8th INTERNATIONAL WHEAT CONFERENCE

Seedlings of 170 winter wheat cultivars and breeding lines were tested for resistance to
stem rust with races of P. graminis (TDT/H and PCR/Q) that are currently prevalent in
Kazakhstan. Virulence formulae of TDT/H is Sr5, Sr7b, Sr8a, Sr9b, Sr9e, Sr9g, Sr17, Sr21,
Sr25, Sr30, Sr32, Sr36. Pathotype PCR/Q has virulence formulae Sr5, Sr7b, Sr9e, Sr9g,
Sr17, Sr24, Sr25, Sr36. As a result 22 lines resistant to both two aggressive pathotypes
of stem rust were identified. A total of 255 winter wheat genotypes were included in
the 2009 tests in Kazakhstan, 33 of them showed high or moderate levels of resistance
in the field. Tests of the material under artificial conditions identified eight entries with
stem rust immunity; viz. 86003/F9Norin10/Steklovidnaya24, 86004 /F7322-MA/118-SI,
86006/F6KSI-21/Arthur, 86007/F6KSI-21/Arthur, 86018/Lawson/ Currawong, 86019/
Moro*2(C90)/More*2//Marcuis)2, 86022/F5Janbash/Anza, 86023/ F4KLDN33/MK-
3832, 86024/F4Tilek/KLDN-95. Two lines were characterized as moderately resistant;
viz. 86005/F6 Progress/T.monococcum and 86008/F6KSI-21/97Sr25. Evaluation for agronomic
traits allowed selection of 10 advanced lines with high yield potential and resistance
to stem rust.
The screening of winter wheat germplasm in Turkey-CIMMYT nurseries in 2009 allowed
selecting 7 valuable breeding lines resistant both to stem and yellow rust, among them entries
Zhetisu/Argus, Komsomolskaya/95SR, KSI21/Arthur, KSI13/SR25, 186Al/Arthur,
Progress/Sr36, 241/T.monococum, 242/T.Timopheevii, KSI13/Lr19Sr25, Progress/T.
taushii.
Because Ug99 is virulent to the great majority of wheat varieties, we tested promising
material in Plant Breeding Station Njoro, Kenya, 2009. Experimental material tested in
Kenya was developed using local spring commercial varieties and wild relatives of wheat.
Under epidemic conditions of Kenya the numbers of resistant and moderate resistant
inter-specific breeding lines were selected: Zhenis/PPG (T.aestivum-Agropyron glaucum
L. hybrid), Zhenis/T.dicoccum, Saratovskaya29/T.maha and Zhenis/T.compactum. Based
on the results in Kenya we develop cultivars possessing genes, or combinations of genes,
effective against virulent race Ug99 of the pathogen. Using molecular markers associated
with Sr22, Sr26, Lr37/Sr38 and Sr38 genes 16 carriers of wheat stem rust resistance genes
were identified. Based on genetics of donors it will be possible to develop the cultivars
possessing effective gene or combinations of genes regarding to known virulent race of
pathogen of Puccinia graminis Pers.f.sp.tritici.
Thus, genetic study of stem rust resistance allowed identifying disease-resistant germplasm
of wheat. The number of advanced lines showed high level of yield potential and resistance
to race Ug99 and to the races which are predominant in the region of Central Asia.
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