The Australian Immunisation Handbook 10th Edition 2013

and males 9–26 years); use of HPV vaccine in males up to the age of 45 years
is unlikely to be associated with immunogenicity or adverse events that differ
from those observed in females. However, the benefit of HPV vaccination
is optimal when delivered to children or young adolescents prior to sexual
debut (see 4.6 Human papillomavirus).
• Pneumococcal disease, both respiratory and invasive (IPD), is a frequent
cause of morbidity in HIV-infected children and adults (see List 4.13.1 in
4.13 Pneumococcal disease). 133 Children should be vaccinated initially with
pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (13vPCV); the number of doses depends
on age at diagnosis and vaccination history (see Table 2.1.11 Catch-up
schedule for 13vPCV (Prevenar 13) and 23vPPV (Pneumovax 23) in children with
a medical condition(s) associated with an increased risk of IPD, presenting at age
5 years and adults, a single dose of 13vPCV
is recommended, followed by 23vPPV; repeat doses of 23vPPV are also
indicated. See 4.13 Pneumococcal disease for details.
• Annual influenza vaccination is recommended in all HIV-infected
adults and children (≥6 months of age). In HIV-infected persons who are
immunocompromised and children