8th INTERNATIONAL WHEAT CONFERENCE

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uSINg mARkeR ASSISTed SeLeCTIoN IN A LoW BudgeT WheAT BReedINg PRogRAm M. Ciucă National Agricultural Research and Development Institute Fundulea, 915200 ROMANIA E-mail Address of presenting author: matilda72001@yahoo.co.uk Marker Assisted Selection (MAS) has proved to be a very efficient method for increasing genetic progress and efficiency of breeding programs. However, it is expensive and therefore has been mainly used by large, high budget institutions. The paper will present the approach followed by the wheat breeding program at the National Agricultural Research and Development Institute Fundulea, Romania in an attempt to use limited available resources for enhancing genetic progress by MAS. Our approach has included: Using available known markers for traits that are difficult or more expensive to select for phenotypically. This is the case for: - Introducing genes for Fusarium Head blight resistance from the totally not adapted cultivar Sumai3 (mainly Qfhs.ndsu.3BS) - Introducing the Bdv2/Bdv3 genes for resistance to barley yellow dwarf virus Identifying new markers for important traits for which significant variation has been detected in our breeding material, such as: - Drought tolerance expressed as better membrane stability with localization on chromosome 7A, identified in one of our recently released cultivar (Izvor) - Fusarium Head blight resistance in a breeding line, not related with Sumai3 - Bunt resistance, having in view future pyramiding of resistance genes, for increased durability of resistance in organic farming. Detecting rye introgressions to wheat using rye specific SSR markers, as a step in using lines derived from Triticale x Wheat crosses for increasing genetic diversity of breeding material. Focusing marker work on specific small special programs and on specific generations: - Selecting parents for inclusion in the crossing block - Selecting haploid plants before doubling of chromosome number, in special accelerated programs. - Characterization of promising lines, already selected phenotypically. Molecular characterization by CIMMYT of our lines submitted for international testing has been of much help for confirming our previous results and for opening possible new directions in our MAS work. We plan to extend our work by including other traits of interest and by trying simultaneous selection for more than one marker, for combining more traits of interest. 432
Total cost of our molecular work has been around 35000€. As the laboratory team only includes 1 scientist and 1 assistant, most costs are related with chemicals (primers, polymerase etc.).The benefits estimated by the breeders are much larger. The paper will present some of our results in MAS use in the breeding program. 433
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Borlaug Global Rust Initiative
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© 2010, N.I. Vavilov Research Inst
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Koppel Reine, Ingver Anne Requireme
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A.V. Konarev, T.I.Peneva, N.K.Gubar
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Majed M.A Al-Bokari, Saad M. Alzahr
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Ratan Tiwari, Rajender Singh, Sindh
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Kadir Akan, Zafer Mert, Lütfi Çet
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Lapochkina I. F., Gajnullin N. R.,
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Victoria A. Valdez, Scott D. Haley,
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Ribas Vargas, G, Reynolds, M, De Si
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RM DePauw, RE Knox, JB Thomas, DG H
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Paramjit Khurana and Harsh Chauhan
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Vázquez, D.; Berger, A.; Cuniberti
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Sedláček Tibor Prediction of baki
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that some crops, such as wheat, oat
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ferent continents, Asia and Europe.
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A STRATegIC Look AT gLoBAL WheAT PR
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it would be logical to conclude tha
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• Rational retention of adequate
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STudy of RAIN effeCTS oN RAINfed WI
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amount of durum and carotenoid rich
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evaluation under farmers’ conditi
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The fACToRS effeCTINg The RegIoNAL
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AdoPTIoN of CoNSeRVATIoN AgRICuLTuR
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Severe disease attacks are not the
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Coefficients of variation (CV) of t
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humidity (67 and 80%) and occurrenc
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need to be qualitatively evaluated
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Strengthening the capacity of wheat
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CoNSeRVATIoN AgRICuLTuRe foR SuSTAI
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BReedINg WheAT foR ReduCed ImPACT o
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WheAT ImPRoVemeNT ChALLeNgeS ANd oP
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PLeNARy SeSSIoN 2: uTILIzATIoN of W
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uTILIzATIoN of NeW WheAT geNePooL I
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IdeNTIfICATIoN of SouRCeS of SeedLI
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CoNSeRVINg CRoP dIVeRSITy IN The 21
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Genetic analysis of leaf rust resis
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T.aestivum-H.villosa interstitial t
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Growing F2-F4 generations as bulks.
