The Australian Immunisation Handbook 10th Edition 2013

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4.14.7 Recommendations Primary vaccination of infants and children IPV (IPOL) or IPV-containing vaccines are recommended for infants at 2, 4 and 6 months of age. The 1st dose of an IPV-containing vaccine can be given as early as 6 weeks of age. If the 1st dose is given at 6 weeks of age, the next scheduled doses should still be given at 4 months and 6 months of age. An open, randomised, multi-centre trial comparing the hexavalent and pentavalent IPV-containing vaccines found that infants receiving either vaccine at 2, 4 and 6 months of age had seroprotective levels of antibody to poliovirus types 1, 2 and 3. 26 Extra doses of IPV (IPOL) or IPV-containing vaccines are not needed for babies born prematurely. Where only IPV vaccination is required, IPOL can be used for catch-up in children. If other antigens including poliomyelitis are required, Infanrix IPV or Infanrix hexa can be used for catch-up in children aged
4.14.8 Pregnancy and breastfeeding IPV (IPOL) or IPV-containing vaccines are not routinely recommended for pregnant or breastfeeding women, but can be given where vaccination is considered necessary (see 4.14.7 Recommendations above). Refer to 3.3 Groups with special vaccination requirements, Table 3.3.1 Recommendations for vaccination in pregnancy for more information. 4.14.9 Contraindications The only absolute contraindications to IPV (IPOL) or IPV-containing vaccines are: • anaphylaxis following a previous dose of any IPV-containing vaccine • anaphylaxis following any vaccine component. 4.14.10 Adverse events IPV (IPOL) or IPV-containing vaccines cause erythema (in 33% of vaccine recipients), pain (in 13%), and induration (in 1%) at the injection site. Other symptoms reported in young babies are fever, crying and decreased appetite (in 5 to 10%). Repeat doses of IPV or IPV-containing vaccines have not been associated with increased adverse events and, where extra doses are required, are safe. 4.14.11 Public health management of poliomyelitis Poliomyelitis is a notifiable disease in all states and territories in Australia. Further instructions about the public health management of poliomyelitis, including management of cases of poliomyelitis and their contacts, should be obtained from state/territory public health authorities (see Appendix 1 Contact details for Australian, state and territory government health authorities and communicable disease control). 4.14.12 Variations from product information The product information for Infanrix hexa states that this vaccine is indicated for primary immunisation of infants from the age of 6 weeks. The ATAGI recommends that this vaccine may also be used for catch-up of the primary schedule in children
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The Australian Immunisation Handboo
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FOREWORD Since 1932, when Governmen
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TABLE OF CONTENTS PART 1 INTRODUCTI
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LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1.1: Pre-vac
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List 4.13.1: Conditions associated
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PREFACE The 10th edition of The Aus
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Secretariat support, Australian Tec
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PART 1 INTRODUCTION TO THE AUSTRALI
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1.2 DEVELOPMENT OF THE 10TH EDITION
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1.3 HOW TO USE THE 10TH EDITION HAN
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1.4 WHAT’S NEW All chapters have
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2.2 Administration of vaccines •
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• The section on vaccination of p
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4.6 Human papillomavirus • HPV va
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• For Aboriginal and Torres Strai
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Part 5 Passive immunisation • Inf
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without the harmful consequences of
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(vaccine failure). Often such infec
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will occur following receipt of a s
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cases, both the doctor issuing the
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Should a child or adolescent refuse
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• check that the correct time int
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Note: Please discuss this informati
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Condition or circumstance of person
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Condition or circumstance of person
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Table 2.1.3: Live attenuated parent
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An online ‘catch-up calculator’
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Use of serological testing to guide
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• For some vaccines, catch-up vac
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Figure 2.1.1: Catch-up worksheet fo
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Vaccine Minimum age for 1st dose in
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Table 2.1.6: Number of vaccine dose
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Catch-up guidelines for individual
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If 13vPCV is not available, and 10v
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Previous vaccination history 2 prev
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PART 2 VACCINATION PROCEDURES 57 Ta
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PART 2 VACCINATION PROCEDURES 59 Ta
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Catch-up schedules for persons ≥1
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For additional details on these rec
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2.2 ADMINISTRATION OF VACCINES 2.2.
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• Never freeze a vaccine after it
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PART 2 VACCINATION PROCEDURES 69 In
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2.2.5 Vaccine injection techniques
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Interruption to a vaccination If th
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2.2.7 Positioning for vaccination I
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Children ≥12 months of age Cuddle
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2.2.8 Identifying the injection sit
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• Place the palm over the greater
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2.2.9 Administering multiple vaccin
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2.3 POST-VACCINATION 2.3.1 Immediat
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Management of an immediate adverse
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Management of anaphylaxis Rapid IM
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Autoinjectors are generally not app
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Australia. 16 This vaccine is no lo
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Any serious or unexpected adverse e
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Consumers and immunisation service
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When relevant, immunisation service
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National Human Papillomavirus Vacci
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Immunisation service providers enro
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PART 3 VACCINATION FOR SPECIAL RISK
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Thus, a vaccine to prevent Hib dise
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3.1.2 Adults Hepatitis B Indigenous
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een low in younger Indigenous adult
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3.2 VACCINATION FOR INTERNATIONAL T
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• vaccination history (including
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departure to allow for the period w
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Selected vaccines based on travel i
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Tick-borne encephalitis Tick-borne
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3.2.5 Vaccinating the traveller wit
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• Travel health and quarantine se
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whether the AEFI is likely to recur
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(see Appendix 1 Contact details for
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avoided, except in situations where
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3.3.3 Vaccination of immunocompromi
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Use of live viral or live bacterial
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Influenza vaccination is recommende
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Haematopoietic stem cell transplant
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Vaccine Months after HSCT Comments
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depending on the number of vaccines
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Persons with functional or anatomic
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Table 3.3.5: Recommendations for va
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Persons with autoimmune diseases an
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Table 3.3.6: Recommended intervals
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3.3.7 Vaccination of persons at occ
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Occupation Vaccine Providers of hom
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against certain vaccine-preventable
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3.3.11 Vaccination of persons who i
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waters. All cases of cholera report
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Children aged 2-6 years Three doses
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4.1.11 Adverse events The inactivat
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4.2.4 Vaccines Diphtheria toxoid is
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• Adacel - Sanofi Pasteur Pty Ltd
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antibodies at an age when waning of
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children aged
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4.3 HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE TYPE B 4
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• Hiberix - GlaxoSmithKline (PRP-
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4.3.7 Recommendations Infants A Hib
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4.3.11 Public health management of
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In recent years, hepatitis A notifi
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Inactivated hepatitis A vaccines ar
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Co-administration with other vaccin
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Recommendations for the use of comb
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4.4.10 Adverse events The most comm
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4.5.3 Epidemiology The prevalence o
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4.5.4 Vaccines Monovalent hepatitis
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For older children and young adults
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Vaccine Age of vaccine recipient Do
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Combination hepatitis A/hepatitis B
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Management of infants born to mothe
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Household or other close (household
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with occult hepatitis B infection.
