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COMMUNAL FASTS 129
The word (also translated as 'fast') appears or is reconstructed
with a similar meaning in several other texts. In CD 6:18-19, the
members of the covenantal community are requested
and to observe the Sabbath day in its exact details, and the appointed
times and the day of the fast as it was found by those who entered
into the new covenant in the land of Damascus. 10
It would seem, from the context, that the reference in this instance
is to Yom Kippur, since 'the day of the fast' is supposed to conclude
the list, 'Sabbath and appointed times,' 11 thus making Yom
Kippur an extremely suitable candidate.
The word appears twice in the Psalms Pesher.
Qumran from Within (Jerusalem: Magnes Press; Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1989), 186-99;
Nitzan, Pesher Habakkuk, 135-36, 190-91, and the studies cited ad loc.
9
Thus the reading of most of the editions of the CD. See for example the reading
of Schwartz, Damascus Document, War Scroll, and Related Documents, 25—26, and his
translation "as it was found." The Historical Dictionary of the Hebrew Language (Jerusalem:
Academy of the Hebrew Language, 1988), microfiche (Hebrew), reads and
P. R. Davies, in his The Damascus Covenant: An Interpretation of the "Damascus Document,"
JSOTSup 25 (Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1983), 248, reads M. Broshi, ed., The
Damascus Document Reconsidered (Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society and the Shrine
of Book, Israel Museum, 1992), 21, reads and notes that this has the meaning
(= according to the commandment). See also: L. H. Schiffman, The
Halakhah at Qumran, SJLA 16 (Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1975), 35-36 and n. 87. In contrast,
A. M. Habermann, Megilloth Midbar Yehuda: The Scrolls from the Judean Desert
(Tel Aviv: Machbarot Le-sifruth, 1959), 80 (Hebrew), reads
10
Schwartz's translation in Damascus Document, War Scroll, and Related Documents, 25.
11
Similarly, Yom Kippur appears also at the end of the series of Sabbath and
festivals in 11QPs 27:7-8:
I thank Prof. S. Talmon for this reference.
12
J. M. Allegro, ed., Qumran Cave 4.1 (4Q158-4Q186), DJDJ 5 (Oxford: Clarendon
Press, 1968), 43, reads but in an earlier publication, "A Newly-Discovered
Fragment of a Commentary on Psalms XXXVII from Qumran," PEQ 68 (1954):
71-73, he reads as do many other scholars (see Nitzan, Pesher Habakkuk, 135
n. 42). After the discovery of additional appearances of the editors of DJD
also reverted to reading in this and the following quotation; see M. Baillet,
ed., Qumran Grotte 4.III (4Q482-4Q520), DJD 7 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1982),
179, and elsewhere.
13
Here as well Allegro reconstructed in his first publication; however, in
this case, his second reconstruction seems preferable, because these words are a
commentary on the clause in the verse: See the review of