aSS-Si energokrizisis daZlevis mizniT specialuri energetikis departamentiSeiqmna. daiwyo energiis racionalizaciaze aqtiuri fiqri. dawesda grafiki benzinzeda mZRolebs mxolod garkveul dReebSi SeeZloT benzinis Casxma. manqanebiT moZraobamxolod dabali siCqariT SeiZleboda benzinis ekonomiurad moxmarebis mizniT. asevespecialuri politika SemuSavda sinaTlis moxmarebasTan dakavSirebiT. amisTvissaaTic ki gadawies dRis Suqis maqsimalurad gamoyenebis mizniT.sxva navTobimportiori ganviTarebuli qveynebisagan gansxvavebiT, iaponia yvelazekarg mdgomareobaSi iyo msoflio energokrizisis Semdeg. am qveyanam, realobisgaTvaliswinebiT, saswrafod daiwyo iseTi dargebis ganviTarebis xelSewyoba,romlebic yvelaze naklebad saWiroebda energoresursebs. iaponiis warmatebebirobotmSeneblobasa da, zogadad, maRalteqnologiur sferoSi, swored am periodidaniwyeba. amasTan, iaponelma manqanaTmSeneblebma meore revolucia moaxdines daZveleburi didi manqanebis magivrad patara, kompaqturi da ekonomiuri manqanebisgamoSveba daiwyes. specialistebis azriT, 1973 wlis krizisi iyo mTavari faqtori imisa,rom iaponia CamoSorda navTobis industrias da uzarmazari investiciebieleqtronikaSi Cado.1974 wels vaSingtonis konferenciaze molaparakebebis Semdeg navTobze embargomoixsna, magram krizisis Sedegebi amis Semdeg ufro aSkara gaxda. navTobis fasis zrdagagrZelda kidev erTi weli da dolari, rogorc valuta, sagrZnoblad dasustda.energo-krizisis erT-erTi Sedegia is, rom qveynebi seriozulad dafiqrdnen iseTienergiis miRebaze, romlis ganaxlebac da aRdgenac SeiZlebvoda, gansakuTrebiT xissawvavze. aiwyo mzisa da qaris energiis intensiuri kvlevebi. krizisma aseve ganapirobaCrdilo-amerikaSi arsebuli navTobis WaburRilebis Seswavla da aTviseba. garda amisa,kidev erTxel daarwmuna dasavleTi birTvuli energiisa da naxSiris mniSvnelobaSi.krizisis gamo gamoigones mravali ufro efeqtruri manqana, xalxi kialternatiuli energiis ZiebaSi iyo, amitom navTobis fasebi TavisTavad daeca da 1973wlis krizisis kvali nel-nela qreboda. aSS kvlav iyenebs navTobs TavismosaxleobasTan SedarebiT gacilebiT met proporciebSi.1981 wlidan opekis produqciis xarisxma iklo da mas sxva qveynebis produqciagacilebiT sjobda. Tan, masSi gawevrianebuli qveynebi erTmaneTSi ver Tanxmdebodnen.saudis arabeTi cdilobda yvelaze didi wili aeRo, igi yidda yvelaze ZvirnavTobproduqcias, ris gamoc naklebs an saerTod ar iRebda Semosavals. amis gamo esqveyana iZulebuli gaxda Seemcirebina navTobis fasi. navTobis fasma piks 1979 welsmiaRwia, maSin erTi bareli Savi oqro 80 aSS dolari Rirda. 1980-iani wlebis dasawyisSies ricxvi Semcirda da 38 dolari Seadgina. mTlianobaSi, Savi oqros gaiafeba didiwarmateba iyo navTobmomxmarebeli qveynebisaTvis (iaponiisaTvis, evropisaTvis dagansakuTrebiT — mesame samyarosTvis).amave dros, navTobis fasis dacemam seriozuli problema Seuqmna CrdiloeTevropasa da sparseTis yuris regions, aseve ramodenime mWidrod dasaxlebul qveyanas,romelTa ekonomikac Zlier iyo damokidebuli navTobze. magaliTad, meqsika, nigeria,alJiri da libani navTobis gaiafebiT es qveynebi gamouval viTarebaSi aRmoCndnen.navTobis gadaWarbebulma warmoebam msoflio bazarze 1980-iani wlebSi warmoSvazedmeti produqcia, navTobis fasebi daeca da am faqtma opekSi uTanxmoeba gamoiwvia.navTobis eqsportiori qveynebis — venesuelis, nigerisaa da