• upirobo TanamSromloba yvela wevrs Soris.unda Seqmniliyo msoflio savaWro reJimi an universaluri kanonebi savaWropolitikis warmoebisaTvis.miuxedavad imisa, rom aRmosavleTis bloki da naklebad ganviTarebuli saxelmwifoebisumetesoba ar SeuerTda gats da ar scnes misi principebi, xolo wevrisaxelmwifoebi srulad ar asrulebdnen TavianT movaleobebs, gatma mniSvnelovnadSeuwyo xeli omis Semdgom periodSi msoflio vaWrobis liberalizaciis process.1980-ian wlebSi bevrma saxelmwifom eWvi Seitana gatis SesaZleblobaSi Seenar-Cunebina liberaluri vaWrobis reJimi. amis mizezi iyo struqturuli cvlilebebimsoflio ekonomikaSi, romelTa Sedegadac Seirya gatis principebi. saxelmwifoebssurdaT scodnodaT, SesaZlebeli iyo Tu ara liberaluri reJimi, da Tu ara, romelireJimi Secvlida omis Semdgom liberalur savaWro wesrigs. Tumca aRsaniSnavia, rommeore msoflio omis Semdeg gatis farglebSi Catarebuli ramdenime warmatebuliraundis Sedegad mniSvnelovnad Semcirda tarifebi da gaizarda msoflio vaWroba.saerTaSoriso vaWrobis mzardma qselma TandaTan CaiTria saxelmwifo ekonomikebierTian urTierTdamokidebulebis sistemaSi, rasac mohyva spekulacia imis Sesaxeb, romiwyeba mWidrod integrirebuli msoflio ekonomikis era, romelsac dadebiTze metiuaryofiTis motana SeuZlia erovnuli ekonomikisTvis. amis Sedegad Seicvala balansiliberalizaciisa da ekonomikuri nacionalizmis momxreTa Soris.1970-iani wlebis Sua periodisaTvis SesamCnevi gaxda ekonomikuri nacionalizmisupiratesoba liberalizmTan SedarebiT da vaWrobam Semcireba iwyo, rac aseve aisaxasavaWro sistemis bunebaze. 70-ian wlebSi vaWrobis Semcirebasa da ekonomikuriproteqcionizmisaken dabrunebas xeli Seuwyo ramodenime fundamenturma movlenam:• mcocav savaluto kursze gadasvlam;• 1973-74 ww. zamTarSi navTobze fasis masiurma momatebam;• iaponiasTan konkurenciis gaZlierebam;• Zlier konkurentunariani axali industriuli saxelmwifoebis gamoCenammsoflio bazarze;• aSS-is ekonomikis SedarebiTma dasustebam;• evropuli ekonomikuri Tanamegobrobis daSlam;• globaluri stagflaciis (stagnacia+inflacia) niSnebma.yovelive aman xeli Seuwyo meore msoflio omis Semdeg dawyebuli vaWrobisliberalizaciis procesis SeCerebas.gati iyo wesebis krebuli, mravalmxrivi SeTanxmeba instituciuri fundamentisgareSe. es iyo mcire samdivno, romelic miznad isaxavda saerTaSoriso savaWroorganizaciis daarsebas. dRes arsebuli msoflio savaWro organizacia ki mudmiviinstitutia Tavisi samdivnoTi. gatis kanonebi exeboda mxolod saqonels da mxolodmis irgvliv aregulirebda urTierTobebs. msoflio savaWro organizaciis kanonebi kiexeba, agreTve momsaxurebis sferos da inteleqtualuri qonebis savaWro aspeqtebs.gatisagan gansxvavebiT msoflio savaWro organizacias gaaCnia davebis mogvarebisufro efeqturi da swrafi meqanizmebi.Tanamedrove pirobebSi ormxrivobam farTod Secvala gatis mravalmxrivobisprincipi, da ekonomikuri urTierTobebisa da ekonomikuri politikis gansazRvrisassul ufro metad xelmZRvaneloben politikuri mosazrebebiT.breton-vudis sistemis Tanaxmad, qveynis centraluri bankebis winaSe, aSS-sfederaluri sarezervo sistemis garda, daisva amocana — daecvaT fiqsirebuligacvliTi kursebi TavianT valutasa da dolars Soris. amas isini akeTebdnen ucxoursavaluto bazrebze intervenciis gziT. im SemTxvevaSi, Tu ama Tu im qveynis valutas26
