The Australian Immunisation Handbook 10th Edition 2013

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and egg allergies, 132–133 epidemiology, 345–346 precautions, 351 pregnancy and breastfeeding, 137, 350–351 public health management, 352 recommendations, 348–350 route of vaccine administration, 68–69 skin test, 68–69 transport, storage and handling, 347 vaccine, 347 variations from product information, 352 Q fever fatigue syndrome (QFS), 345, 351 Quadracel, 184, 306, 340, 399 vaccine components, 469–472 variations from product information, 188, 315, 344, 406 quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccines (4vMenCV), 14, 69, 120, 153, 157, 171, 285–286. see also meningococcal disease adverse events following immunisation (AEFI), 292 dosage and administration, 288 vaccination recommendations, 290–291 variations from product information, 293–294 quadrivalent meningococcal polysaccharide vaccines (4vMenPV), 14, 20, 68, 71, 120, 285, 287, 290–291. see also meningococcal disease adverse events following immunisation (AEFI), 292 dosage and administration, 288 lower age limits for, 127 and pregnancy, 136 vaccination recommendations, 290–291 variations from product information, 293 Queensland ACIR reporting, 98 adverse events following immunisation (AEFI) notification, 95, 96 age of consent, 26 Australian Red Cross Blood Service, 457 cholera, 176 government health authority and communicable disease control contact details, 465–466 hepatitis A, 105, 107, 199, 201, 203, 204 HPV reporting, 101 influenza, 251 Japanese encephalitis, 259 pneumococcal disease, 15, 52, 57, 57–58, 105, 108, 110, 318, 324 Q fever, 346 tuberculosis, 106, 408 Vaccine Information and Vaccine Administration System (VIVAS), 102–103 yellow fever, 439 518 The Australian Immunisation Handbook 10th edition Q-Vax, 132, 347 contraindications to vaccination, 351 variations from product information, 352 Q-Vax Skin Test, 347 recommendations, 348–349 skin test process and interpretation, 348–350 transport, storage and handling, 347 R rabies and other lyssaviruses (including Australian bat lyssavirus), 68–69, 353–371 adverse events following immunisation (AEFI), 370 booster algorithm, 369 changes in the 10th edition of the handbook, 15–16 clinical features, 353 contraindications to vaccination, 370 dosage and administration, 256–358 and egg allergies, 132–133 epidemiology, 354 exposure categories, 360 interchangeability of vaccines, 358 post-exposure prophylaxis, 357, 360–368, 366, 367 pre-exposure prophylaxis, 356–357, 359–360 pregnancy and breastfeeding, 138, 370 rabies immunoglobulin, 355–356 recommendations, 358–370 serological testing for immunity, 369 transport, storage and handling, 256 and travellers, 120 vaccines, 355 virology, 353 rabies immunoglobulin (HRIG), 357, 457, 460. see also rabies and other lyssaviruses (including Australian bat lyssavirus) Rabipur Inactivated Rabies Virus Vaccine, 71, 133, 355. see also purified chick embryo cell vaccine (PCECV) dosage and administration, 126 radiation therapy, persons receiving. see immunosuppressive therapy rash and varicella vaccination, 433–434 zoster (herpes zoster), 446 and zoster vaccination, 454 recommendation changes in the 10th edition of the handbook, 8–17 reconstitution of vaccines, 66–67 refugees. see migrants to Australia registers for immunisation, 85–97 regurgitation of a vaccine, 73, 376, 383 renal impaired patients, hepatitis B vaccination, 222 respiratory papillomatosis, 234
espiratory syncytial virus monoclonal antibody, 457, 462 Reye syndrome, and varicella vaccination, 438 rheumatoid arthritis, vaccination recommendations, 165 risks and benefits of vaccines, 27 Rotarix, 374–375 adverse events following immunisation (AEFI), 381–382 dosage and administration, 50, 53, 376 vaccination recommendations, 377–379 variations from product information, 383 RotaShield, 374–375 RotaTeq, 374–375 adverse events following immunisation (AEFI), 381–382 dosage and administration, 50, 53, 376 precautions, 380 vaccination recommendations, 377–379 vaccine components, 472 variations from product information, 383 rotavirus, 372–383 adverse events following immunisation (AEFI), 381–382 catch-up vaccination guidelines for children, 53 changes in the 10th edition of the handbook, 16 clinical features, 372 co-administration with other vaccines, 376 contraindications to vaccination, 379 dosage and administration, 47, 49, 50, 376 epidemiology, 372–373 and HIV-infected persons, 158 and immunocompromised persons, 147 interchangeability of vaccines, 377 precautions, 380–381 pregnancy and breastfeeding, 140, 379 and preterm infants, 144 and recipients of normal human immunoglobulin and other blood products, 166 recommendations, 377–379 route of vaccine administration, 68–69 transport, storage and handling, 376 vaccines, 374–375 variations from product information, 383 virology, 372 rubella, 384–396 adverse events following immunisation (AEFI), 394 changes in the 10th edition of the handbook, 13–14 clinical features, 384 co-administration with other vaccines, 388 contraindications to vaccination, 392–393 dosage and administration, 387–388 epidemiology, 384–385 