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ferences among accessions. Differen
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dIgITAL PhoTogRAPhy AS A NoN-deSTRu
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BReAd WheAT (TRITICum AeSTIVum, L)
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eVALuATIoN ANd uTILIzATIoN of WheAT
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TRANSLoCATIoNS IN INTRASPeCIfIC kAR
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WheAT LANdRACeS ANd oBSoLeTe CuLTIV
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TRANSfeR of WheAT STReAk moSAIC VIR
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BReedINg fRee-ThReShABLe, dWARf emm
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geNeTIC STRuCTuRe of AegILoPS TAuSC
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PLANT geNeTIC ReSouRCeS IN CeNTRAL
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uSe of TRITICeAe TRIBe SPeCIeS foR
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moLeCuLAR mARkeRS foR INCReASINg ef
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ChARACTeRISTICS of WheAT geNeTIC Re
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moLeCuLAR-CyTogeNeTIC ChARACTeRIzAT
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moLeCuLAR CyTogeNeTIC ChARACTeRIzAT
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gRAIN yIeLd PeRfoRmANCe of SyNTheTI
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ANALySIS of The PASSPoRT INfoRmATIo
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INdIReCT SeLeCTIoN uSINg RefeReNCe
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geNome ANALySeS of The ABoRIgINe LA
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SImuLTANeouS ReSISTANCe To PoWdeRy
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PheNoTyPIC dIVeRSITy IN SPANISh LAN
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highly resistant to English grain a
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SPANISh LANdRACeS of TRITICum TuRgI
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No chromosome rearrangements were d
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uTILIzATIoN of eLyTRIgIA INTeRmedIA
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WheAT ImPRoVemeNT uSINg Rye - dISTu
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WheAT-PSAThyRoSTAChyS huAShANICA Ch
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Stagonospora nodorum blotch (Stagon
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cific resistance to pyrenophorosis,
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uNdeRSTANdINg gRAIN yIeLd: IT IS A
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gRoWTh, yIeLd ANd PhoToSyNTheTIC Re
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eNhANCemeNT of heAT ToLeRANCe IN Wh
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SALINITy ToLeRANCe ANd NA + exCLuSI
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IdeNTIfICATIoN ANd dISTRIBuTIoN of
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SeLeCTIoN of TeRmINAL dRoughT ToLeR
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yIeLd STABILITy ANd PeRfoRmANCe of
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Like Lona at normal soil water leve
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versus sister lines carrying Rht-B1
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eVALuATIoN of quANTITATIVe ChARACTe
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RoLe of WheAT geNome IN ALumINIum T
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ASSoCIATIoN of RooT WATeR-uPTAke WI
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filling period. Halna showed very l
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effeCT of defICIT IRRIgATIoN IN dIf
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Al-tolerant genotypes maintained lo
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to imperatives of climate change, e
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CoLLeCTIoN of ePI-LINeS of CommoN W
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the field under ideal and late sowi
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A SImPLe ANd effICIeNT TWo STeP mAN
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Furthermore, F V /F M is particular
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ALLeLIC dIVeRSITy foR VeRNALIzATIoN
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PoSSIBILITy of uSINg RooT gRoWTh AN
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ACCumuLATIoN of PhoToSyNTheSIS ASSI
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(1 scores - low hardiness; 9 scores
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exPReSSIoN of Seed doRmANCy IN CRoA
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eVALuATIoN of WheAT SyNTheTIC hexAP
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CoLeoPTILe LeNgTh of Some WheAT VAR