dolarTan mimarTebaSi hqonda metismetad maRali fasi, misi centraluri banki yididaTavisi qveynis valutas dolarebSi gacvliT, riTac amcirebda mis fass. da, piriqiT. Turomelime qveynis valutis fasi metismetad dabali aRmoCndeboda, es qveyanayidulobda Tavis sakuTar valutas da amiT zrdida mis fass.breton-vudsis konferenciis monawileebma Seqmnes saerTaSoriso savaluto fondi,raTa daxmareba gaewiaT im saxelmwifoebisTvis, romelTac uWirdaT sagadasaxadobalansTan dakavSirebuli problemebis gadawyveta. qveynebs savaluto fondis daxmarebasWirdebaT, ZiriTadad, imasTan dakavSirebiT, rom isini ganicdian disproporciasekonomikaSi. tradiciulad fonds mimarTaven is qveynebi, romlebic arian mZimemdgomareobaSi saxelmwifo biujetis didi deficitisa da fuladi masis uaRresad didizrdis gamo. aseTi qveynebi cdilobdnen moexmaraT meti, vidre maT amis saSualebasaZlevda Semosavali eqsportisagan. Seqmnili viTarebis gamosworebis standartulsaSualebas, romelsac mimarTavda savaluto fondi, warmoadgenda moTxovnilebamevale qveynebis mimarT gamajansaRebeli xasiaTis mkveTri makroekonomikuri zomebisdacvis Sesaxeb, maT Soris sagadasaxado-sabiujeto da fuladi politikis gamkacrebamoklevadiani kreditebis miRebis sanacvlod.1970-ian da 80-ian wlebSi iaponiisa da evropis ekonomikebis gajansaRebam da aSS-isekonomikis SedarebiT dasustebam gaarTula saerTaSoriso savaWro sistemismdgomareoba. amasTan, iaponia da evropa jer ar iyvnen mzad SeesrulebinaT hegemonisada lideris roli. 1957 wlidan evropis Tanamegobroba udidesi savaWro bloki iyo.daarsda sabaJo kavSiri Tavisufali Sida vaWrobiT, Seiqmna saerTo sagareo tarifebida saerTo sasoflo-sameurneo politika. evropis qveynebis vaWrobam saocaritempebiT imata da 1986 wels msoflio saerTo vaWrobis 38.8 procents miaRwia. kidevufro gaizarda vaWroba evropis qveynebs Soris. rac Seexeba iaponias, 1960-ian wlebSimisi wili msoflio vaWrobaSi Seadgenda mxolod 3 procents. 1980-iani wlebisbolosaTvis ki misma wilma 8.3 procents miaRwia (The Politics of International EconomicRelations, Joan Edelman Spero, Fourth Edition, St. Martin’s Press, New York 1990). avtorTa azriT, amsaswaulebrivi ganviTarebis ukan idga iaponiis unikaluri niWi SeeTvisebina, daenergada ganeviTarebina uaxlesi ucxouri teqnologiebi, agreTve SesaZleblobagamoeTavisuflebina xalxi soflis meurneobidan, seriozuli investireba moexdinawarmoebaSi da daesaqmebina mosaxleoba am sferoSi. mTavrobam gadamwyveti roliiTamaSa iaponiis ekonomikis aseT mzard ganviTarebaSi — SemuSavda specialurisaxelmwifo programebi, romelTa farglebSic mniSvnelovani mxardaWera aRmoeCinebodakerZo investiciebs qveynisaTvis iseT strategiul dargebSi, rogoric iyofoladi, navTobgadamuSaveba, navTobqimikatebi, avtomanqanebi, TviTmfrinavebi,samrewvelo teqnika, eleqtroteqnika da kompiuterebi.iaponiis ganviTarebaSi aseve udidesi roli Seasrula eqsportis gafarToebisa daimportis proteqcionizmis (SezRudvis) politikam. vinaidan iaponiis ekonomika mniSvnelovanwiladiyo damokidebuli nedleulis importze, mTavrobam daawesa mkacrikontroli arasasicocxlo mniSvnelobis saqonlis importze. mTavrobam uzrunvelyosaSinao warmoebis ganviTareba garkveuli proteqcionisturi meTodebiT importirebulsaqonelze (tarifebi, kvotebi) da rigi administraciuli zomebiT — importislicenzireba da sxv. paralelurad udidesi aqcenti keTdeboda nebismieri saxisnawarmis eqsportze. 