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NOEP 7.1 Ship & Boat Building and Repair: Description of the Sector The shipbuilding and repair industry builds and repairs ships, barges and other large vessels, whether self-propelled or towed by other craft. This industry also includes the conversion and alteration of ships and a portion of the manufacture of offshore oil and gas drilling and production platforms. The boat building and repair industry is engaged in the manufacturing and repairing of smaller non-ocean going vessels primarily used for recreation, fishing, and personal transport Unlike most other industries, only a small number of orders for large ships are received each year, and these often take years to fill. The orders for shipbuilding and repairs are primarily placed by large shipping, passenger and cruise, ferry, petrochemical, commercial fishing, and towing and tugboat companies, or the federal government. The principal federal government agencies placing ship building and repair orders include the Naval Sea System Command, the Military Sealift Command, the Army Corps of Engineers, the US Coast Guard, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the National Science Foundation and the Maritime Administration. The boat building and repair industry is almost entirely privately owned and is characterized by a very large number of buyers with varied tastes and a larger number of producers with varied product ranges. The US ship building and repair industry is primarily devoted to building ships for the US Navy and a small number of commercial shipping companies. The industry reached its peak output in the mid-1970s, when it held a significant portion of the international commercial market while maintaining its ability to supply military orders. Since then, new ship construction, the number of ship building and repair yards, and overall industry employment have decreased sharply, particularly since the end of the major naval buildup of the 1980’s. This decline came on top of a severe drop in the construction of new vessels, which fell from about 77 ships (1,000 gross tons or more) per year in the mid-1970s to only about eight ships through the late 1980s and 1990s. Smaller shipyards have been able to keep much of their mainly commercial market share, since these shipyards build vessels used on the inland and coastal waterways, which, by law, must be built in the US. 7.2 Ship & Boat Building in California California was a major ship builder during World War II, when the Richmond and other shipyards were flourishing. 41 The ship building industry in California is heavily dependent on the federal government as its primary market. The Navy’s new ship procurement has declined since the accelerated Navy ship construction in the 1980s. First tier shipyards may face the possibility of closure. The General Dynamics National Steel and Shipbuilding Co. (NASSCO) in San Diego CA is the biggest private shipyard on the West coast and employed more than 3000 people in 2000. Over the last four decades, NASSCO has delivered over 100 ships to the world's fleets -- 53 ships to commercial customers, becoming America's leading commercial shipbuilder during that period; and 53 auxiliary and support ships for the US Navy. These have included oil tankers, ferries, containerships, and oceanographic 41 Comments by G. Pontecorvo for review of this document. 98
NOEP research ships for commercial customers; and hospital ships, fast combat support ships, tank landing ships, and roll-on/roll-off ships for the US Navy. NASSCO as of 2000, had contracts to build six commercial ships and three Navy ships. Because of its location, expertise and full-service capabilities, the Navy relies on NASSCO as a repair facility for its Pacific Fleet ships. The company also performs maintenance and repair for commercial operators 42 . Since California has a large ship building capacity, changes in national policies that might drive increased shipbuilding for the Navy could have a positive influence on California’s economy. The Boat Building and Repair industry in California includes a large number of products, manufacturers and dealers. Table 7-4 gives the 1990 direct estimates for this industry. Table 7-4: Direct Employment, Wages, and GSP for Ship and Boat Building and Repair Industry 1990 SIC4 Name Employment 1990 Wages 1990 GSP 1990 California Boat Building & Repair 3,256 $97,705,470 $116,684,864 Ship Building & Repair 22,593 $975,728,866 $1,165,265,257 TOTAL 25,849 $1,073,434,336 $1,281,950,121 Comparisons drawn in Table 7-3 and Figure 7-1 clearly reflect the difficulties in the industry in the last decade. The major decline has come from the shipbuilding industry, while the Boat Building and Repair industry has remained stable. The Ship Building and Repair industry employed more than 22,500 people in 1990, but that number declined to less than 6,500 in 2000. The employment in the Boat Building and Repair industry remained relatively constant at approximately 2,700. The sharp decline in the Ship Building and Repair industry also led to a significant drop in wages; they declined from around $800 million in 1990 to around $331 million in 2000 in constant 2000 dollars. Similarly the industry’s contribution to GSP also contracted to less than half of its value: from $958 million in 1990 to around $433 million. 42 http://www.nassco.com/ 99
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NOEP CALIFORNIA’S OCEAN ECONOMY R
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NOEP Table of Contents Executive Su
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NOEP PART IV APPENDIX .............