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nitrogen supply and soil water avai
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IdeNTIfICATIoN of SouRCeS foR heAT,
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PhySIoLogIC ANd BIoChemICAL ReSPoNS
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ReSuLTS of eVALuATIoN of SPRINg Whe
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BReedINg foR ImPRoVed ToLeRANCe IN
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STRATegIeS foR ImPRoVINg WheAT ReSI
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deVeLoPmeNT of ISogeNIC LINeS foR R
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BReedINg STRATegIeS foR fuSARIum he
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INCReASed ToLeRANCe To WheAT PoWdeR
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The homoeoLogouS RegIoNS oN LoNg AR
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WAyS To ImPRoVe Weed ComPeTITIVe AB
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fhB ReSISTANT modeL VARIeTy of NoRT
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mININg A CoLLeCTIoN of WheAT LANdRA
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IdeNTIfICATIoN of SouRCeS of ReSIST
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ChARACTeRIzATIoN of STem RuST ReSIS
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The 2 nd generation slow-rusters ha
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virus complex present across the fi
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During the same years grain quality
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mAPPINg of AduLT PLANT STem RuST Re
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IdeNTIfICATIoN of geNeTIC ReSISTANC
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APPLyINg mALe STeRILITy medIATed mA
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etween these parameters, indicating
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the field and one in pots placed ou
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ReSeARCh oN INheRITANCe of yeLLoW R
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ReSISTANCe BReedINg AgAINST LeAf SP
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PoWdeRy mILdeW ANd LeAf RuST ReSIST
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oLd CzeCh WheAT CuLTIVARS AS A NeW
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isk will vary depending on the path
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to a number of countries including
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geNeTIC dIVeRSITy of The fuNgAL Whe
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accessions, producing durum wheat w
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ReLATIoNShIPS BeTWeeN fuSARIum heAd
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PoPuLATIoN STRuCTuRe of PuCCINIA TR
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LeAf RuST ReSISTANCe geNeS LR10, LR
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ComBININg WheAT RuST ANd fuSARIum h
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LeAf RuST ReSISTANCe geNe LR67, A T
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STATuS of WheAT PAThoSySTemS fRom 1
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WkS1 (WheAT kINASe START) LImITS gR
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quANTITATIVe TRAIT LoCI foR ReSISTA
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geNeTIC ANALySIS of STem RuST ReSIS
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geNeTIC ImPRoVemeNT of WheAT ReSIST
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ChARACTeRIzATIoN of A NoVeL gLuTeNI
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effeCT of WheAT CuLTIVARS oN VARIAB
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dIVeRSITy of geNeS of ReSISTANCe To
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TAke-ALL ReSISTANCe of euRoPeAN WIN
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dISCoVeRy of TWo quANTITATIVe ReSIS
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Parula had leaf rust severity betwe
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quANTITATIVe PCR AS A TooL foR TILL
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quANTITATIVe TRAIT LoCI ASSoCIATed
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gLoBAL INITIATIVeS foR mANAgemeNT o
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deoxyNIVALeNoL LeVeL IN WheAT gRAIN
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VIRuLeNCe STRuCTuRe of The WheAT ST
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ReLeASe STem RuST ReSISTANT VARIeTI
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AN ASSoCIATIoN geNeTICS APPRoACh To
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cantly greater number of lines (59)
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The INTRoduCTIoN INTo WINTeR WheAT
