The Australian Immunisation Handbook 10th Edition 2013

More documents

Recommendations

Info

» Vaccinate the subject using SC injection of a 5 µg (0.1 mL) dose instead of a 25 µg (0.5 mL) dose of the vaccine. If there are no adverse events (e.g. severe local induration or severe systemic effects, perhaps accompanied by fever) 48 hours after the injection, a further 0.4 mL (20 µg) dose of the vaccine is given within the next 2 to 3 weeks, that is, before the development of cell-mediated immunity to the 1st dose. Table 4.15.1: Interpretation and action for serological and skin test results (with modifications from A guide to Q fever and Q fever vaccination (CSL Biotherapies, 2009) 6 ) Serology Skin test Interpretation/Action Positive antibody test* Any skin test result Sensitised: do not vaccinate Equivocal antibody test † Negative antibody test # Positive ‡ Borderline § or Negative Positive Borderline Negative 350 The Australian Immunisation Handbook 10th edition Sensitised: do not vaccinate Indeterminate (see above) Sensitised: do not vaccinate Indeterminate (see above) Non-immune: vaccinate * Positive antibody test: CF antibody or IFA positive (according to criteria used by diagnosing laboratory [see above]; or definite positive EIA absorbance value (according to manufacturer’s instructions) † Equivocal antibody test: CF antibody or IFA equivocal (according to criteria used by diagnosing laboratory); or equivocal EIA absorbance value (according to manufacturer’s instructions) ‡ Positive skin test: induration present § Borderline skin test: induration just palpable Negative skin test: no induration # Negative antibody test: CF antibody or IFA negative (according to criteria used by diagnosing laboratory); or definite negative EIA absorbance value (according to manufacturer’s instructions) Booster doses Immunity produced by the vaccine appears to be long-lasting (in excess of 5 years). Until further information becomes available, revaccination or booster doses of the vaccine are not recommended because of the risk of accentuated local adverse events. 4.15.8 Pregnancy and breastfeeding Q fever vaccine is not routinely recommended for pregnant or breastfeeding women. Q fever vaccine contains inactivated products; inactivated bacterial vaccines are not considered to be harmful in pregnancy. However, safety of the vaccine in pregnancy has not been established. No information is available on the use of Q fever vaccine during breastfeeding.
Refer to 3.3 Groups with special vaccination requirements, Table 3.3.1 Recommendations for vaccination in pregnancy for more information. 4.15.9 Contraindications Q fever vaccine is contraindicated in the following groups: • persons with a history of laboratory-confirmed Q fever, or with medical documentation that supports a previous diagnosis of Q fever • persons shown to be immune by either serological testing or sensitivity to the organism by skin testing • persons who have been previously vaccinated against Q fever • persons with known hypersensitivity to egg proteins or any component of the vaccine (Q-Vax may contain traces of egg protein and formalin). 40 There is no information available on the accuracy of skin testing or the efficacy and safety of Q fever vaccine use in persons who are immunocompromised. In general, skin testing and Q fever vaccine should be avoided in such persons. There are no data on the safety or efficacy of Q fever vaccine in children. Q fever vaccine is not recommended for use in those aged
Page 1 and 2:
The Australian Immunisation Handboo
Page 3 and 4:
FOREWORD Since 1932, when Governmen
Page 5 and 6:
TABLE OF CONTENTS PART 1 INTRODUCTI
Page 7 and 8:
LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1.1: Pre-vac
Page 9 and 10:
