaveba<br />
“cxovrebis istoriisagan” imaSi gamoixateba, rom biografiul-naratiul interviuSi<br />
ufro meti yuradReba eTmoba Tavad respondentis Sefasebebis Seswavlas<br />
mis cxovrebaSi mimdinare procesebTan dakavSirebiT, rac, rogorc am meTodis<br />
Teoretikosebi varaudoben, saSualebas gvaZlevs gansakuTrebulad Rrmad<br />
SeviswavloT am procesebis roli adamianis cxovrebaSi. 31<br />
respondentTa gulaxdilobis gamomwvevi meTodikebi<br />
siRrmiseuli intervius warmatebis upirveles sawindars warmoadgens<br />
interviuersa da respondents Soris iseTi urTierTobis damyareba, romelic<br />
respondentis gulwrfelobas gamoiwvevs. aseTi urTierTobis winapirobaa<br />
mkvlevris WeSmariti interesi respondentis cxovrebisadmi, araSefasebiTi<br />
damokidebuleba misi gamocdilebis an misi azrebisadmi da misi unari daarwmunos<br />
respondenti, rom intervius Sedegad miRebuli in<strong>for</strong>macia mxolod kvleviTi<br />
amocanebisTvis iqneba gamoyenebuli.<br />
amasTan, arsebobs specialuri profesiuli meTodikebi, romlebic gvexmareba,<br />
gamoviwvioT respondentis meti gulwrfeloba da miviRoT misgan meti in<strong>for</strong>macia,<br />
vidre is Tavidan apirebda gaemJRavnebina CvenTvis. es meTodikebi xSirad moixsenieba<br />
rogorc “zondirebis” saSualebebi (“probing”); maTi meSveobiT Cven vubiZgebT respondents,<br />
daasrulos azri, romelic bolomde ar ganumartavs, an agvixsnas is, rasac<br />
mxolod gakvriT Seexo. zondireba gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania iseT SemTxvevebSi,<br />
rodesac respondentebi aRiqvamen gamokvlevis Temas rogorc Zalze rTuls an<br />
saTuTs, da amis gamo SeiZleba Tavi Seikavon detaluri da gulwrfeli pasuxebisagan.<br />
qvemoT ganvixilavT respondentebis gulaxdilobis gamomwvev ramdenime<br />
meTodikas — “siCumes”, “eqos” da “ganacxads”; mniSvnelovania, rom maTi gamoyenebis<br />
dros interviueri ar ereva saubarSi, Sesabamisad, ar axdens gavlenas<br />
respondentebis pasuxebze.<br />
1) siCume. imis magivrad, rom saubris dros warmoqmnili pauzis dros<br />
mkvlevarma morigi kiTxva dasvas, is agrZelebs Cumad jdomas. xSirad xdeba, rom<br />
aseT situaciaSi respondenti Tavs uxerxulad grZnobs, amitom gadawyvets, Tavad<br />
Seavsos siCume, agrZelebs saubars, Tan ambobs mets, vidre Tavidan apirebda.<br />
es meTodika Zalian misasalmebelia im TvalsazrisiTac, rom is neitraluria,<br />
mkvlevari arafers ambobs, ar svams damatebiT kiTxvebs, Sesabamisad, gamoricxulia,<br />
raime gavlena iqonios respondentis pasuxze.<br />
amasTan, aRsaniSnavia, rom am meTodikis warmatebiT gamoyeneba Zalze rTulia,<br />
vinaidan aq ar SeiZleba gadaWarbeba — SeiZleba isec moxdes, rom respondenti<br />
aRar apirebs arafris Tqmas; aseT SemTxvevaSi Camovardnili siCume SeiZleba uxerxuli<br />
gaxdes. mkvlevars unda Seswevdes unari, droulad auRos alRo situacias<br />
da gadawyvitos, gaagrZelos siCume Tu droulad gadavides morig kiTxvaze.<br />
2) eqo Zalze neitraluri da nakleb sarisko meTodikaa, romelic ar iwvevs<br />
intervius mimarTulebis Secvlas. im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac respondentma daasrula<br />
pasuxi raime kiTxvaze, magram mkvlevari ar aris maincdamainc kmayofili<br />
miRebuli pasuxiT, mas SeuZlia ubralod nela gaimeoros respondentis mier<br />
naTqvami bolo sityva an fraza. didia imis albaToba, rom respondenti<br />
daubrundeba Sewyvetil Temas da ufro srul in<strong>for</strong>macias mogvawvdis.<br />
3) ganacxadi. es meTodika gansakuTrebiT mgrZnobiare, daxurul Temebze<br />
saubrisas gamoiyeneba, rodesac respondentebs euxerxulebaT saubari an ar<br />
undaT, raime jgufuri saidumlo “gascen”. ganacxadis teqnikis gamoyenebisas<br />
mkvlevari iqceva ise, TiTqos man ukve icis yvelaferi, rac am sakiTxTanaa<br />
dakavSirebuli, da Tavisuflad saubrobs respondentTan “daxuruli” an “akrZa-<br />
31 Gabriele Cappai. 2000. Fra realtà locale e processi globali. Emigrazione, associanismo ed identità nelle<br />
società multikulturali. Halle/Saale: Hallescher Verlag.<br />
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