Tvisebrivi meTodebi socialur kvlevaSi - Center for Social Sciences
Tvisebrivi meTodebi socialur kvlevaSi - Center for Social Sciences
Tvisebrivi meTodebi socialur kvlevaSi - Center for Social Sciences
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vafiqsirebT maT mier gamoTqmul azrebs azrebs, aramed, agreTve saSualebas<br />
vaZlevT, axsnan Tavisi pozicia, Tqvan, Tu ratom fiqroben ise, rogorc fiqroben;<br />
ra faqtorebma iqonia gavlena maT cxovrebaze da rogor afaseben yoveli am<br />
faqtoris rols Tavis cxovrebaSi. kvlevis mxolod es <strong>meTodebi</strong> gvaZlevs<br />
saSualebas, SeviswavloT ama Tu im movlenis mizezebi; vupasuxoT ara kiTxvebs<br />
“ra?”, “ramdeni?” (am or kiTxvas raodenobrivi <strong>meTodebi</strong>s meSveobiT vupasuxebT),<br />
aramed kiTxvebs “ratom?”, “rogor?”<br />
<strong>Tvisebrivi</strong> <strong>meTodebi</strong>s erT-erTi umTavresi Rirseba isaa, rom es <strong>meTodebi</strong><br />
saSualebas gvaZlevs, davinaxoT da aRvweroT samyaro kvlevis obieqtebis TvaliT.<br />
vinaidan <strong>Tvisebrivi</strong> <strong>meTodebi</strong>T muSaobisas mkvlevris mizania individualuri<br />
saqcielis gageba, es <strong>meTodebi</strong> xSirad “interpretaciuli sociologiis”<br />
farglebSi ganixileba. magram Tvisebriv meTodebTan dakavSirebiT erTi seriozuli<br />
sirTule arsebobs: gamokvlevis Sedegebis damuSavebisas problemuri xdeba<br />
individualuri donidan saerTo kanonzomierebebze gadasvla, ris gamoc<br />
<strong>socialur</strong> mecnierTa nawils eWvi Seaqvs am <strong>meTodebi</strong>s mecnierulobaSi (am sityvis<br />
pozitivisturi gagebiT) anu imaSi, rom maTi meSveobiT SesaZlebelia sando<br />
monacemebis miReba <strong>socialur</strong>i samyaros Sesaxeb. <strong>Tvisebrivi</strong> <strong>meTodebi</strong>s gamoyenebisas<br />
Cven, rogorc wesi, gagviWirdeba imis mecnierulad damtkiceba, rom<br />
srulad SeviswavleT esa Tu is fenomeni, da rom Cvens mier miRebuli Sedegebi<br />
obieqturi da sandoa, miT umetes — rom Catarebuli kvleva pasuxobs reprezentatulobis<br />
moTxovnebs. <strong>Tvisebrivi</strong> Sedegebi arasodes ar aris reprezentatuli,<br />
rac imas niSnavs, rom <strong>Tvisebrivi</strong> <strong>meTodebi</strong>T warmarTuli kvlevis Sedegebi<br />
ar SeiZleba ganvazogadoT da movaxdinoT maTi eqstrapolacia generalur<br />
erTobliobaze. magram mniSvnelovania aRiniSnos, rom es arc aris <strong>Tvisebrivi</strong><br />
kvlevis mizani — <strong>Tvisebrivi</strong> <strong>meTodebi</strong> Seiswavlis imas, Tu rogor xsnis adamiani<br />
<strong>socialur</strong> samyaros da Tavis adgils masSi.<br />
<strong>Tvisebrivi</strong> <strong>meTodebi</strong> intensiurad iyenebs in<strong>for</strong>maciis Segrovebis iseT sa-<br />
Sualebebs, rogorebicaa ara<strong>for</strong>maluri interviu da dakvirveba, amitom pirveli<br />
SexedviT <strong>Tvisebrivi</strong> mkvlevris muSaoba Zalian hgavs Cveulebrivi adamianis<br />
yoveldRiur saqmianobas. Tumca, am saleqcio kursis farglebSi Cven davrwmundebiT,<br />
rom es msgavseba zedapiruli da moCvenebiTia. 5<br />
<strong>Tvisebrivi</strong> <strong>meTodebi</strong> mraval kvleviT teqnikas aerTianebs. esenia, magaliTad:<br />
• siRrmiseuli interviu;<br />
• “cxovrebis istoria”;<br />
• biografiuli interviu;<br />
• zepiri istoria;<br />
• werilebis, piradi dRiurebis da sxva werilobiTi dokumentebis <strong>Tvisebrivi</strong><br />
Seswavla;<br />
• fokus-jgufi da jgufuri interviu;<br />
• dakvirveba;<br />
• monografiuli gamokvleva (“SemTxvevis Seswavla”).<br />
xSirad Tvisebriv meTodebze damyarebuli kvleva moiTxovs erTdroulad<br />
ramdenime kvleviTi teqnikis gamoyenebas, rac mkvlevars saSualebas aZlevs,<br />
sxvadasxva kuTxiT Seiswavlos misTvis saintereso fenomeni. <strong>Tvisebrivi</strong> <strong>meTodebi</strong>s<br />
kompleqsuri gamoyeneba yvelaze xSirad monografiuli gamokvlevis<br />
(“SemTxvevis Seswavlis”) farglebSi xdeba.<br />
5 Tumca es ar aris aucilebeli piroba am saleqcio kursis SemswavlelTaTvis, sasurvelia,<br />
rom studentebs hqondeT Tudnac sawyisi warmodgena <strong>socialur</strong>i kvlevis raodenobrivi<br />
<strong>meTodebi</strong>s Sesaxeb. es <strong>meTodebi</strong> ganxilulia saleqcio kursSi: Tamar zurabi-<br />
Svili, TinaTin zurabiSvili. 2004. socilogiuri kvlevis meTodika. raodenobrivi<br />
<strong>meTodebi</strong>. Tbilisi: “samoqalaqo ganaTlebis proeqti”.<br />
7
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