List 4.13.1: Conditions associated
Page 11 and 12:
PREFACE The 10th edition of The Aus
Page 13 and 14:
Secretariat support, Australian Tec
Page 15 and 16:
PART 1 INTRODUCTION TO THE AUSTRALI
Page 17 and 18:
1.2 DEVELOPMENT OF THE 10TH EDITION
Page 19 and 20:
1.3 HOW TO USE THE 10TH EDITION HAN
Page 21 and 22:
1.4 WHAT’S NEW All chapters have
Page 23 and 24:
2.2 Administration of vaccines •
Page 25 and 26:
• The section on vaccination of p
Page 27 and 28:
4.6 Human papillomavirus • HPV va
Page 29 and 30:
• For Aboriginal and Torres Strai
Page 31 and 32:
Part 5 Passive immunisation • Inf
Page 33 and 34:
without the harmful consequences of
Page 35 and 36:
(vaccine failure). Often such infec
Page 37 and 38:
will occur following receipt of a s
Page 39 and 40:
cases, both the doctor issuing the
Page 41 and 42:
Should a child or adolescent refuse
Page 43 and 44:
• check that the correct time int
Page 45 and 46:
Note: Please discuss this informati
Page 47 and 48:
Condition or circumstance of person
Page 49 and 50:
Condition or circumstance of person
Page 51 and 52:
Table 2.1.3: Live attenuated parent
Page 53 and 54:
An online ‘catch-up calculator’
Page 55 and 56:
Use of serological testing to guide
Page 57 and 58:
• For some vaccines, catch-up vac
Page 59 and 60:
Figure 2.1.1: Catch-up worksheet fo
Page 61 and 62:
Vaccine Minimum age for 1st dose in
Page 63 and 64:
Table 2.1.6: Number of vaccine dose
Page 65 and 66:
Catch-up guidelines for individual
Page 67 and 68:
If 13vPCV is not available, and 10v
Page 69 and 70:
Previous vaccination history 2 prev
Page 71 and 72:
PART 2 VACCINATION PROCEDURES 57 Ta
Page 73 and 74:
PART 2 VACCINATION PROCEDURES 59 Ta
Page 75 and 76:
Catch-up schedules for persons ≥1
Page 77 and 78:
For additional details on these rec
Page 79 and 80:
2.2 ADMINISTRATION OF VACCINES 2.2.
Page 81 and 82:
• Never freeze a vaccine after it
Page 83 and 84:
PART 2 VACCINATION PROCEDURES 69 In
Page 85 and 86:
2.2.5 Vaccine injection techniques
Page 87 and 88:
Interruption to a vaccination If th
Page 89 and 90:
2.2.7 Positioning for vaccination I
Page 91 and 92:
Children ≥12 months of age Cuddle
Page 93 and 94:
2.2.8 Identifying the injection sit
Page 95 and 96:
• Place the palm over the greater
Page 97 and 98:
2.2.9 Administering multiple vaccin
Page 99 and 100:
2.3 POST-VACCINATION 2.3.1 Immediat
Page 101 and 102:
Management of an immediate adverse
Page 103 and 104:
Management of anaphylaxis Rapid IM
Page 105 and 106:
Autoinjectors are generally not app
Page 107 and 108:
Australia. 16 This vaccine is no lo
Page 109 and 110:
Any serious or unexpected adverse e
Page 111 and 112:
Consumers and immunisation service
Page 113 and 114:
When relevant, immunisation service
Page 115 and 116:
National Human Papillomavirus Vacci
Page 117 and 118:
Immunisation service providers enro
Page 119 and 120:
PART 3 VACCINATION FOR SPECIAL RISK
Page 121 and 122:
Thus, a vaccine to prevent Hib dise
Page 123 and 124:
3.1.2 Adults Hepatitis B Indigenous
Page 125 and 126:
een low in younger Indigenous adult
Page 127 and 128:
3.2 VACCINATION FOR INTERNATIONAL T
Page 129 and 130:
• vaccination history (including
Page 131 and 132:
departure to allow for the period w
Page 133 and 134:
Selected vaccines based on travel i
Page 135 and 136:
Tick-borne encephalitis Tick-borne
Page 137 and 138:
Page 139 and 140:
Page 141 and 142:
3.2.5 Vaccinating the traveller wit
Page 143 and 144:
• Travel health and quarantine se
Page 145 and 146:
whether the AEFI is likely to recur
Page 147 and 148:
(see Appendix 1 Contact details for
Page 149 and 150:
Page 151 and 152:
Page 153 and 154:
Page 155 and 156:
Page 157 and 158:
avoided, except in situations where
Page 159 and 160:
3.3.3 Vaccination of immunocompromi
Page 161 and 162:
Use of live viral or live bacterial
