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saxelmwifos dasustebisa da axali hegemonis gaCenis periodebi, Teoriis mixedviT,konfliqtebiT xasiaTdeba. Tumca aqve aRsaniSnavia, rom konfliqtebis masStabi daxangrZlivoba mniSvnelovnad aris damokidebuli imaze, Tu ramdenad aris Seguebuliyofili hegemoni Tavis dasustebas da axal mdgomareobas, ramdenad sworadgansazRvravs igi samomavlo politikur da ekonomikur strategias da ramdenadmoaxerxeben Zveli da axali hegemonebi konstruqciul TanamSromlobas ekonomikuritrans<strong>for</strong>maciebis Tanmdevi problemebis gadasaWrelad.mecxramete saukuneSi didi britaneTi asrulebda ekonomikuri hegemonis rolsmsoflios umetes nawilze. britaneTis lideroba asocirdeboda bazrebis globalizaciasTan,saerTaSoriso vaWrobis intensifikaciasa da kapitalis brunvasTan,transnacionaluri korporaciebis ricxvis zrdasTan da, zogadad, ekonomikur dapolitikur stabilurobasTan, romelic axasiaTebda, yovel SemTxvevaSi, evropas mainc.pirvelma msoflio omma uecrad mouRo bolo rogorc britaneTis hegemonias, aseve mismier dawesebul wesebsa da Seqmnil pirobebs. mzardma proteqcionizmma, regionuliblokebis Camoyalibebam da kapitalis brunvis Semcirebam 1920-1930-iani wlebisdasawyisSi xeli Seuwyo ekonomikur arastabilurobas da depresias.pirveli msoflio omis damTavrebisTvis aSS iyo ekonomikurad yvelaze Zlierisaxelmwifo msoflioSi. magram man uari ganacxada Seesrulebina lideris roli,romelsac ukve veRar asrulebda britaneTi. amis yvelaze kargi ilustracia iyo smuTholeitarifi (1930), romlis mixedviTac, aSS-Si saSualo gadasaxadi importze gaizarda40 procentiT. didi depresiis dasawyisSi aSS-ma Caketes Tavisi sazRvrebi ucxourisaqonlisaTvis da amgvarad xeli Seuwyes msoflio ekonomikis arnaxul dakninebas. amerikisuarma gaekontrolebina savaluto sistemebi kidev ufro gaamwvava mdgomareoba.msoflios ekonomikuri hegemonis amgvarma izolacionisturma poziciam uaryofiTigavlena iqonia danarCeni saxelmwifoebis umetesobaze da Tavad amerikazec.smuT-holeis tarifi1930 wlis ivnisis smuT-holeis tarifis aqtiT, aSS-Si dawesda qveynisistoriaSi yvelaze maRali tarifebi. aqts xeli moawera prezidentmahuverma. avtorebi iyvnen respublikeli senatori smuTi iutas Statidanda respublikeli kongresmeni holei oregonidan. tarifis mizani iyoSida fermerebis dacvis gaZliereba ucxoeli sasoflo-sameurneo saqonlisimportis sawinaaRmdegod. es aqti misi miRebidan dRemde gansjismudmivi sagania. bevri miiCnevs, rom smuT-holeis tarifma seriozuladgaaRrmava didi depresia da es ugunuri proteqcionizmis naTelimagaliTi iyo. am tarifis istoria huveris saprezidento kampaniidaniwyeba, rodesac prezidentobis kandidati dapirda fermerebs maTisaqonlis importze tarifebis gazrdas. miuxedavad imisa, rom 1920-ianiwlebi zogadad amerikis keTildReobis periodi iyo, soflis meurneobadacemas ganicdida. 1920-1929ww. saSualo Semosavlebi am sferoSiSemcirda. 1929 wlis martSi, gaprezidentebis Semdeg huverma wamoayenatarifebis gazrdis idea, Tumca mas mxari ar dauWires ara martodemokratebma, aramed respublikelebis nawilmac. 1929 wlis agvistoSidawyebuli didi depresiis (ase aTariRebs ekonomistebis umravlesoba,Tumca zogierTi didi depresiis dasawyisad oqtomberSi sabirJo bazriskraxs miiCnevs) pirobebSi senatSi moxerxda saWiro xmebis dagrovebaaqtis misaRebad 245 xmiT 177-is winaaRmdeg. mas mxari dauWires respublikelebisumetesobam da demokratebis 15 warmomadgenelma,romelTagan 10 iyo luizianadan da florididan. isini warmoadgendnencitrusebisa da Saqris interesebs, romlebsac axali aqti mniSvnelovanproteqcias hpirdeboda. smuT-holeis tarifma gamoiwvia sxva saxelmwifoebissapasuxo qmedebebi da gaxda `gaaRaribe Seni mezobeli” (beggarthy-neighbor) politikis simbolo. am politikis Sedegad mniSvnelovnadiklo saerTaSoriso vaWrobam. smuT-holeis tarifi aris proteqcionizmisnaTeli magaliTi meoce saukuneSi. am daSvebuli Secdomis sapirispirod1934 wlidan amerikis savaWro politikaSi aSkarad14

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