8th INTERNATIONAL WHEAT CONFERENCE

uTILIzATIoN of oLd WheAT VARIeTIeS IN fLouR
BIofoRTIfICATIoN
Baboev S.K. 1 , Usmanov R.M 1 ., Chinnikulov B. 1 ,
Morgounov A.I 2
1 Institute of Genetics & PEB ASUz, 111226, p/o Yuokory-yuz, Tashkent, Uzbekistan,
2 CIMMYT, PO Box 39, Emek 06511, Ankara, Turkey
Biofortification allows utilization of such varieties of wheat which are characterized by
high content of important microelements promoting reduction of some diseases connected
with their deficiency. Research objective included monitoring of wild and cultivated
forms of wheat in iron and zinc content in grain, definition of some biochemical
indicators of flour and selection of perspective accessions as initial forms for further
breeding works. In Uzbekistan different local varieties of wheat adapted for conditions of
different regions have been cultivated for a long time and are still being grown now. There
is a high probability that the populations characterized by the high content of iron and
zinc remained among the local varieties.
For the purpose of search and selection of such old varieties collection expedition was
conducted in the mountains and remote regions like Samarkand, Kashkadarya and Surkhandarya.
Additional attention was given to varieties with good baking properties. The
first expedition was organized in July 2007. Surveys were conducted with the population
of mountain areas and remote regions for the collection of wheat samples of old varieties
with high quality which used at households. We collected 12 varieties about ½ kg of
grain of each variety and we got 10 samples from the collection of Samarkand University
collected from Pamir mountains. Twenty samples (12 old varieties and 8 commercial)
were analyzed for defining the content of microelements by the neytron-actiation analyzes
method.
It is revealed that some old varieties like Kizil-shark, Kora-kiltik, Grekkum and local
commercial varieties Mars and Sanzar-8 demonstrated high quantity of iron. Rather
high content of Fe was also revealed in samples Kizil-shark and Yakkabog obtained from
mountain areas of Yakkabag area of Kashkadarya region and in Emir variety developed
by the Institute of Genetics and Experimental Plant biology of AS RUz.
For zinc content varieties Kora-kiltik, Grekkum, Mars, Okbugdoj “Muslimka” and Hasan-Orif
were selected demonstrating this microelement ranging from 31 mg/kg to 39 mg/
kg. Varieties Yakkabog, Krasnovodopadsky, Ravi, Emir (Fergana) had Zn content in grain
around 28÷29 mg/kg. The germplasm from collection СIММYТ characterized by very
high content of zinc in grain.
Varieties Kora-kiltik, Grekkum and Mars were characterized by high content of iron, and zinc.
Varieties - Kizil-shark and Sanzar-8 had high content of iron but rather low content of zinc.
504