Page 163 and 164:
Influenza vaccination is recommende
Page 165 and 166:
Page 167 and 168:
Page 169 and 170:
Haematopoietic stem cell transplant
Page 171 and 172:
Vaccine Months after HSCT Comments
Page 173 and 174:
depending on the number of vaccines
Page 175 and 176:
Persons with functional or anatomic
Page 177 and 178:
Table 3.3.5: Recommendations for va
Page 179 and 180:
Persons with autoimmune diseases an
Page 181 and 182:
Table 3.3.6: Recommended intervals
Page 183 and 184:
3.3.7 Vaccination of persons at occ
Page 185 and 186:
Occupation Vaccine Providers of hom
Page 187 and 188:
against certain vaccine-preventable
Page 189 and 190:
3.3.11 Vaccination of persons who i
Page 191 and 192:
waters. All cases of cholera report
Page 193 and 194:
Children aged 2-6 years Three doses
Page 195 and 196:
4.1.11 Adverse events The inactivat
Page 197 and 198:
4.2.4 Vaccines Diphtheria toxoid is
Page 199 and 200:
• Adacel - Sanofi Pasteur Pty Ltd
Page 201 and 202:
antibodies at an age when waning of
Page 203 and 204:
children aged
Page 205 and 206:
4.3 HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE TYPE B 4
Page 207 and 208:
• Hiberix - GlaxoSmithKline (PRP-
Page 209 and 210:
4.3.7 Recommendations Infants A Hib
Page 211 and 212:
4.3.11 Public health management of
Page 213 and 214:
In recent years, hepatitis A notifi
Page 215 and 216:
Inactivated hepatitis A vaccines ar
Page 217 and 218:
Co-administration with other vaccin
Page 219 and 220:
Recommendations for the use of comb
Page 221 and 222:
4.4.10 Adverse events The most comm
Page 223 and 224:
4.5.3 Epidemiology The prevalence o
Page 225 and 226:
4.5.4 Vaccines Monovalent hepatitis
Page 227 and 228:
For older children and young adults
Page 229 and 230:
Vaccine Age of vaccine recipient Do
Page 231 and 232:
Combination hepatitis A/hepatitis B
Page 233 and 234:
Management of infants born to mothe
Page 235 and 236:
Household or other close (household
Page 237 and 238:
with occult hepatitis B infection.
Page 239 and 240:
immune memory persists and is thoug
Page 241 and 242:
to suggest that a higher proportion
Page 243 and 244:
Table 4.5.3: Post-exposure prophyla
Page 245 and 246:
4.6 HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS 4.6.1 Viro
Page 247 and 248:
women. The prevalence of high-risk
Page 249 and 250:
• Gardasil - CSL Limited/Merck &
Page 251 and 252:
If scheduled doses have been missed
Page 253 and 254:
However, some adult males may gain
Page 255 and 256:
4.6.9 Contraindications The only ab
Page 257 and 258:
4.7 INFLUENZA 4.7.1 Virology The in
Page 259 and 260:
Figure 4.7.1: Influenza notificatio
Page 261 and 262:
Always check annual seasonal influe
Page 263 and 264:
7.5 µg of viral haemagglutinin (in
Page 265 and 266:
Table 4.7.1: Recommended doses of i
Page 267 and 268:
• Chronic respiratory conditions,
Page 269 and 270:
Residents of residential aged care
Page 271 and 272:
influenza vaccine prior to administ
Page 273 and 274:
4.8 JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS 4.8.1 Vir
Page 275 and 276:
28 days following vaccination with
Page 277 and 278:
When using JEspect in children aged
Page 279 and 280:
4.8.8 Pregnancy and breastfeeding I
Page 281 and 282:
4.9 MEASLES 4.9.1 Virology Measles
Page 283 and 284:
4.9.4 Vaccines Monovalent measles v
Page 285 and 286:
4.9.6 Dosage and administration The
Page 287 and 288:
Table 4.9.1: Recommendations for me
Page 289 and 290:
increase in adverse events from vac
Page 291 and 292:
Immunoglobulin or blood product adm
Page 293 and 294:
approximately 5%. 2,25 There is als
Page 295 and 296:
Table 4.9.2: Post-exposure prophyla
Page 297 and 298:
4.10 MENINGOCOCCAL DISEASE 4.10.1 B
Page 299 and 300:
4.10.4 Vaccines There are different
Page 301 and 302:
Polysaccharide vaccines Quadrivalen
