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SPACECRAIT AND I.AIJNCII SIISlT.MS FOR TACSAT APPLICATIONS
1. SWfbUMARY
Theabilityofn~ticnlraaUik(TACSAT)apcc~nyr~mto lulfill
its mission cpplicotion with the deskd cnpnhility. responsiveness.
rcliability and survivability. while at tb m e lime ochieving
low cost ohjectivcs. is a trrmendow chdlrnne thnt can only
be met if 011 of tho system scegmentn - launch ope hnd ground -
conlrihute to meeting mission unique requiremenlo. Tlte emerging
CO~KPF~E Pm the dcvekymenf deployment o d bperntion of
cost-effectiw TACSAT iystems are enpxinlly dependent
on tab flexibility and operability of their launch lvchklc anJ
spacccrnn bug systcms. Omital Sciences Cmpotion (OS
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2. INlT2ODWCIION 1: : .
The world today is a different and chdging plecc. charactcrikd
by dramatic and rapidly evolving new geoplitkol. ecomic and
national security structures and relationship. In reaponm. the
United States' and its allies' national militmy ntrategicr and
nationnl security infmshuclurer that sup+ @cm must now
depm fm the principks that have shaped ban since the end of
WorldwarXL Tbs+ :tratcgksandinfrartturerz, whichevolved
Ir, contain Ihe sped of Communism and &tar Soviet aggression.
must now shin dramatically to focus on regional crimr and wan.
The threats of this new world can he hot chorccteri~~d M
unpredictable andcomplex -where will theywcw. b w fast must
he the rapre. what will he the sophisticotion lcvcl of Ihc
wcapons. who are the cornhatants. whnt ure tlae political a d
militarygoals,etc? TheUni~dStater'miIitcr1,~~orceobucturr for
employment rgrinrt these threats will ',e chmctterixed by fcwcr
in number. more cost-effective ryrtcins. fewm forward-basal
cknmts. and much lower utiveduty manpower.
hopcrationd iinperatives to aresvd in &,&filoymcntof
these forces will be chmckritcd by: (I) "ooJn~~'w'.you are"
conllict wenarioa: (2) renponse to rapidly unPolCk$&im wi!h
a few critical cngogcments; (3) long-range application of power;
CRrin Scb&
GilM D. Rye
Rolrpm PO. Memr
OrMtnl Scienccn CorgornibdSpw Systems
141 I9 suiiyriErf Circb
P.O. Box IWO
Cbantfily. VA 22021
20- 1
(4) high kvels of responsivewrs and flcxihility for nll systems;
(5) situationd awvareneoo on n non-linear battlefield: (6) maneu-
verability: (7) coupling of national and thcatcr lcvcls of com-
mand. control. and intelligence: and finally (8)joint international
operations.
Some of our first insights into this new world of tomorrow's
conflicts come from analysis of results of Ihc Gulf War. One of
the most dmmstic wns thc importance of spacc systcms to all
aspects of Ihc planning. execution. and succcss of this war.
Current rpocc systema. which had evolved in supprt of the cold
war and strategic requiremcnLs. were called upn to provide
direct suppod to lactical wnrfighters. Mnny high-lcvcl mililary
ond civilian le&s characterized the conflict as thc first "space
war" - a war in which space systems were ahsolutcly csscntial to
both the execution of the conflict and its success.
The copabiliticsof thcse cumnt spce systems to support n broad
spcctnm of wtical warfare mission arcas was impressive can-
sidcring their heritage. Rut in many cases. their lack of flcxil~ility
and msponaivcnesr imprdd their prformahcc. If the six months
prior to the conflict had not hccn avnilnhlc to significantly adjust
and mndify their rpncc-hasd architccturcs and ground systcms,
the level of support would have ken significontly dcgrdcd.
Also. if the conflict had cxtcndd in time. somc spacc nssck
would have prohahly necdal iinmedialc rcphccmcnt - which
would bave hacn very difficult due to the rcspnnsivcncrs and
availability of spacecraft and launch vchiclcs.
These and other lessons from thc Gulf Wnr on space systems
suppod to the tactical user will he the rtimulur for the entire
national security community to re-evaluate thc warfighting rc-
quiremcnts for future spaa systems and the infrastructurc nccdcd
to mcct these requirements. Thc resulting futurc spacc systcms
will no doubt include TACSAT systems that will ernphasi7~
flexibility. responsiveness and cost-cffcctivcncss in mccting thc
changing US. and Allied national security rcquircriicnh. Mnny
of the otkr papers in thir symposium will prohohly wldrcss thc
wchitcctures. rquiremcnts. BEnSOr syatcm. ground sySlCmS and
employment strekgicr for Uicse systems. Orhitil Scienccs Cor-
porrlion hae developed two launch vehicles nnd o spacccraft-hu.u
tho1 will provide flcxihle. responsive and costeffcctive launch
and on-orbit prfonnnce for future TACSAT systcms.
3. PBGkWS
3.1 Uatdcocgba
XK flight-proven Pegorus air-launched space bster (Figure I ;
pvides n costiffective. reliable, niid flenihlc means for dcliv.
hunted at the AGARD Avionics Panel's Sympmium on 'TACSATS I*)R SURVEII.L.ANCR. VERIIICATION ond C.71".
DNI~I. Belgium. 19 - 22 October. 1992.
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