APPENDICES. A systematic review and economic model of the ...

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Appendix 12
Core symptoms Educational performance Quality of life Adverse events
STESS (parents)
Frequency (%) for sleep problem/appetite
decrease/crying/sadness/unhappiness/anger/headaches/
increased thirst/dry mouth/nausea/stomach
aches/shakiness:
MPH, standard:
41.1/15.8/15.8/10.5/5.3/10.5/10.5/0.0/0.0/5.3/5.3/0.0
MPH, SR:
36.8/36.8/21.0/0.0/21.0/31.6/10.5/5.3/0.0/0.0/0.0/0.0
MPH, standard + SR:
63.2/26.3/26.3/0.0/15.8/26.3/5.3/0.0/0.0/0.0/0.0/5.3
Placebo:
15.8/5.3/31.6/5.3/26.3/42.1/10.5/10.5/0.0/0.0/0.0/0.0
Sleep problems increased with MPH:
F(93,42) = 5.38, p < 0.01 (only significant for
combined versus placebo)
No significant differences for other side-effects
Not reported Parent comments ratings
MPH, standard: 0.17 (0.44)
MPH, SR: –0.05 (0.55)
MPH, standard + SR: 0.18 (0.41)
Placebo: –0.43 (0.42)
Teacher comments ratings
MPH, standard: 0.19 (0.48)
MPH, SR: 0.20 (0.44)
MPH, standard + SR: 0.40 (0.37)
Placebo: –0.40 (0.54)
TOTS Attention: F(3,42) = 17.19,
p < 0.0001 (Patients were rated by
both teachers and parents as behaving
better in all MPH conditions than
placebo, but MPH conditions did not
differ from one another)
Conners’ Hyperactivity Index (parents) ( ?mean,
?SD)
(range 0–3, lower scores = better behaviour)
MPH, standard: 0.96 (0.50)
MPH, sustained release (SR): 0.98 (0.72)
MPH, standard + SR: 0.81 (0.46)
Placebo: 1.75 (0.67)
Wilcoxon pairwise comparisons did not identify
significant differences among MPH conditions,
but indicated that placebo was ranked lower
than all of the active conditions (all p < 0.006)
Weight (kg)
MPH, standard: 31.41 (6.82)
MPH, SR: 31.59 (7.25)
MPH, standard + SR: 31.33 (7.00)
Placebo: 31.94 (7.39)
F(3,41)=10.29, p < 0.0006 (Placebo weights
significantly higher than combined and standard)
Parent improvement rankings
MPH, standard: 2.18 (0.78)
MPH, SR: 2.16 (1.09)
MPH, standard + SR: 1.87 (0.86)
Placebo: 3.79 (0.38)
2 (3) = 25.97, p < 0.0001 (No
differences among MPH conditions, but
placebo ranked lower than all active
conditions: all p < 0.006)
Conners’ Hyperactivity Index (teacher)
(range 0–3, lower scores = better behaviour)
MPH, standard: 0.73 (0.65)
MPH, SR: 0.77 (0.63)
MPH, standard + SR: 0.58 (0.40)
Placebo: 1.36 (0.80)
Conners’ Hyperactivity: F (3,42) = 21.96,
p < 0.0001 (Patients were rated by both
teachers and parents behaving better in all MPH
conditions than placebo, but MPH conditions
did not differ from one another)
IOWA Inattention/Overactivity Scale (parents)
(range 0–3, lower scores = better behaviour)
MPH, standard: 1.01 (0.46)
MPH, SR: 0.98 (0.61)
MPH, standard + SR: 0.79 (0.48)
Placebo: 1.90 (0.63)
IOWA Inattention/Overactivity Scale (teacher)
(range 0–3, lower scores = better behaviour)
MPH, standard: 0.87 (0.63)
MPH, SR: 0.92 (0.68)
MPH, standard + SR: 0.70 (0.56)
Placebo: 1.65 (0.90)
IOWA Inattention/Overactivity Scale:
F(3,42) = 23.82, p < 0.0001 (Patients were
rated by both teachers and parents as behaving
better in all MPH conditions than placebo, but
MPH conditions did not differ from one another)
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