and Indigenous persons, 111 interchangeability of vaccines, 388 precautions, 393–394 pregnancy and breastfeeding, 391–392, 392–393, 395–396 public health management, 394–396 recommendations, 388–391 serological testing for immunity, 390–391, 395 transport, storage and handling, 387 and travellers, 118 vaccines, 386–387 variations from product information, 396 virology, 384 and women of child-baring age, 390, 391 Rubivirus, 384. see also rubella S safety of vaccines, 21–23 salicylate therapy. see aspirin therapy Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Typhi, 416. see also typhoid Saudi Arabia. see also Middle East, pilgrimage to Mecca (Hajj and Umra), 116, 120, 129, 290 school teachers, vaccination recommendations, 170 school-based vaccination programs, 28 screening. see pre-vaccination screening seizures, persons with family history, and measles vaccination, 278 septic arthritis, 191 septicaemia, 283. see also meningococcal disease serological testing for immunity, 41 hepatitis A, 206 hepatitis B, 225 measles, 274–275 mumps, 300 rabies and other lyssaviruses (including Australian bat lyssavirus), 369 rubella, 390–391, 395 varicella, 429 zoster (herpes zoster), 452–453 serum, in vaccines, 469, 486 severe combined immunodeficiency, 16, 379 severe dehydrating gastroenteritis, 372. see also rotavirus sex industry workers, 11, 175 hepatitis A, 204, 205 hepatitis B, 223, 224, 225 shearers. see animals, persons working with shingles. see zoster (herpes zoster) Shingles Prevention Study, 447–448 short gut syndrome, and rotavirus vaccination, 380 sickle cell disease, and pneumococcal disease, 326–327 INDEX 519 INDEX
Page 1 and 2:
The Australian Immunisation Handboo
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FOREWORD Since 1932, when Governmen
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TABLE OF CONTENTS PART 1 INTRODUCTI
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LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1.1: Pre-vac
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List 4.13.1: Conditions associated
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PREFACE The 10th edition of The Aus
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Secretariat support, Australian Tec
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PART 1 INTRODUCTION TO THE AUSTRALI
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1.2 DEVELOPMENT OF THE 10TH EDITION
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1.3 HOW TO USE THE 10TH EDITION HAN
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1.4 WHAT’S NEW All chapters have
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2.2 Administration of vaccines •
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• The section on vaccination of p
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4.6 Human papillomavirus • HPV va
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• For Aboriginal and Torres Strai
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Part 5 Passive immunisation • Inf
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without the harmful consequences of
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(vaccine failure). Often such infec
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will occur following receipt of a s
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cases, both the doctor issuing the
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Should a child or adolescent refuse
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• check that the correct time int
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Note: Please discuss this informati
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Condition or circumstance of person
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Condition or circumstance of person
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Table 2.1.3: Live attenuated parent
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An online ‘catch-up calculator’
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Use of serological testing to guide
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• For some vaccines, catch-up vac
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Figure 2.1.1: Catch-up worksheet fo
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Vaccine Minimum age for 1st dose in
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Table 2.1.6: Number of vaccine dose
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Catch-up guidelines for individual
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If 13vPCV is not available, and 10v
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Previous vaccination history 2 prev
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PART 2 VACCINATION PROCEDURES 57 Ta
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PART 2 VACCINATION PROCEDURES 59 Ta
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Catch-up schedules for persons ≥1
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For additional details on these rec
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2.2 ADMINISTRATION OF VACCINES 2.2.