meqsikis ekonomika fasebisvardnis gamo savalalo mdgomareobaSi aRmoCnda, saudis arabeTis uZlieresiekonomikac ki dasustda.ganxeTqilebam opekSi ufro gaarTula mdgomareobabevris azriT, 1973 wlis krizisma kargad daanaxa msoflios, Tu ramdenaddamokidebulni arian dasavleTis ganviTarebuli qveynebi navTobze da mis momwodebelqveynebze. Sesabamisad, dRes aRaravis epareba eWvi, rom navTobwarmoebis regionebidasavleTis mudmivi interesis sfero iqneba da trategiul regionebad moiazreba.navTobis politika ki kvlavac darCeba saSiS da riskian politikad.britaneTSi 2004 wlis ianvarSi gamoqveynda ocdaaTi wlis winandeli dokumentebi.maT mixedviT aSS-is politikuri elita 1973 wlis energo-krizisis dros ganixilavdasaudis arabeTsa da quveitSi SeWris ides, romli mizanic iyo am qveynebis navTobisWaburRilebze kontrolis damyareba. Tumca, es gegmebi uaryofili iyo, rogorcdroebiTi efeqtis momtani da, saboloo jamSi, uSedego.dasavleTis ganviTarebuli qveynebisa da opekis urTierTobaSi yovelTvisSeimCneoda daZabuloba. im urTierTdamokidebulebas, romelic arsebobs maT Soris,38
dadebiTis garda uaryofiTi mxareebic aqvs. ramdenime Tvis win amerikis prezidentmabuSma ganacxada, rom misi qveynisaTvis erT-erTi strategiuli sakiTxia energouzrunvelyofada rom qveyanam intensiurad unda daiwyos energiis alternatiuliwyaroebis moZieba da danergva. es kidev erTi naTeli ilustraciaa imisa, romdasavleTi ar aris mSvidad im faqtiT, rom is iseT mniSvnelovan sferoSi, rogoricenergetikaa, damokidebulia iseT arastabilur da Znelad Sesacnob saxelmwifoebze(ramdenimes garda, romlebsac aSkarad prodasavluri kursi aqvT), rogoric opekiswevrebia.aRsaniSnavia, rom ruseTi bolo xanebSi gadaiqca saudis arabeTis Semdeg meoreyvelaze msxvil navTobeqsportior qveyanad. mas aseve gaaCnia dadasturebuli da jerauTvisebeli maragebi arqtikasa da sxva Znelad misadgom regionebSi, rac bunebrivia,gaaZvirebs mopovebiT samuSaoebs. ruseTi ar aris opekis wevri, magram eqspertebi sulufro xSirad saubroben opekis alternatiuli organizaciis Seqmnis SesaZleblobaze.momavali organizaciis wevrebad moiazrebian ruseTi, yazaxeTi, TurqmeneTi,azerbaijani da irani.globalizaciaras eZaxian dRes globalizacias da ratom aris es termini aseTi aqtualuridRevandel msoflioSi? am Temaze davoben ara marto specielistebi, aramedsocialuri mecnierebebidan Sors myofnic. garda amisa, xSirad globalizaciis arsisgadmosacemaT SecdomiT iyeneben iseT terminebs, rogorebicaa: `vesternizacia~,`internacionalizacia~, `amerikanizacia~ da sxv. Tavad mecnierTa Soris aris azrTasxvadasxvaoba globalizaciis Sesaxeb da maT mier globalizaciis erTiani gansazRvrebacki ar aris SemuSavebuli. amas erTvis is, rom globalizaciis procesi,rogorc ar unda ganvsazRvroT igi, ganuxrelad mimdinareobs da yvela qveyanasa da maTyvela moqalaqes exeba. gaCnda iseTi terminebic, rogorebicaa `globalisti~ da `antiglobalisti~.antiglobalisturi gamosvlebi dRevandeli msoflios politikuricxovrebis ganuyofel nawilad iqca.antiglobalisturad ganwyobili beki globalizmze saubrisas wers: `globalizmi —esaa azrobrivi virusi, romelic bolo dros Seeyara yvela partias, yvela redaqcias,yvela institituts. mis dogmats warmoadgens ara is, rom adamianebma ekonomikuradunda imoqmedon, aramed is, rom yvelaferi, politika, mecniereba, kultura —ekonomikur primats unda emorCilebodes. amiT neo-liberalisturi