Page 303 and 304:
Interchangeability of meningococcal
Page 305 and 306:
• Children (aged ≥9 months) and
Page 307 and 308:
Appendix 1 Contact details for Aust
Page 309 and 310:
4.11 MUMPS 4.11.1 Virology Mumps is
Page 311 and 312:
Trivalent measles-mumps-rubella (MM
Page 313 and 314: 4.11.7 Recommendations Infants aged
Page 315 and 316: Vaccination with other live attenua
Page 317 and 318: acquired from healthcare workers. 1
Page 319 and 320: demonstrated a more rapid decline,
Page 321 and 322: • Boostrix-IPV - GlaxoSmithKline
Page 323 and 324: in the previous 10 years. 19,45 Adu
Page 325 and 326: (see ‘Women who are planning preg
Page 327 and 328: an HHE. An HHE may last from a few
Page 329 and 330: The product information for Quadrac
Page 331 and 332: 4.13 PNEUMOCOCCAL DISEASE 4.13.1 Ba
Page 333 and 334: non-Indigenous children (88%). 19,2
Page 335 and 336: 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate va
Page 337 and 338: lesser antibody responses to 2nd or
Page 339 and 340: Table 4.13.1: Recommendations for p
Page 341 and 342: Category B: Conditions associated w
Page 343 and 344: Children aged >5 years to 15 years)
Page 345 and 346: Non-Indigenous adults A single dose
Page 347 and 348: Adults who have a condition listed
Page 349 and 350: 4.13.11 Adverse events 10-valent pn
Page 351 and 352: 5 years with a condition(s) associa
Page 353 and 354: virtually eradicated in India, but
Page 355 and 356: formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, polys
Page 357 and 358: 4.14.8 Pregnancy and breastfeeding
Page 359 and 360: 4.15 Q FEVER 4.15.1 Bacteriology Q
Page 361 and 362: 4.15.4 Vaccine • Q-Vax - CSL Limi
Page 363: individuals, which can be accessed
Page 367 and 368: 4.16 RABIES AND OTHER LYSSAVIRUSES
Page 369 and 370: 4.16.4 Rabies vaccines • Mérieux
Page 371 and 372: of an even more accelerated schedul
Page 373 and 374: Pre-exposure prophylaxis for rabies
Page 375 and 376: The relevant state/territory health
Page 377 and 378: Although data are limited on the ef
Page 379 and 380: Table 4.16.2: Post-exposure prophyl
Page 381 and 382: Figure 4.16.2: Post-exposure prophy
Page 383 and 384: Figure 4.16.3: Booster algorithm fo
Page 385 and 386: allergic reaction occurs following
Page 387 and 388: age group11,12 and affecting 3.8% o
Page 389 and 390: of age, the risk of IS was increase
Page 391 and 392: Interchangeability of rotavirus vac
Page 393 and 394: gestational age; median 34 weeks) w
Page 395 and 396: Infants living in households with p
Page 397 and 398: 4.17.12 Variations from product inf
Page 399 and 400: 2003, rubella notifications in Aust
Page 401 and 402: zoster virus [Oka strain]). Lyophil
Page 403 and 404: children
Page 405 and 406: A number of commercial assays for t
Page 407 and 408: Germany indicates that no case of v
Page 409 and 410: case. Seronegative women of child-b
Page 411 and 412: 4.19 TETANUS 4.19.1 Bacteriology Te
Page 413 and 414: Formulations for children aged
Page 415 and 416:
4.19.5 Transport, storage and handl
Page 417 and 418:
foreign bodies (especially wood spl
Page 419 and 420:
studies indicate that the adverse r
Page 421 and 422:
The product information for Adacel
Page 423 and 424:
of MDR-TB cases identified has incr
Page 425 and 426:
BCG vaccination procedures BCG vacc
Page 427 and 428:
Occupational groups There is some e
Page 429 and 430:
4.20.13 Variations from product inf
Page 431 and 432:
In developed countries, typhoid fev
Page 433 and 434:
A 4th capsule taken on day 7 has be
Page 435 and 436:
4.21.8 Pregnancy and breastfeeding
Page 437 and 438:
4.22 VARICELLA 4.22.1 Virology Vari
Page 439 and 440:
as a case of wild-type varicella oc
Page 441 and 442:
Reconstituted Varivax Refrigerated
Page 443 and 444:
adequate protection from varicella.