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• Never freeze a vaccine after it
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PART 2 VACCINATION PROCEDURES 69 In
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2.2.5 Vaccine injection techniques
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Interruption to a vaccination If th
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2.2.7 Positioning for vaccination I
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Children ≥12 months of age Cuddle
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2.2.8 Identifying the injection sit
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• Place the palm over the greater
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2.2.9 Administering multiple vaccin
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2.3 POST-VACCINATION 2.3.1 Immediat
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Management of an immediate adverse
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Management of anaphylaxis Rapid IM
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Autoinjectors are generally not app
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Australia. 16 This vaccine is no lo
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Any serious or unexpected adverse e
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Consumers and immunisation service
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When relevant, immunisation service
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National Human Papillomavirus Vacci
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Immunisation service providers enro
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PART 3 VACCINATION FOR SPECIAL RISK
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Thus, a vaccine to prevent Hib dise
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3.1.2 Adults Hepatitis B Indigenous
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een low in younger Indigenous adult
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3.2 VACCINATION FOR INTERNATIONAL T
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• vaccination history (including
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departure to allow for the period w
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Selected vaccines based on travel i
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Tick-borne encephalitis Tick-borne
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3.2.5 Vaccinating the traveller wit
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• Travel health and quarantine se
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whether the AEFI is likely to recur
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(see Appendix 1 Contact details for
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avoided, except in situations where
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3.3.3 Vaccination of immunocompromi
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Use of live viral or live bacterial
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Influenza vaccination is recommende
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Haematopoietic stem cell transplant
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Vaccine Months after HSCT Comments
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depending on the number of vaccines
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Persons with functional or anatomic
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Table 3.3.5: Recommendations for va
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Persons with autoimmune diseases an
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Table 3.3.6: Recommended intervals
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3.3.7 Vaccination of persons at occ
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Occupation Vaccine Providers of hom
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against certain vaccine-preventable
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3.3.11 Vaccination of persons who i
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waters. All cases of cholera report
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Children aged 2-6 years Three doses
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4.1.11 Adverse events The inactivat
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4.2.4 Vaccines Diphtheria toxoid is
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• Adacel - Sanofi Pasteur Pty Ltd
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antibodies at an age when waning of
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children aged
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4.3 HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE TYPE B 4
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• Hiberix - GlaxoSmithKline (PRP-
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4.3.7 Recommendations Infants A Hib
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4.3.11 Public health management of
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In recent years, hepatitis A notifi
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Inactivated hepatitis A vaccines ar
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Co-administration with other vaccin
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Recommendations for the use of comb
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4.4.10 Adverse events The most comm
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4.5.3 Epidemiology The prevalence o
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4.5.4 Vaccines Monovalent hepatitis
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For older children and young adults
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Vaccine Age of vaccine recipient Do
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Combination hepatitis A/hepatitis B
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Management of infants born to mothe
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Household or other close (household
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with occult hepatitis B infection.
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immune memory persists and is thoug
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to suggest that a higher proportion
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Table 4.5.3: Post-exposure prophyla
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4.6 HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS 4.6.1 Viro
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women. The prevalence of high-risk
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• Gardasil - CSL Limited/Merck &
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If scheduled doses have been missed
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However, some adult males may gain
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4.6.9 Contraindications The only ab
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4.7 INFLUENZA 4.7.1 Virology The in
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Figure 4.7.1: Influenza notificatio
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Always check annual seasonal influe
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7.5 µg of viral haemagglutinin (in
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Table 4.7.1: Recommended doses of i
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• Chronic respiratory conditions,
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Residents of residential aged care
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influenza vaccine prior to administ
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4.8 JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS 4.8.1 Vir
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28 days following vaccination with
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When using JEspect in children aged
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4.8.8 Pregnancy and breastfeeding I
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4.9 MEASLES 4.9.1 Virology Measles
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4.9.4 Vaccines Monovalent measles v
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4.9.6 Dosage and administration The
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Table 4.9.1: Recommendations for me
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increase in adverse events from vac
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Immunoglobulin or blood product adm
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approximately 5%. 2,25 There is als
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Table 4.9.2: Post-exposure prophyla
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4.10 MENINGOCOCCAL DISEASE 4.10.1 B
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4.10.4 Vaccines There are different