1960-ani wlebidan iaponiam moaxerxa Seeqmna iseTi ekonomika,romelic metwilad orientirebuli iyo eqsportze.gasuli saukunis oTxmocdaaTian wlebSi gaCnda axali problema. finansuribazrebis urTierTdamokidebulebis mudmivi gaZlierebisa da Zrdis pirobebSi zogierTiqveynebi aRmoCndnen seriozuli problemebis winaSe ucxouri valutis gacemissaqmeSi — ara imis gamo, rom arasworad warmarTavdnen ekonomikur saqmianobas, aramedimitom, rom kerZo investiciebis dolaris nakadebi ganicdidnen mkveTr cvlilebebs.xSirad amgvari problemebis gaCenas xsnidnen maTi ekonomikis funqcionirebaSistruqturuli xarvezebis arsebobiT. es gansakuTrebiT TvalsaCino gaxda im finansurikrizisis dros, romelmac moicva azia 1997 wels.meoce saukunis oTxmocdaaTiani wlebis dasawyisSi tailandSi, indoneziasa dasamxreT koreaSi moxda tempebis gansacvifrebeli zrda. inflaciis gaTvaliswinebiTmaT Seadgines 9 procenti. ucxoelma investorebma amas gansakuTrebuli yuradRebamiaqcies da male aziuri qveynebis ekonomika gaavses finansuri saxsrebiT. azia-wynariokeanis regionSi kapitalis modena gaizarda daaxloebiT xuTjer. axla, am gada-27
- Page 1: socialur mecnierebaTa seriasaerTaSo
- Page 4 and 5: SesavalisaerTaSoriso urTierTobebis
- Page 6 and 7: saerTaSoriso politikuri ekonomiissa
- Page 8 and 9: nawili Tvlis, rom saerTaSoriso ekon
- Page 10 and 11: nawilia, romlis dominanturi wevrebi
- Page 12 and 13: aul prebiSiraul prebiSi daibada arg
- Page 14 and 15: saxelmwifos dasustebisa da axali he
- Page 16 and 17: marSalis gegmamarSalis gegma oficia
- Page 18 and 19: safinanso-savaluto urTierTobebimeor
- Page 20 and 21: marSalis gegma, romlis farglebSic T
- Page 22 and 23: 2004 wels msoflio bankma gasca 20,1
- Page 24 and 25: vaWroba mxolod ganviTarebuli da Zli
- Page 28 and 29: saxedidan, ekonomistebi ukve amtkic
- Page 30 and 31: mesame samyaros gaCena daekonomikur
- Page 32 and 33: moaxerxa aseTi swrafi tempebiT ganv
- Page 34 and 35: susti qveynis finansuri daqvemdebar
- Page 36 and 37: 1970 wlebSi dasavleTma da iaponiam
- Page 38 and 39: aSS-Si energokrizisis daZlevis mizn
- Page 40 and 41: ver iqneboda) ar Camouvardeboda da,
- Page 42 and 43: warmoSobs, rogoricaa, magaliTad, ga
- Page 44 and 45: sxvadasxva kuTxeSi radikalurad gans
- Page 46 and 47: gasasvleli hqondeT. aqedan gamomdin
- Page 48 and 49: icxvis zrdaze. xolo Suamavlebad ucx
- Page 50 and 51: praqtikulad im qveynebs ekuTvnian,
- Page 52 and 53: kalurad integrirebuli transnacional
- Page 54 and 55: wlebSi iseTma prokapitalisturma qve
- Page 56 and 57: 1946 wels didi britaneTis yofili pr
- Page 58 and 59: mniSvnelovnad gansxvavdeba erTmaneT
- Page 60 and 61: saWiro. magram vinaidan es ase ar a
- Page 62 and 63: wlamde aSS-ma 9,6 trilioni dolari d
- Page 64 and 65: samsaxurebis SeTavazebas. saerTaSor
- Page 66 and 67: internet resursebi:www.mitpress.mit
- Page 68 and 69: Dependency theory developed in the
- Page 70 and 71: currency.Further, the course descri
- Page 72 and 73: analyses give an understanding of d
- Page 74: securities at most. Therefore, each