Page 445 and 446:
eceived varicella vaccine while bre
Page 447 and 448:
immunoglobulin and other blood prod
Page 449 and 450:
eported in a 9-year follow-up of 70
Page 451 and 452:
high-dose intravenous NHIG are like
Page 453 and 454:
4.23 YELLOW FEVER 4.23.1 Virology Y
Page 455 and 456:
Co-administration with other vaccin
Page 457 and 458:
4.23.8 Pregnancy and breastfeeding
Page 459 and 460:
Vaccine-associated neurotropic adve
Page 461 and 462:
1000 cases per 100 000 population i
Page 463 and 464:
administration of Zostavax with 23-
Page 465 and 466:
diagnosis. In addition, the risk of
Page 467 and 468:
Laboratory testing to check for an
Page 469 and 470:
4.24.12 Variations from product inf
Page 471 and 472:
the immunoglobulin preparations con
Page 473 and 474:
Prevention of measles Measles vacci
Page 475 and 476:
who are being treated with immunosu
Page 477 and 478:
limb with a separate syringe, and a
Page 479 and 480:
APPENDIX 1: CONTACT DETAILS FOR AUS
Page 481 and 482:
APPENDIX 2: LITERATURE SEARCH STRAT
Page 483 and 484:
APPENDIX 3: COMPONENTS OF VACCINES
Page 485 and 486:
Vaccine component* Vaccine brand
Page 487 and 488:
APPENDIX 4: COMMONLY ASKED QUESTION
Page 489 and 490:
When should preterm infants be vacc
Page 491 and 492:
If a parent decides not to have a c
Page 493 and 494:
Should vaccines be given to persons
Page 495 and 496:
eason not to vaccinate. Asthma, ecz
Page 497 and 498:
Does MMR vaccine cause inflammatory
Page 499 and 500:
(either alone or in combination) fo
Page 501 and 502:
A4.5 Questions about the need for i
Page 503 and 504:
APPENDIX 5: GLOSSARY OF TECHNICAL T
Page 505 and 506:
Enzootic enzootic infections are pr
Page 507 and 508:
Rotavirus a virus that is a common
Page 509 and 510:
APPENDIX 6: COMMONLY USED ABBREVIAT
Page 511 and 512:
OPV oral poliomyelitis vaccine PCEC
Page 513 and 514:
Year Vaccine 2003 Varicella 2003 Me
Page 515 and 516:
identifying the injection site, 79-
Page 517 and 518:
Australian Capital Territory advers
Page 519 and 520:
and travellers, 119 vaccines, 177-1
Page 521 and 522:
abies and other lyssaviruses (inclu
Page 523 and 524:
HPV Vaccination Program, 234 human
Page 525 and 526:
interferon-gamma release assays (IG
Page 527 and 528:
mercury, in vaccines. see thiomersa
Page 529 and 530:
Northern Territory ACIR reporting,
Page 531 and 532:
and Haemophilus influenzae type b (
Page 533 and 534:
espiratory syncytial virus monoclon
Page 535 and 536:
Therapeutic Goods Administration (T
Page 537 and 538:
varicella-zoster immunoglobulin, 45
Page 539 and 540:
INDEX 525 INDEX
show all

The Australian Immunisation Handbook 10th Edition 2013

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?