Tvisebrivi meTodebi socialur kvlevaSi - Center for Social Sciences
Tvisebrivi meTodebi socialur kvlevaSi - Center for Social Sciences
Tvisebrivi meTodebi socialur kvlevaSi - Center for Social Sciences
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da miznad isaxavs daadginos ama Tu im <strong>socialur</strong>i fenomenis gamovlenis sixSire.<br />
<strong>meTodebi</strong>s es jgufi uaRresad <strong>for</strong>malizebulia, ris gamoc isini “mkacri”<br />
<strong>meTodebi</strong>s saxeliTaa cnobili.<br />
raodenobrivi <strong>meTodebi</strong>s mecnierulobas da am <strong>meTodebi</strong>s meSveobiT<br />
miRebuli Sedegebis sandoobas statistikuri kanonzomierebebi uzrunvelyofs.<br />
raodenobrivi kvlevis Sedegebis erT-erT umTavres Rirsebas am Sedegebis<br />
reprezentatuloba warmoadgens, rac gulisxmobs, rom kvlevis procesSi<br />
gamokiTxuli adamianebi (respondentebi) proporciulad warmoadgenen mTel<br />
mosaxleobas, an mosaxleobis im nawils, romlis Seswavlac dagegmilia kvlevis<br />
procesSi (anu generalur erTobliobas, romelic ganisazRvreba yoveli konkretuli<br />
kvlevis amocanebidan gamomdinare). respondentebis reprezentatuli<br />
SerCeva mecnierulad amarTlebs gamokiTxvis Sedegebis gavrcobas generalur<br />
erTobliobaze, ris Sedegadac saSualeba gveZleva, respondentTa mier gamoTqmuli<br />
azri generaluri erTobliobis warmomadgenlebis azrad CavTvaloT.<br />
raodenobriv meTodebs Soris msoflio praqtikaSi yvelaze gavrcelebulia<br />
masobrivi gamokiTxva — xalxis azris Seswavla ama Tu im problemasTan<br />
dakavSirebiT. am meTods safuZvlad udevs ori daSveba: (1) rom mosaxleobis mier<br />
<strong>socialur</strong>i movlenebis Sefasebebis gavrceleba garkveul statistikur kanonebs<br />
emorCileba, da (2) rom msgavsi <strong>socialur</strong>i mdgomareobis mqone pirovnebebi,<br />
rogorc wesi, analogiurad afaseben movlenebs. masobrivi gamokiTxvis dros<br />
yoveli respondenti ganixileba ara rogorc unikaluri pirovneba mdidari da<br />
ganumeorebeli Sida samyaroTi, aramed rogorc ama Tu im <strong>socialur</strong>i erTobis<br />
(jgufis) nawili, romelic warmoadgens misi msgavsi pirovnebebis azrs da gvawvdis<br />
in<strong>for</strong>macias CvenTvis saintereso <strong>socialur</strong>i fenomenis an misi Sefasebis<br />
Sesaxeb. aseTi midgomidan gamomdinare iTvleba, rom analogiuri <strong>socialur</strong>i<br />
mdgomareobis mqone individebi kvlevis procesSi “urTierTSemcvlelni” arian. 3<br />
Tumca raodenobrivi <strong>meTodebi</strong>s farglebSi intensiurad Seiswavleba respondentebis<br />
mier dafiqsirebuli mosazrebebi da/an Sefasebebi mniSnvelovan <strong>socialur</strong><br />
problemebTan dakavSirebiT, es <strong>meTodebi</strong>, rogorc wesi, ver dagvexmareba<br />
respondenTa mier gamoTqmuli azrebis motivaciis SeswavlaSi; respondentebs ar<br />
eZlevaT saSualeba, axsnan, Tu ratom fiqroben ase, da ara sxvagvarad.<br />
<strong>socialur</strong>i kvlevis <strong>meTodebi</strong>s meore jgufi, <strong>Tvisebrivi</strong> <strong>meTodebi</strong> siRrmiseulad<br />
Seiswavlis <strong>socialur</strong> cxovrebas; xSir SemTxvevaSi es Seswavla xdeba<br />
ara mkvlevris ofisSi an sxva xelovnurad Seqmnil garemoSi, aramed “bunebriv”<br />
pirobebSi, iq, sadac realurad viTardeba urTierToba adamianebs Soris — iqneba<br />
es saklaso oTaxi, soflis maRazia, gazeTis redaqcia Tu sxva.<br />
<strong>Tvisebrivi</strong> <strong>meTodebi</strong> interdisciplinarulia da farTod gamoiyeneba TiTqmis<br />
yvela <strong>socialur</strong> mecnierebaSi: sociologiaSi, eTnografiaSi, anTropologiaSi,<br />
fsiqologiaSi, fsiqiatriaSi, biografiul mecnierebaSi, istoriaSi, da sxv.<br />
zogadad, <strong>Tvisebrivi</strong> <strong>meTodebi</strong> SeiZleba davaxasiaToT rogorc <strong>meTodebi</strong>,<br />
romelTa meSveobiT mopovebuli monacemebic sxvadasxva mizezis gamo ver<br />
daeqvemdebareba raodenobriv analizs (es mizezebi SeiZleba iyos dakvirvebaTa<br />
mcire ricxvi; iSviaTi an sulac unikaluri movlenebis Seswavla; ara<strong>for</strong>malizebuli<br />
midgoma calkeuli SemTxvevebis Seswavlisadmi, da sxva). am meTodebs<br />
aklia maTematikuri sizuste; maTi meSveobiT Cven ver miviRebT in<strong>for</strong>macias imis<br />
Sesaxeb, Tu procentulad rogoraa gavrcelebuli sazogadoebaSi esa Tu is azri.<br />
samagierod, <strong>Tvisebrivi</strong> <strong>meTodebi</strong>s gamoyenebis Sedegad mkvlevrebs eZlevaT<br />
saSualeba, SeniSnon, daafiqsiron da axsnan adamianebis qcevis iseTi niuansebi,<br />
romlebic SeiZleba SeumCneveli darCes raodenobrivi <strong>meTodebi</strong>s gamoyenebisas. 4<br />
<strong>Tvisebrivi</strong> <strong>meTodebi</strong>s meSveobiT Cven ufro Rrma codnas viRebT im xalxis<br />
Sesaxeb, vis cxovrebas an vis mosazrebebsac SeviswavliT; Cven ara mxolod<br />
3<br />
Tumca es ar aris aucilebeli piroba am saleqcio kursis SemswavlelTaTvis,<br />
sasurvelia, rom studentebs hqondeT Tudnac sawyisi warmodgena <strong>socialur</strong>i kvlevis<br />
raodenobrivi <strong>meTodebi</strong>s Sesaxeb. es <strong>meTodebi</strong> ganxilulia saleqcio kursSi: Tamar<br />
zurabiSvili, TinaTin zurabiSvili. 2004. socilogiuri kvlevis meTodika.<br />
raodenobrivi <strong>meTodebi</strong>. Tbilisi: “samoqalaqo ganaTlebis proeqti”.<br />
4 ix. Earl Babbie. 2002. The Basics of <strong>Social</strong> Research. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Thomson Learning. P. 281.<br />
6
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