praqtikulad im qveynebs ekuTvnian, romlebSic funqcionireben da ewevianTavianT saqmianobas. es xdeba kontraqtaciis bazaze.vinaidan transnacionaluri korporaciebis upirvelesi mizania maqsimalurimogeba, isini dReniadag aumjobeseben menejments, marketingul xelovnebas, eZeben iafsawarmo resursebs, iaf adamianur resursebs, strategiul teritoriebs, raTaminimaluri danaxarjebiT SeinarCunon an gaaumjobeson produqciisa da momsaxurebisxarisxi da miiRon maqsimaluri mogeba saqminobisgan.erT-erTi mniSvnelovani momenti transnacionaluri korporaciebis saqmianobaSi,iseve, rogorc nebismier warmoebaSi, aris momxmareblis da myidvelis swori SerCeva damasze orientireba. Zalian bevri transnacionaluri korporacia, magaliTad, CvenTvisiseTi kargad cnobili, rogoricaa proqter end gembeli (Procter and Gambel) cdilobsmoicvas momxmarebelTa yvela fena, yvela socialuri statusis piri. amitom, misisaqoneli, magaliTad, sarecxi fxvnili, varirebs Zvirianidan iafamde. anu, misasortimentSi aris rogorc arieli, ZviradRirebuli da maRalxarisxiani sarecxifxvnili, aseve taidi, romlis fasic saSualoa da xarisxi didad ar CamorCeba arielisxarisxs da aseve bonuqsi, romelic iafia, gaTvlilia socialurad naklebaduzrunvelyofil mosaxleobaze da misi xarisxic SedarebiT dabalia.gilpinis azriT, transnacionaluri korporaciebi da saerTaSoriso kompaniebi immsoflios asaxvaa, romelSic kapitali da teqnologia Zalian mobiluria, xolo SromarCeba SedarebiT naklebad mobiluri. qveynebis ekonomikebs Soris fardobiT upiratesobaSiarsebuli da mimdinare cvlilebebis gamo transnacionaluri korporaciebicdiloben TavianTi warmoeba da filialebi ganaTavson yvelaze xelsayrel,dawinaurebul, ganviTarebul da, Sesabamisad, momgebian adgilebSi. xelsayrelobaSiSeiZleba igulisxmebodes iaffasiani muSa xelis arseboba (iafi adamianuri resursebi),bazrebis siaxlove, liberaluri sagadasaxado CarCoebi, usafrTxoeba.transnacionaluri kompaniebi sam ZiriTad tipad iyofa imisda mixedviT, Tu romelsferoSi saqmianoben isini, nedleulis mopovebis, warmoebisa Tu momsaxurebissferoebSi. meore msoflio omamde pirdapiri ucxouri kapitalis dabandeba ZiriTadadxdeboda nedleulis mopovebasa da plantaciebis moSenebaSi (magaliTad, navTobi,mineraluri nedleuli, tropikuli xili). kapitalis aseTi gadanawileba asaxavda, erTimxriv, samrewvelo qveynebis moTxovnilebas nedleulze da, meore mxriv, evropissaxelmwifoebis politikur batonobas aziasa da afrikaSi, amerikis SeerTebuliStatebisa ki — dasavleTis naxevarsferos umetes nawilSi. Tanamedrove transnacionalurikorporaciebis koloniur winamorbedebs ara marto finansuri da teqnologiuriresursebi hqondaT, aramed maT gankargulebaSi iyo aseve moqmedi armiebi,romlebic maTi ekonomikuri Zalauflebis sadarajoze idgnen da, rogorc istoriidanCans, xSirad aqtiurad ereodnen kidec.Tanamedrove transnacionalur korporaciebs ara aqvT pirdapiri samxedro Zala(Tumca, maTi umetesoba swored samxedro teqnikis warmoebiT aris dakavebuli), amitomisini ZiriTadad eyrdnobian politikur gavlenas, sabazro Zalauflebas, finansebisada teqnologiebis kontrols da, am ukanasknelis gasamyareblad, bazris struqturulZalauflebas. miuxedavad amisa, 1945 wlidan transnacionaluri korporaciebissaqmianoba gafarTovda swored omis Semdgomi saerTaSoriso ekonomikuri wesrigispirobebSi, romelic nawilobriv efuZneboda amerikis globalur samxedro Zalauflebas.metic, meore msoflio omis Semdeg, pirdapiri ucxouri kapitalis dabandebisZiriTadma sferom nedleulis mopovebidan warmoebaSi gadainacvla — gansakuTrebiTganviTarebad qveynebTan mimarTebaSi.transnacionaluri korporaciebi sam organizaciul tipad iyofa: vertikaluradintegrirebul, horizontalurad integrirebul da konglomeratul tipebad.vertikalurad integrirebuli korporaciebi ZiriTadad mineraluri nedleulismopovebiTa da gadamuSavebiT arian dakavebulni, navTobwarmoebis sferoSi ki maTifunqciebi ZiriTadad distribucias moicavs. aseTi korporaciebi xSirad flobenbenzingasamarT sadgurebs. warmoebis sferoSi momravlda iseTi transnacionalurikorporaciebi, romlebic nawilebs erT qveyanaSi amzadeben da sxvagan awyoben.magaliTad, iaponiisa da amerikis eleqtrosaqonlis mwarmoebel firmebs amwyobiqarxnebi aqvT iseT qveynebSi, rogorebicaa taivani, tailandi, filipinebi, malaizia,samxreT korea da sxv., sadac maT qveynebTan SedarebiT iafi muSaxelia.50
horizontaluri integracia gulisxmobs erTi tipis qarxnebis muSaobas sxvadasxvaqveyanaSi, anu rodesac centraluri qarxana da misi Svilobili kompaniebi identurisaqmianobiT arian dakavebulni.konglomeratuli tipis korporaciebi bevr gansxvavebul sferoSi arian CabmulnierTdroulad, mag., navTobis, soflis meurneobis, narCenebis gadamuSavebis, mediis,sammxedro teqnikis warmoebis da sxv.transnacionaluri korporaciebi gansakuTrebuli mravalferovnebiT gamoirCevianTavianTi orientaciis mixedviT globalur warmoebasa da realizaciasTanmimarTebaSi. firma transnacionalurad iTvleba maSinac ki, roca mas mxolod erTi anori Svilobili kompania aqvs, romlebzec modis misi mTliani produqciis mxolodmcire nawili. maT sapirispirod, zogierTi transnacionaluri korporacia sakuTariproduqciis umetes nawils mSobliuri qveynis sazRvrebs gareT awarmoebs, magaliTad,Sveicaruli firma “nestle” (erT-erTi pirveli transnacionaluri korporacia msoflioSi).zogierT transnacionalur korporacias mxolod erT romelime regionSi aqvsfiliali, zogi ki WeSmaritad globaluria, vinaidan misi Svilobili kompaniebi mTelmsoflioSia ganfenili. magaliTad, “<strong>for</strong>dma” da “jeneral motorsma” manqanebis iseTimodelebi Seqmnes (“msoflio manqanebi”), romlebic TiTqmis yvela qveyanaSi saRdeba,sadac SedarebiT normaluri gzebia, maTi awyoba ki warmoebis sxvadasxva adgilebSiSeiZleba. gaeros gamokvleva Semdeg kategoriebs warmoaCens: orientaciis mixedviT,korporaciebi aseve iyofian eTnocentrul (mSobliur qveyanaze orientirebul),policentrul (maspirZel qveyanaze orientirebul) da geocentrul (msoflioorientaciis) tipebad. “maspinZeli” qveynis xelisufleba xSirad SiSobs, rom ucxourikompania mis ekonomikur suverenitets SezRudavs da metic, mis saSiano saqmeebSiCaereva, raTa sakuTari qveynis sagareo politikuri interesebi ganaxorcielos.rac Seexeba transnacionaluri kompaniebis saqmianobas, rogorc nebismieri biznesdawesebuleba, isinic orientirebulni arian mogebaze, korporaciul zrdasa dasabazro wilis matebaze.transnacionaluri korporaciebi aseve gansxvavdebian imisda mixedviT, Tu ramdenadarian CarTulni iseT mwarmoeblur saqmianobaSi, romelic pirdapiri ucxourikapitalis dabandebis Cveulebriv tips ar Seesabameba - igulisxmeba Svilobilikompaniebis floba umravlesobis mier (rac Seexeba operaciebis efeqtur kontrols,tipiuria 30%-ze meti wilis floba, Tumca, zogierT SemTxvevaSi saxezea TiTqmis 100%mflobeloba). saportfelo investiciebisgan gansxvavebiT, produqciisa da realizebiskontroli pirdapiri investirebis ZiriTad arss warmoadgens. is gulisxmobscodnis, unar-Cvevebisa da Tanxebis pakets (erTianobas).pirdapiri ucxouri investicia — iseTi investicia, rodesac investori iRebs(Seisyidis) kontrols