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immune memory persists and is thoug
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to suggest that a higher proportion
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Table 4.5.3: Post-exposure prophyla
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4.6 HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS 4.6.1 Viro
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women. The prevalence of high-risk
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• Gardasil - CSL Limited/Merck &
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If scheduled doses have been missed
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However, some adult males may gain
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4.6.9 Contraindications The only ab
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4.7 INFLUENZA 4.7.1 Virology The in
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Figure 4.7.1: Influenza notificatio
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Always check annual seasonal influe
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7.5 µg of viral haemagglutinin (in
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Table 4.7.1: Recommended doses of i
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• Chronic respiratory conditions,
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Residents of residential aged care
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influenza vaccine prior to administ
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4.8 JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS 4.8.1 Vir
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28 days following vaccination with
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When using JEspect in children aged
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4.8.8 Pregnancy and breastfeeding I
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4.9 MEASLES 4.9.1 Virology Measles
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4.9.4 Vaccines Monovalent measles v
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4.9.6 Dosage and administration The
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Table 4.9.1: Recommendations for me
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increase in adverse events from vac
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Immunoglobulin or blood product adm
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approximately 5%. 2,25 There is als
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Table 4.9.2: Post-exposure prophyla
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4.10 MENINGOCOCCAL DISEASE 4.10.1 B
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4.10.4 Vaccines There are different
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Polysaccharide vaccines Quadrivalen
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Interchangeability of meningococcal
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Germany indicates that no case of v
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case. Seronegative women of child-b
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4.19 TETANUS 4.19.1 Bacteriology Te
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Formulations for children aged
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4.19.5 Transport, storage and handl
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foreign bodies (especially wood spl
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studies indicate that the adverse r
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The product information for Adacel
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of MDR-TB cases identified has incr
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BCG vaccination procedures BCG vacc
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Occupational groups There is some e
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4.20.13 Variations from product inf
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In developed countries, typhoid fev
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A 4th capsule taken on day 7 has be
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4.21.8 Pregnancy and breastfeeding
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4.22 VARICELLA 4.22.1 Virology Vari
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as a case of wild-type varicella oc
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Reconstituted Varivax Refrigerated
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adequate protection from varicella.
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eceived varicella vaccine while bre
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immunoglobulin and other blood prod
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eported in a 9-year follow-up of 70
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high-dose intravenous NHIG are like
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4.23 YELLOW FEVER 4.23.1 Virology Y
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Co-administration with other vaccin
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4.23.8 Pregnancy and breastfeeding
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Vaccine-associated neurotropic adve
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1000 cases per 100 000 population i
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administration of Zostavax with 23-
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diagnosis. In addition, the risk of
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Laboratory testing to check for an
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4.24.12 Variations from product inf
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the immunoglobulin preparations con
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Prevention of measles Measles vacci
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who are being treated with immunosu
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limb with a separate syringe, and a
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APPENDIX 1: CONTACT DETAILS FOR AUS
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APPENDIX 2: LITERATURE SEARCH STRAT
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APPENDIX 3: COMPONENTS OF VACCINES
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Vaccine component* Vaccine brand
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APPENDIX 4: COMMONLY ASKED QUESTION
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When should preterm infants be vacc
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If a parent decides not to have a c
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Should vaccines be given to persons
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eason not to vaccinate. Asthma, ecz
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Does MMR vaccine cause inflammatory
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(either alone or in combination) fo
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A4.5 Questions about the need for i
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APPENDIX 5: GLOSSARY OF TECHNICAL T
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Enzootic enzootic infections are pr
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Rotavirus a virus that is a common
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APPENDIX 6: COMMONLY USED ABBREVIAT
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OPV oral poliomyelitis vaccine PCEC
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Year Vaccine 2003 Varicella 2003 Me
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identifying the injection site, 79-
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Australian Capital Territory advers
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and travellers, 119 vaccines, 177-1
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abies and other lyssaviruses (inclu
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HPV Vaccination Program, 234 human
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interferon-gamma release assays (IG
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mercury, in vaccines. see thiomersa
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Northern Territory ACIR reporting,
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and Haemophilus influenzae type b (
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espiratory syncytial virus monoclon
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Therapeutic Goods Administration (T
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varicella-zoster immunoglobulin, 45
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INDEX 525 INDEX
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The Australian Immunisation Handbook 10th Edition 2013

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