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Polysaccharide vaccines Quadrivalen
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Interchangeability of meningococcal
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• Children (aged ≥9 months) and
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Appendix 1 Contact details for Aust
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4.11 MUMPS 4.11.1 Virology Mumps is
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Trivalent measles-mumps-rubella (MM
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4.11.7 Recommendations Infants aged
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Vaccination with other live attenua
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acquired from healthcare workers. 1
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demonstrated a more rapid decline,
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• Boostrix-IPV - GlaxoSmithKline
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in the previous 10 years. 19,45 Adu
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(see ‘Women who are planning preg
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an HHE. An HHE may last from a few
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The product information for Quadrac
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4.13 PNEUMOCOCCAL DISEASE 4.13.1 Ba
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non-Indigenous children (88%). 19,2
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10-valent pneumococcal conjugate va
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lesser antibody responses to 2nd or
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Table 4.13.1: Recommendations for p
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Category B: Conditions associated w
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Children aged >5 years to 15 years)
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Non-Indigenous adults A single dose
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Adults who have a condition listed
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4.13.11 Adverse events 10-valent pn
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5 years with a condition(s) associa
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virtually eradicated in India, but
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formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, polys
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4.14.8 Pregnancy and breastfeeding
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4.15 Q FEVER 4.15.1 Bacteriology Q
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4.15.4 Vaccine • Q-Vax - CSL Limi
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individuals, which can be accessed
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Refer to 3.3 Groups with special va
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4.16 RABIES AND OTHER LYSSAVIRUSES
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4.16.4 Rabies vaccines • Mérieux
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of an even more accelerated schedul
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Pre-exposure prophylaxis for rabies
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The relevant state/territory health
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Although data are limited on the ef
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Table 4.16.2: Post-exposure prophyl
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Figure 4.16.2: Post-exposure prophy
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Figure 4.16.3: Booster algorithm fo
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allergic reaction occurs following
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age group11,12 and affecting 3.8% o
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of age, the risk of IS was increase
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Interchangeability of rotavirus vac
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gestational age; median 34 weeks) w
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Infants living in households with p
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4.17.12 Variations from product inf
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2003, rubella notifications in Aust
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zoster virus [Oka strain]). Lyophil
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children
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A number of commercial assays for t
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Germany indicates that no case of v
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case. Seronegative women of child-b
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4.19 TETANUS 4.19.1 Bacteriology Te
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Formulations for children aged
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4.19.5 Transport, storage and handl
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foreign bodies (especially wood spl
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studies indicate that the adverse r
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The product information for Adacel
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of MDR-TB cases identified has incr
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BCG vaccination procedures BCG vacc
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Occupational groups There is some e
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In developed countries, typhoid fev
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A 4th capsule taken on day 7 has be
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4.22 VARICELLA 4.22.1 Virology Vari
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as a case of wild-type varicella oc
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Reconstituted Varivax Refrigerated
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adequate protection from varicella.
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eceived varicella vaccine while bre
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immunoglobulin and other blood prod
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eported in a 9-year follow-up of 70
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high-dose intravenous NHIG are like
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4.23 YELLOW FEVER 4.23.1 Virology Y
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Co-administration with other vaccin
Page 457 and 458:
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Vaccine-associated neurotropic adve
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1000 cases per 100 000 population i
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administration of Zostavax with 23-
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diagnosis. In addition, the risk of
Page 467 and 468:
Laboratory testing to check for an
Page 469 and 470:
Page 471 and 472:
the immunoglobulin preparations con
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Prevention of measles Measles vacci
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who are being treated with immunosu
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limb with a separate syringe, and a
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APPENDIX 1: CONTACT DETAILS FOR AUS
Page 481 and 482: APPENDIX 2: LITERATURE SEARCH STRAT
Page 483 and 484: APPENDIX 3: COMPONENTS OF VACCINES
Page 485 and 486: Vaccine component* Vaccine brand
Page 487 and 488: APPENDIX 4: COMMONLY ASKED QUESTION
Page 489 and 490: When should preterm infants be vacc
Page 491 and 492: If a parent decides not to have a c
Page 493 and 494: Should vaccines be given to persons
Page 495 and 496: eason not to vaccinate. Asthma, ecz
Page 497 and 498: Does MMR vaccine cause inflammatory
Page 499 and 500: (either alone or in combination) fo
Page 501 and 502: A4.5 Questions about the need for i
Page 503 and 504: APPENDIX 5: GLOSSARY OF TECHNICAL T
Page 505 and 506: Enzootic enzootic infections are pr
Page 507 and 508: Rotavirus a virus that is a common
Page 509 and 510: APPENDIX 6: COMMONLY USED ABBREVIAT
Page 511 and 512: OPV oral poliomyelitis vaccine PCEC
Page 513 and 514: Year Vaccine 2003 Varicella 2003 Me
Page 515 and 516: identifying the injection site, 79-
Page 517 and 518: Australian Capital Territory advers
Page 519 and 520: and travellers, 119 vaccines, 177-1
Page 521 and 522: abies and other lyssaviruses (inclu
Page 523 and 524: HPV Vaccination Program, 234 human
Page 525 and 526: interferon-gamma release assays (IG
Page 527 and 528: mercury, in vaccines. see thiomersa
Page 529 and 530: Northern Territory ACIR reporting,
Page 531: and Haemophilus influenzae type b (
Page 535 and 536: Therapeutic Goods Administration (T
Page 537 and 538: varicella-zoster immunoglobulin, 45
Page 539 and 540: INDEX 525 INDEX
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