im firmaze, romelSic is axdens investirebas.saportfelo investicia — ucxouri firmis aqciebis Sesyidva firmaze yovelnairikontrolis an menejmentSi monawileobis gareSe.transnacionaluri korporacia zogjer erTobliv sawarmoSi erTiandeba, sadackontroli Tavidanve gadanawilebulia. gilpini aseve asaxelebs transnacionalurikorporaciis ucxoeTSi moRvaweobis mesame tips, marTvis xelSekrulebas, korporaciaar aris mflobeli, Tumca marTvis sferoSi sakvanZo Tanamdebobebis umetesoba masukavia. ucxo qveynebSi saqmianobis kidev erTi variantia e.w. “mza proeqti”, rocatransnacionaluri korporacia daqiravebulia mTeli qarxnis asawyobad daasamuSaveblad da adgilobrivi muSaxelis gasawvrTnelad. am SemTxvevaSi mas ar gaaCniaCveulebrivi aqciebis wili qarxanaSi. masTan SezRuduli urTierToba SeiZlebagagrZeldes mas Semdegac, rac qarxana adgilobriv mflobels gadaecema — marTvissakiTxebSi konsultaciebisa da teqnikuri TanamSromlobis saxiT. transnacionalurmakorporaciebma SeiZleba ubralod Seisyidon resursebi da produqcia ucxourimomwodeblebisgan. xSirad, adgilobrivi mwarmoeblebi damokidebulni xdebian ucxoelklientebze. zogjer, transnacionaluri korporacia ufro metia, vidre Cveulebriviklienti, radgan adgilobrivi mwarmoeblisTvis xan sesxis, xan masalisa da teqnikurikonsultaciebis wyarod iqceva.transnacionaluri saqmianobis erT-erTi aspeqti aris korporaciis Sida savaWrooperaciebis gafarToeba, romlebic Zalian farTo speqtrs moicaven.gilpinis azriT, farTod gavrcelebuli Sexedulebis sawinaaRmdegod, verti-51
- Page 1: socialur mecnierebaTa seriasaerTaSo
- Page 4 and 5: SesavalisaerTaSoriso urTierTobebis
- Page 6 and 7: saerTaSoriso politikuri ekonomiissa
- Page 8 and 9: nawili Tvlis, rom saerTaSoriso ekon
- Page 10 and 11: nawilia, romlis dominanturi wevrebi
- Page 12 and 13: aul prebiSiraul prebiSi daibada arg
- Page 14 and 15: saxelmwifos dasustebisa da axali he
- Page 16 and 17: marSalis gegmamarSalis gegma oficia
- Page 18 and 19: safinanso-savaluto urTierTobebimeor
- Page 20 and 21: marSalis gegma, romlis farglebSic T
- Page 22 and 23: 2004 wels msoflio bankma gasca 20,1
- Page 24 and 25: vaWroba mxolod ganviTarebuli da Zli
- Page 26 and 27: • upirobo TanamSromloba yvela wev
- Page 28 and 29: saxedidan, ekonomistebi ukve amtkic
- Page 30 and 31: mesame samyaros gaCena daekonomikur
- Page 32 and 33: moaxerxa aseTi swrafi tempebiT ganv
- Page 34 and 35: susti qveynis finansuri daqvemdebar
- Page 36 and 37: 1970 wlebSi dasavleTma da iaponiam
- Page 38 and 39: aSS-Si energokrizisis daZlevis mizn
- Page 40 and 41: ver iqneboda) ar Camouvardeboda da,
- Page 42 and 43: warmoSobs, rogoricaa, magaliTad, ga
- Page 44 and 45: sxvadasxva kuTxeSi radikalurad gans
- Page 46 and 47: gasasvleli hqondeT. aqedan gamomdin
- Page 48 and 49: icxvis zrdaze. xolo Suamavlebad ucx
- Page 52 and 53: kalurad integrirebuli transnacional
- Page 54 and 55: wlebSi iseTma prokapitalisturma qve
- Page 56 and 57: 1946 wels didi britaneTis yofili pr
- Page 58 and 59: mniSvnelovnad gansxvavdeba erTmaneT
- Page 60 and 61: saWiro. magram vinaidan es ase ar a
- Page 62 and 63: wlamde aSS-ma 9,6 trilioni dolari d
- Page 64 and 65: samsaxurebis SeTavazebas. saerTaSor
- Page 66 and 67: internet resursebi:www.mitpress.mit
- Page 68 and 69: Dependency theory developed in the
- Page 70 and 71: currency.Further, the course descri
- Page 72 and 73: analyses give an understanding of d
- Page 74: securities at most. Therefore, each