Tvisebrivi meTodebi socialur kvlevaSi - Center for Social Sciences
Tvisebrivi meTodebi socialur kvlevaSi - Center for Social Sciences
Tvisebrivi meTodebi socialur kvlevaSi - Center for Social Sciences
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kvleviTi midgoma (romelic <strong>meTodebi</strong>s vrcel arsenals aerTianebs), da ara<br />
romelime erTi calkeuli meTodi? vfiqrobT, am kiTxvas dadebiTad unda<br />
vupasuxoT.<br />
ra Tqma unda, mravali meTodis gamoyenebisas moulodneli ar unda yofiliyo<br />
gansxvavebuli, zogjer — sawinaaRmdego Sedegebis miReba. Tumca, “raodenobrivi”<br />
mkvlevrebisagan gansxvavebiT, <strong>Tvisebrivi</strong> <strong>meTodebi</strong>s momxreebi amas ar aRiqvamen<br />
rogorc saSiSroebas, aramed rogorc kidev erT SesaZleblobas, miRebul<br />
Sedegebs gansxvavebuli TvaliT SevxedoT, rac, saboloo jamSi, sruli da<br />
yovelmxrivi suraTis daxatvaSi unda dagvexmaros. xazgasmiT unda aRiniSnos<br />
isic, rom monografiul gamo<strong>kvlevaSi</strong> gamoyenebuli <strong>meTodebi</strong> savsebiT ar<br />
Semoifargleboda mxolod <strong>Tvisebrivi</strong> <strong>meTodebi</strong>T — piriqiT, isini xSirad<br />
mdidrdeboda statistikuri da raodenobrivi monacemebiT. Cikagos skolis erTerTi<br />
lideris, ernest berjesis TqmiT, “ori midgomis Tanamoqmedeba ueWvelad<br />
yvelaze nayofieri iqneba” 69 .<br />
rogorc am meTodis Teoretikosebi miiCneven, kvleviTi amocanebis dasaxva<br />
monografiuli gamokvlevis SemTxvevaSi SesaZlebelia mxolod mas Semdeg, rac<br />
mkvlevarma daiwyo savele samuSaoebi, amitom TviTon gamokvleva iwyeba, rogorc<br />
wesi, gamokvlevis saerTo Temis gansazRvriT, da ara konkretuli hipoTezebis<br />
SemuSavebiT. amis Sedegad monografiuli gamokvleva gansakuTrebuli moqnilobiT<br />
gamoirCeva. Tumca, rogorc robert iini aRniSnavs, “paradoqsaluria, magram<br />
rac ufro “rbilia” kvleviTi strategia, miT ufro rTuli gansaxorcielebelia<br />
is praqtikulad” 70 .<br />
monografiuli gamokvlevis CatarebaSi Zalian didia mkvlevris roli da<br />
Zalian bevria damokidebuli am ukanasknelis profesiulobaze. monografiuli<br />
gamokvlevis Catarebis dros mkvlevari ar aris daculi emociuri stresisagan,<br />
romelic yovelTvis Tan axlavs CarTul dakvirvebas. amitom kvlevis dawyebamde<br />
mis mier kargad unda iyos gaTviTcnobierebuli mis winaSe mdgari sirTuleebi.<br />
ZiriTadad mkvlevarzea damokidebuli, Tu rogor gansazRvravs is<br />
gamokvlvevis xangrZlivobas — is SeiZleba gagrZeldes rogorc ramdenime Tve,<br />
aseve ramdenime weli. Znelia imis dadgena, Tu rodis unda damTavrdes savele<br />
samuSaoebi. metic, rogorc u.f.uaiTi aRiarebs, “romelime Temis an organizaciis<br />
Seswavlas ar SeiZleba, raime logikuri dasasruli hqondes. rac ufro mets<br />
igebT, miT ukeT gesmiT, Tu ra dagrCaT kidev Sesaswavli” 71 .<br />
iTvleba, rom monografiuli gamokvleva yvelaze efeqturia rogorc<br />
romelime <strong>socialur</strong>i problemis winaswar Seswavlis, misi pirveladi aRweris<br />
saSualeba, amitom praqtikaSi es meTodi yvelaze xSirad aRweriT fuqncias<br />
asrulebs. aRsaniSnavia, rom aseve xedavda am meTodis rols Cikagos skolis<br />
warmomadgeneli vivien palmeri, am meTodisadmi miZRvnili pirveli saxelmZRvanelos<br />
72 avtori (es saxelmRvanelo 1928 wels gamovida). Tumca Tanamedrove<br />
mkvlevrebi sul ufro da ufro xSirad Tvlian, rom am meTods savsebiT Seswevs<br />
Zala, ara marto aRweros, aramed, agreTve axsnas esa Tu is <strong>socialur</strong>i situacia;<br />
kerZod, robert iini gamoyofs monografiuli gamokvlevebis or gansxvavebul<br />
saxeobas — romlebic aRweren <strong>socialur</strong> sinamdviles da romlebic xsnian mas. 73<br />
monografiuli gamokvlevis Sedegebi vrceli angariSis, xSirad ki — wignis<br />
saxiT xdeba xolme cnobili, sadac avtori cdilobs, SesTavazos mkiTxvels<br />
Sesaswavli jgufis wevrebis Rirebulebebis da normebis Taviseburi inter-<br />
69 citirebulia Semdegi gamocemis mixedviT: Martin Bulmer. 1984. The Chicago School of Sociology.<br />
Institutionalization, Diversity, and the Rise of Sociological Research. Chicago and London: The University<br />
of Chicago Press. P. 162.<br />
70 Robert K Yin. 1994. Case Study Research: Design and Methods. 2 nd Ed. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.<br />
P. 16.<br />
71 William F. Whyte. 1993. Street Corner Society. The <strong>Social</strong> Structure of an Italian Slum. Fourth Edition.<br />
Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press. P. 324-325.<br />
72 Viven M. Palmer. 1928. Field Studies in Sociology: A Student’s Manual. Chicago, Ill.: The University of<br />
Chicago Press.<br />
73 Robert K. Yin. Op. cit.<br />
64
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