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Trtarasiaiaand Pnogramme (MTP) mud
bridges to &I to the l,Meacoz~: !bcond
(~CXI~RIM~~IE td SG) as disc'wed ian section
3.3. A historicad review of elm Mefiemat
Frog~me clppl $e found i$ rcfepewce 1.
Meteosmt is a spin-stabilised aaaellite
whose axis of rotation is ali ncd with the
Mh's NJOhPh-kUrPR PoleS. h e est west
san is achieved through ,the romaion of
the satellite and the north soanUh scan is
accomplished by a scanning mirror.
The key parameters of Metecosat are
summmxd in table 2.
Meteosat has three ke roles. Fi~s~ly, it
~ovides images of the
b
k arth at Qowgitude
which are then transmitted 00 t pound
processing station. Its second rsne is to
distribute the processed dlda~ag ~o user
stqtions ix?. thirdly, it provides P point of
data coliecoion and distribution from
other meteorological stations.
The raw data is processed au a ground
station and the following information is
derived:
!
- cloudmotion and winds i
- sea-surface temperatures
- cloud top height maps
- cloud coverage data /'
- prccipieation indices
The rmwd images are trw&ttcd, via
the R etcosat down-link cPamnne8, il
transmission rate of 2400 b/o. Thc
resolution of the processed irn~~c~s is
lower than that of the radiometer.
TypicdB , he cloud top hei ha ~TIB are
resolve d on a site of 20Em whiba the
grid for be other parameters is 2fTQkrn.
Meteorno mm rises three srv;cwd bands,
one visible m 6! tw~ iIW bands. visible
channel is wed IC' pitwide high wsIPUaneion
cloud imasgss during daylight. Thc ahemal
PW w band prrovides ima es com~iun~orasly
since io relies on the t emaR rpediinnce
from the clouds. The IR WV shsmocl
rovides on atmospheric distribaoalisn of
Rumidity in cloud free regions glund also
provides images of cloud tops.
Two detector units are used, orme for the
visible chmel and one which mmbinces
the PR wv md IR. The deteaom m SMCR
are singk e!ernent devices wish V G hi ~
(quantum-limited) erforninamce, t I? e
layout being illustrate B in Figwe 2
33-3
MSG is the replbnwment qstem for the
payload desip~ in the operational and
trmltritiound pro rmmes. It cow rises
WBQP~
wavebmd c f amels in the & and
and has mddphe mow spectral bmds
in the visible s ectpum. Like MOP and
MTP, the MS 8 satellite system will be
s in stabilised, with a spin-rate of lUUrpm.
8round resolution is improved
co~~espndh to 1.4b in the visible and
4.8b in the %W and IPB.
A notable fcamre of the ro osed system
is that it produces a fulp &! imay in 12
minutes. The calibration and stab1 isation
time is 3 minutes and the subsequent
repeat cycle is 15 minutes.
3.4 DMSP
The DMSP (Defense Meteorological
Satellite Programme) is a US military
pro ramme comprising two orbitin
sate P lites. The pli ht histor), of the DMS
t!
began in 1965 ut remained classified
until the inid-70's. The satellite operates
in a heliosynchronous orbit of altitude of
ap roxirnaoel 800 km and is a 3-axis
orm.
sta e ilised plat I
The DMSP satellites contain three
B ayloa&. The fino of these is the OLS
Operational Einescan S
rcovides visible and IX
F he second inastmme~t
(Specid SQWJOP Microwave / Imager)
wRic$ gives idomfion on
water vapour, SODOW mer an
ice. The thkd insummcnt
Sensor Microwave / \:r$:km) and this provides surface
temperatures, vertical moisture and
temperature profiles.
From the few examples described in
section 3, it can be stated that present
meteordogid system arc capable of
measuring many of the parameters
indicated in the requirements review of
section 2
The concept of the five GEO satellites
which provide global coverage is
appdhng POP potential TACSAT systems
sincc continuous monitoring of a ground
&f