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effeCTIVe yeLLoW RuST ReSISTANCe ge
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geNeTICS of ReSISTANCe To RACe TTkS
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partially resistant as these genoty
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The moST ImPoRTANT WheAT dISeASeS I
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SPRINg WheAT BReedINg foR LeAf ANd
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CommoN RooT RoT ReACTIoN IN A dIVeR
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hAPLoTyPe ANd ASSoCIATIoN ANALySeS
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IdeNTIfICATIoN of A NeW ReSISTANCe
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mARkeR-ASSISTed SeLeCTIoN foR LeAf
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ReACTIoN of ToLeRANT WheAT geNoTyPe
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that changes in the composition of
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deVeLoPmeNT of PCR-BASed mARkeRS fo
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BIoCoNTRoL of fuSARIum heAd BLIghT
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ImPRoVINg WheAT STRIPe RuST ReSISTA
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BReedINg AduLT PLANT ReSISTANCe To
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improve localisation of QTL positio
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ContRibutions of CRoP Physiology to
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ToWARdS The uNdeRSTANdINg of geNeTI
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SPIke gRoWTh ReguLATINg RATe of deA
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quANTIfyINg hoW WINTeR WheAT CRoPS
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domeSTIC WheAT PRoduCTIoN ANd fuTuR
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for genetic enhancement through int
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IdeNTIfICATIoN of duRum WheAT geNoT
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GPC varied significantly by effect
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geNeTIC VARIABILITy of NITRogeN uSe
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effICIeNCy ANd ChALLeNgeS of PReCIS
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AChIeVemeNTS of WheAT BReedINg AT d
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vs. 7.8 in S1). Grain number explai
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ImPACT of CImmyT PRogRAmS oN WheAT
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gRAIN yIeLd ANd quALITy of WINTeR W
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BReedINg of WheAT IN kyRgyzSTAN ANd
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WheAT fLoReT deVeLoPmeNT IN ReSPoNS
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IdeNTIfyINg NoVeL TRAITS ANd geNeTI
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IdeNTIfICATIoN of TRAITS To ImPRoVe
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geNoTyPe ANd TeSTINg SITe eVALuATIo
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dWARfINg (RhT) ANd PhoToPeRIod INSe
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SeLeCTINg WINTeR WheAT geNoTyPeS fo
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APPLICATIoN of geNoTyPe x eNVIRoNme
Page 384 and 385: ReSeARCh AdVANCe of The ChoNgqINg-T
Page 386 and 387: INTeRNAL moRPhoLogICAL ChANgeS of f
Page 388 and 389: geNeTIC PRogReSS IN WheAT yIeLd ANd
Page 390 and 391: WheAT BReedINg IN TAJIkISTAN Muminj
Page 392 and 393: yIeLd ANd Some PhySIoLogICAL ChARAC
Page 394 and 395: CRoP yIeLd IN duRum WheAT ANd The P
Page 396 and 397: SySTem APPRoACh To ANALySIS of yIeL
Page 398 and 399: ChANgeS of SPIke ARChITeCTuRe duRIN
Page 400 and 401: to that of Sr36 cultivars. The powd
Page 402 and 403: seed is produced by breeders of the
Page 404 and 405: effeCTS of SPeCIfIC RhT ANd PPd ALL
Page 406 and 407: mAIN dIReCTIoNS of AdAPTIVe BReedIN
Page 408 and 409: PhoToPeRIod SeNSITIVITy IN duRum Wh
Page 410 and 411: elongatum through cultivar Teewon,
Page 412 and 413: increase yield above 30% or 9.755t/
Page 414 and 415: mostly was used to synthesize prote
Page 416 and 417: geNomIC TeChNoLogIeS ANd ReSouRCeS
Page 418 and 419: NeW BReedINg TooLS ImPACT CANAdIAN
Page 420 and 421: geNoTyPIC STRuCTuReS of The CImmyT
Page 422 and 423: INSeRTIoN SITe-BASed PoLymoRPhISm (
Page 424 and 425: has been established at the Nationa
Page 426 and 427: geNomIC ABuNdANCe of VARIouS SImPLe
Page 428 and 429: STRuCTuRAL ReARRANgemeNTS of WheAT
Page 430 and 431: geNeRAL STATISTICAL PoWeR of NeSTed
Page 432 and 433: LoCALIzATIoN of qTLS foR AgRoNomIC
Page 436 and 437: PoPuLATIoN STRuCTuRe IN A CoRe CoLL
Page 438 and 439: was observed. Cultivars that belong
Page 440 and 441: A QTL was considered to be “stabl
Page 442 and 443: deVeLoPINg A ReCuRReNT SeLeCTIoN PR
Page 444 and 445: hIgh effICIeNCy TRANSfoRmATIoN of h
Page 446 and 447: deTeCTIoN of dNA PoLymoRPhISmS ASSo