globalizmi TavisdauZinebel mters — marqsizms mogvagonebs~ (ra aris globalizacia? u. beki. gv. 156).globalizaciis mowinaaRmdegeebi aseve Tvlian, rom es procesi neoliberalebismogonili da wamowyebulia, vinaidan es maT politikur interesebSi Sedis.globalizacia, maTi azriT akninebs suverenuli saxlmwifoebisa da maTimTavrobebisrols saerTaSoriso sistemaSi. am mosazrebas globalizaciis proponentebi kategoriuladar eTanxmebian da miaCniaT, rom globalizaciam ki ar SezRuda erovnulimTavrobebis roli, aramed sxva funqcia SesZina maT. ase magaliTad, erovnulimTavrobebi axla ufro xSirad xvdebian erTmaneTs saqmiani SexvedrebiT, vidre esodesme momxdara. garda amisa, yvela ekonomikuri Tu politikuri gadawyvetilebasaerTaSoriso doneze miiReba urTierTSeTanxmebiT da erTmaneTis interesebisgaTvaliswinebiT. swored erovnuli mTavrobebis damsaxurebaa is, rom globalizaciisprocesi saerTod daiwyo da igi ase Tanmimdevrulad mimdinareobs. oponentebi amissapirispirod ganviTarebad qveynebs asaxeleben, romlebic yvela mniSvnelovanigadawyvetilebis miRebisgan gaTiSulebi arian.globalizmis procesis mimarT skeptikurad ganwyobilni acxadeben, rommecxramete saukunis bolos saerTaSoriso transaqciebi ufro intensiuradac kimimdinareobda, vidre dRes, anu savaWro da safinanso brunva (aq absoluturiraodenobis brunva ar igulisxmeba, rac, naTelia, Tanamedrove maCvenebelze maRali39
- Page 1: socialur mecnierebaTa seriasaerTaSo
- Page 4 and 5: SesavalisaerTaSoriso urTierTobebis
- Page 6 and 7: saerTaSoriso politikuri ekonomiissa
- Page 8 and 9: nawili Tvlis, rom saerTaSoriso ekon
- Page 10 and 11: nawilia, romlis dominanturi wevrebi
- Page 12 and 13: aul prebiSiraul prebiSi daibada arg
- Page 14 and 15: saxelmwifos dasustebisa da axali he
- Page 16 and 17: marSalis gegmamarSalis gegma oficia
- Page 18 and 19: safinanso-savaluto urTierTobebimeor
- Page 20 and 21: marSalis gegma, romlis farglebSic T
- Page 22 and 23: 2004 wels msoflio bankma gasca 20,1
- Page 24 and 25: vaWroba mxolod ganviTarebuli da Zli
- Page 26 and 27: • upirobo TanamSromloba yvela wev
- Page 28 and 29: saxedidan, ekonomistebi ukve amtkic
- Page 30 and 31: mesame samyaros gaCena daekonomikur
- Page 32 and 33: moaxerxa aseTi swrafi tempebiT ganv
- Page 34 and 35: susti qveynis finansuri daqvemdebar
- Page 36 and 37: 1970 wlebSi dasavleTma da iaponiam
- Page 40 and 41: ver iqneboda) ar Camouvardeboda da,
- Page 42 and 43: warmoSobs, rogoricaa, magaliTad, ga
- Page 44 and 45: sxvadasxva kuTxeSi radikalurad gans
- Page 46 and 47: gasasvleli hqondeT. aqedan gamomdin
- Page 48 and 49: icxvis zrdaze. xolo Suamavlebad ucx
- Page 50 and 51: praqtikulad im qveynebs ekuTvnian,
- Page 52 and 53: kalurad integrirebuli transnacional
- Page 54 and 55: wlebSi iseTma prokapitalisturma qve
- Page 56 and 57: 1946 wels didi britaneTis yofili pr
- Page 58 and 59: mniSvnelovnad gansxvavdeba erTmaneT
- Page 60 and 61: saWiro. magram vinaidan es ase ar a
- Page 62 and 63: wlamde aSS-ma 9,6 trilioni dolari d
- Page 64 and 65: samsaxurebis SeTavazebas. saerTaSor
- Page 66 and 67: internet resursebi:www.mitpress.mit
- Page 68 and 69: Dependency theory developed in the
- Page 70 and 71: currency.Further, the course descri
- Page 72 and 73: analyses give an understanding of d
- Page 74: securities at most. Therefore, each