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NOEP Table 6-4: 2000 Employment, Wa
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NOEP Figure 8-4: Fishing and Boatin
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NOEP Executive Summary California
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NOEP Acknowledgements The State of
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NOEP PART I BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY
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NOEP ocean and economic activity, s
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NOEP The use of SIC codes and geogr
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NOEP Chapter 2 Summary of Findings
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NOEP Table 2-2: Regional Population
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NOEP Table 2-5: Growth Rates for Co
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NOEP 2.4 California’s Ocean Econo
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NOEP 2.5 California’s Ocean Econo
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NOEP Table 2-10: California Ocean E
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NOEP Figure 2-5 shows that the prop
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NOEP Number of Workers 1,000,000 10
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NOEP 2.7 Indirect and Induced Estim
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NOEP • Construction trends in mar
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NOEP PART II THE SECTORS OF THE CAL
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NOEP assess: a) Landings and landed
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NOEP Billion Pounds 12 10 8 6 4 2 0
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NOEP Percentage 25% 20% 15% 10% 5%
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NOEP in terms of revenue, replacing
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NOEP Figure 3-6 shows the landings
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NOEP Thousands of Wet Tons 200 180
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NOEP 3.4 Conclusion Living Resource
Page 57 and 58: NOEP Chapter 4 California Ocean Min
Page 59 and 60: NOEP Table 4-3: California Offshore
Page 61 and 62: NOEP Table 4-6: Coastal Counties On
Page 63 and 64: NOEP are concentrated in less than
Page 65 and 66: NOEP Chapter 5 California Marine Tr
Page 67 and 68: NOEP million tons of foreign cargo
Page 69 and 70: NOEP 120,000,000 100,000,000 80,000
Page 71 and 72: NOEP From 1992 to 2001, total value
Page 73 and 74: NOEP Table 5-4: Port Rankings 2001
Page 75 and 76: NOEP 5.2 CA Water Transportation: R
Page 77 and 78: NOEP Table 5-9: Warehousing (SIC co
Page 79 and 80: NOEP Table 5-11: Marine Passenger T
Page 81 and 82: NOEP Table 5-13: Search and Navigat
Page 83 and 84: NOEP 5.2 References California Mari
Page 85 and 86: NOEP Chapter 6 California Marine Co
Page 87 and 88: NOEP 6.2.1 Historical Capital Expen
Page 89 and 90: NOEP 60.0% 50.0% 40.0% 30.0% 20.0%
Page 91 and 92: NOEP CA Share of Total U.S. Port Ca
Page 93 and 94: NOEP 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 US Po
Page 95 and 96: NOEP 6.2.2 Proposed Capital Expendi
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Page 99 and 100: NOEP CA Share of Capital Expenditur
Page 101 and 102: NOEP 6.2.4 Economic Impact The foll
Page 103 and 104: NOEP 6.3 Beach Nourishment 39 In Ca
Page 105 and 106: NOEP Table 6-6: Funding for Califor
Page 107: NOEP Chapter 7: California Ship & B
Page 111 and 112: NOEP 7.3 References CA Employment D
Page 113 and 114: NOEP Chapter 8 Coastal Tourism & Re
Page 115 and 116: NOEP volume and diversity, along th
Page 117 and 118: NOEP participated in marine recreat
Page 119 and 120: NOEP 8.2.2 California Beach Valuati
Page 121 and 122: NOEP No attempt has been made to es
Page 123 and 124: NOEP 8.2.3 Recreational Fishing and
Page 125 and 126: NOEP 14,000,000 12,000,000 10,000,0
Page 127 and 128: NOEP The travel industry supported
Page 129 and 130: NOEP 8.4 Regional Estimates of Cali
Page 131 and 132: NOEP Table 8-16 Cont. SIC4 Region N
Page 133 and 134: NOEP Table 8-17 summarizes the tota
Page 135 and 136: NOEP 8.5 References California Fast
Page 137 and 138: NOEP PART III CONCLUSION Future Dir
Page 139 and 140: NOEP PART IV APPENDIX Appendix A: T
Page 141 and 142: NOEP All ES-202 data are reported t
Page 143 and 144: NOEP At the same time, this data se
Page 145 and 146: NOEP fishing, or boating will not o
Page 147 and 148: NOEP Table B-1: Commercial Fisherie
Page 149 and 150: NOEP Appendix C: California Marine
Page 151 and 152: NOEP Appendix D: California Beaches
Page 153 and 154: NOEP Table D-1: Regional Beaches an
Page 155 and 156: NOEP Table D-1: Regional Beaches an
Page 157 and 158: NOEP Table D-2: Regional Beaches fr
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NOEP Table D-2: Regional Beaches fr
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NOEP Region County Beach Gray Whale
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NOEP Region County Beach San Luis O
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NOEP Region County Beach La Piedra
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