Page 448 and 449: IdeNTIfICATIoN ANd ANALySIS of TAWR
Page 450 and 451: geNeTIC modIfICATIoN of PhoToSyNThe
Page 452 and 453: isolated were mapped to the chromos
Page 454 and 455: stress. Transgenic Arabidopsis plan
Page 456 and 457: geRmPLASm eNhANCemeNT ANd NeW VARIe
Page 458 and 459: (174%) than in pedigree schemes (21
Page 460 and 461: moLeCuLAR CyTogeNeTIC ChARACTeRIzAT
Page 462 and 463: PhySIoLogICAL ANd BIoChemICAL APPRo
Page 464 and 465: ChARACTeRIzATIoN of The geNeTIC VAR
Page 466 and 467: ToWARdS A PhySICAL mAP of SST1, A m
Page 468 and 469: effICIeNT INCoRPoRATIoN of AduLT PL
Page 470 and 471: deVeLoPmeNT ANd APPLICATIoN of TRIT
Page 472 and 473: uSe of hIgh moLeCuLAR WeIghT gLuTeN
Page 474 and 475: foRmATIoN of geNeTIC VARIABILITy AT
Page 476 and 477: group were rough with difficult thr
Page 478 and 479: VALIdATIoN of 86 moLeCuLAR mARkeRS
Page 480 and 481: genetiC vARiAtion of gli-2 in kAzAk
Page 482 and 483: of DNA sequence variations sometime
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VARIABILITy of SALINITy ToLeRANCe R
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484
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ImPRoVINg The heALTh BeNefITS of Wh
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hARVeSTPLuS: A gLoBAL effoRT To INC
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deVeLoPmeNT of WheAT geNoTyPeS WITh
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dyNAmIC ChANge of gRAIN SugAR, STAR
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component analysis performed on qua
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associated to the cultivar effect.
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and diversity associated with quali
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levels. It suggests that it is easi
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geNeTIC VARIABILITy of duRum WheAT
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uTILIzATIoN of oLd WheAT VARIeTIeS
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The effeCTS of gPC-B1 oN gRAIN PRoT
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ISoLATIoN of dIffeReNTIALLy exPReSS
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eVALuATIoN meThod foR quALITy ChARA
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in 14 out of 41 specifications (34.
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and no significant effect of Glu-A3
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PSy-A1 ALLeLeS ANd oTheR geNeS CoNT
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mAPPINg qTLS foR LIPoxygeNASe ACTIV
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The mean value of LV at low N rate
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CuRReNT STATuS ANd PeRSPeCTIVeS foR
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INTeRACTIoN effeCTS of eNVIRoNmeNTA
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this study). In terms of gluten str
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Second problem that had to be solve
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dough VISCo-eLASTIC PRoPeRTIeS of R
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gRAIN quALITy of WINTeR WheAT CuLTI
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BReedINg WheAT foR hIgh ToCoL CoNTe
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qTL ANALySIS of PRINCIPAL ANd ePIST
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PRedICTIoN of BAkINg quALITy By SoL
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Ukraine has two geographical-climat
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acid between 16 and 21 mg/g, vanill
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Raweta cv. by 10%. Grains of invest
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for both traits. Besides, group of
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Five pairs of epistatic effects wer
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odies, which could form either by d
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References Lewis S., Bullrich L., K
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BReedINg foR eNhANCed gRAIN-zINC AN
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geNomIC ANd PRoTeomIC STudIeS of gL
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558
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© 2010, N.I. Vavilov Research Inst
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INTERRELATIONSHIPS OF AGRONOMIC CHA
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MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS OF GENETIC DI
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A METHOD OF ASSESSING SPIKE FERTILI
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IDENTIFICATION OF LMW GLUTENIN SUBU
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8th INTERNATIONAL WHEAT CONFERENCE

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