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Carta ao AFRICOM No. 1 - Air & Space Power Chronicle

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84 AIR & SPACE POWER JOURNAL<strong>No</strong>tas1. O autor agradece o Dr. Dan Hank da Escola deGuerra da Força Aérea <strong>No</strong>rte-Americana [USAF <strong>Air</strong> WarCollege] pela leitura e comentários referentes <strong>ao</strong>s primeirosesboços deste artigo.2. Wyndham Hartley, “Southern Africa: More U.S.Soldiers <strong>No</strong>t Welcome in Africa, Says Lekota,” BusinessDay (Johannesburg), 30 August 2007, http://allafrica.com/stories/200708300344.html. A ambiguidade ou dualismo,para ser preciso, na posição do governo sulafricanopara com os militares norte-americanos reflete-seclaramente na realidade de que <strong>ao</strong> mesmo tempo que oMinistro de Defesa dava voz às declarações, a Marinha Sul-Africana estava envolvida em exercícios <strong>ao</strong> sul de sua costacom um contingente da Marinha <strong>No</strong>rte-Americana. Essesexercícios entre as forças armadas sul-africanas e americanasseguiram logo após o anúncio da criação do <strong>AFRICOM</strong>.3. Michael Clough, Free At Last? US Policy towardAfrica and the End of the Cold War (New York: Councilon Foreign Relations Press, 1992), 1.4. Lauren Ploch, Africa Command: U.S. Strategic Interestsand the Role of the U.S. Military in Africa, CRSReport for Congress (Washington, DC: CongressionalResearch Service, 16 maio 2007), 10.5. The White House, “President Bush Creates a Departmentof Defense Unified Combatant Command forAfrica,” Office of the Press Secretary, 6 fevereiro 2007,http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2007/02/20070206-3.html.6. Ibid.7. Clough, Free At Last? 3.8. Ver Richard G. Catoire, “A CINC for Sub-SaharanAfrica? Rethinking the Unified Command Plan,” Parameters30 (Inverno 2000–01): 102–17.9. Jackie <strong>No</strong>rtham, “Pentagon Creates Military Commandfor Africa,” NPR (National Public Radio), MorningEdition, 7 fevereiro 2007, http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story .php?storyId=7234997.10. US Department of Defense, “DoD Establishing USAfrica Command,” Defense Link, American Forces PressService, http://www.defenselink.mil/News/NewsArticle.aspx?id=2940.11. Ibid.12. <strong>No</strong>rtham, “Pentagon Creates Military Commandfor Africa.”13. Jim Lobe, “Africa to Get Its Own US MilitaryCommand,” Antiwar.com, 1 fevereiro 2007, http://www.antiwar.com/lobe/?articleid=10443.14. Sally B. Donnelly, “Exclusive: The Pentagon Plansfor an African Command,” Time, http://lib.store.yahoo.net/lib/realityzone/UFNAfricancommand.mht.15. Bryan Bender, “Pentagon Plans New Command toCover Africa,” Boston Globe, 21 dezembro 2006, http://www.boston.com/news/world/articles/2006/12/21/pentagon_plans _new_command _to_cover_africa.16. Simon Tisdall, “US Moves in on Africa,” Guardian,9 fevereiro 2007, http://www .guardian.co.uk/usa/story/0,,2009098,00.html.17. GaryLeupp, “We’reTakingDownSevenCountriesinFiveYears:ARegimeChangeChecklist,” Dissident Voice,17 janeiro 2007, http://www.dissidentvoice.org/Jan07/Leupp17.htm.18. Jim Fisher-Thompson, “U.S. Official Dispels ‘AlarmistViews’ of China in Africa,” USINFO, Bureau of InternationalInformation Programs, US Department of State,16 fevereiro 2007, http://usinfo.state.gov/xarchives/display.html?p=washfile-english&y=2007&m=February&x=200702161420311E JrehsiF0.6760828.19. Philippe D. Rogers, “Dragon with a Heart of Darkness?Countering Chinese Influence in Africa,” JointForce Quarterly 47 (4th Trimestre 2007): 22–27.20. Confirmado com a apresentação do Emb. DavidH. Shinn, Catedrático-Assistente de Assuntos InternacionaisGeorge Washington University (palestra, AcademiaMilitar da África do Sul, Saldanha, 28 agosto 2007).21. M. Rossouw, “Mbeki Verdedig China se Involvedin Afrika,” Die Burger (Cape Town, South Africa), 4 junho2007, 6.22. <strong>No</strong>rtham, “Pentagon Creates Military Commandfor Africa.”23. Hartley, “Southern Africa.”24. J. Ferreira, “Terrorisme Beleef Oplewing in <strong>No</strong>ord-Afrika,” Die Burger, 13 abril 2007, 6.25. James Jay Carafano and Nile Gardiner, “US MilitaryAssistance for Africa: A Better Solution,” The HeritageFoundation, 15 outubro 2003, http://www.heritage.org?Reasearch?africa/bg1697.cfm.26. Lt Col Gary Lloyd (Observador Militar Chefepara a Missão Africana no Sudão), entrevista com o autor,durante visita à Academia Militar da África do Sul, Saldanha,23 agosto 2007.27. Gen Barry R. McCaffrey, USA, retired, to Col MichaelMeese, professor and head, Department of SocialSciences, US Military Academy, West Point, NY, internalmemorandum, subject: After-Action Report: Visit [to]Iraq and Kuwait, 9–16 March 2007, (submitted) 26 março

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