The Australian Immunisation Handbook 10th Edition 2013

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INDEX Italicised numbers indicate tables 2-phenoxyethanol, in vaccines, 19, 484 7vPCV (7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine), 45, 56–60, 108, 194, 320, 321, 322, 328, 333 adverse events following immunisation (AEFI), 335 pneumococcal disease epidemiology, 318–319 10vPCV (10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine), 8, 14, 43, 46, 52–53, 56, 58, 60, 68, 194, 319, 320. see also pneumococcal disease adverse events following immunisation (AEFI), 335 dosage and administration, 323–324 and Indigenous children, 108 pregnancy and breastfeeding, 334 route of vaccine administration, 68–69 transport, storage and handling, 323 vaccination recommendations, 324–333 13vPCV (13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine), 8, 14–15, 43, 46, 62, 68, 105, 149, 151, 156, 160, 160–161, 163–164, 174, 194, 251, 257, 319–322 adverse events following immunisation (AEFI), 334–335 catch-up vaccination, 52–53, 57–58 catch-up vaccination guidelines for children with medical condition associated with an increased risk, 59–60 catch-up vaccination guidelines for children without medical condition associated with an increased risk, 56 catch-up vaccination schedules for those ≥10 years of age, 63–64 dosage and administration, 323–324 and Indigenous children, 108 and influenza vaccination, 257 minimum acceptable vaccine dose intervals, 50 number of vaccine doses for children, 49 precautions, 334 pregnancy and breastfeeding, 136, 334 vaccination recommendations, 324–333 variations from product information, 336–337 23vPPV (23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine), 15, 62, 105, 110, 137, 143, 149, 151, 156, 160, 161, 163, 163–164, 321, 321–322, 455, 471 adverse events following immunisation (AEFI), 336 catch-up vaccination guidelines for children with medical condition associated with an increased risk, 59–60 500 The Australian Immunisation Handbook 10th edition catch-up vaccination schedules for those ≥10 years of age, 63–64 minimum acceptable vaccine dose intervals, 50 number of vaccine doses for children, 49 pneumococcal disease epidemiology, 318–319 route of vaccine administration, 68–69 vaccination recommendations, 324–333 A abattoir workers. see animals, persons working with abbreviations list, 495–497 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, 35, 104–112 additional recommended vaccines, 105 adults, 109–111 catch-up vaccination, 57–58 changes to recommendations in the 10th edition of the handbook, 9, 12, 15 children, 49, 50, 106–108 Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), 106–107, 192 hepatitis A, 47, 107, 198–199, 201, 203, 206 hepatitis B, 109, 209, 221 human papillomavirus (HPV), 233 influenza, 108, 109–110, 246, 254 Japanese encephalitis, 111 pneumococcal disease, 52–53, 108, 110–111, 133, 318–319, 321, 324–325, 327–328, 329, 330–332 rotavirus, 373 rubella, 111, 390 service delivery to, 112 tuberculosis, 106, 408, 412 Act-HIB, 51, 55, 192 transport, storage and handling, 194 variations from product information, 197 active immunisation, 18–20 acute febrile illness, vaccination recommendations, 31 acute otitis media (AOM). see otitis media acute systemic illness, vaccination recommendations, 31 Adacel, 123, 185, 306, 400 vaccine components, 470–471 variations from product information, 189, 315, 406–407 Adacel Polio, 185, 189, 306, 315, 340, 344, 400 variations from product information, 407 additives, in vaccines, 485–486 adjuvants, in vaccines, 19, 484–485 administration of vaccines, 65–84 changes in the 10th edition of the handbook, 9 equipment, 65–69
identifying the injection site, 79–82 injection techniques, 71–73 multiple vaccine injections, 83–84 occupational health and safety issues, 65 positioning, 75–78 preparation, 70 recommended injection sites, 73–74 route, 67–69 adolescents catch-up vaccination schedules, 61–62, 63–64 diphtheria, 186 hepatitis B, 213, 214, 214–215, 220 human papillomavirus (HPV), 238 injection sites, 74 measles, post-exposure prophylaxis, 281 measles, vaccination, 273 multiple vaccine injections, 83–84 mumps, 299–300 pertussis, 306 positioning for vaccination, 78 Q fever, 348–350 rabies, 356–357 rubella, 389–390 tetanus, 400, 401 varicella, 425, 428–429, 429 adrenaline autoinjectors, 90–91 doses, 90 in management of anaphylaxis, 89–91 ADT Booster, 123, 184, 400 variations from product information, 189, 406 adults catch-up vaccination schedules, 61–64, 63–64 cholera, 179 consent on behalf of an adult lacking capacity, 27 diphtheria, 186–187 hepatitis A, 202 hepatitis B, 213–214, 214–215, 220–224 human papillomavirus (HPV), 238–239 Indigenous persons, 109–111 influenza, 251 injection sites, 74 measles, post-exposure prophylaxis, 281 measles, vaccination, 273 multiple vaccine injections, 83–84 mumps, 299–300 pertussis, 306, 308–309 pneumococcal disease, 326–327, 330–333 poliomyelitis, 342 positioning for vaccination, 78 Q fever, 348–350 rabies, 356–357 rubella, 389–390 tetanus, 400, 402, 403–404 vaccination status and history, 40 varicella vaccination, 425, 429 and varicella vaccination, 434 yellow fever vaccination, 444 and zoster, 446–447, 447–448 zoster vaccination, 450–453 adverse events following immunisation (AEFI), 9, 18, 21–23, 85–97, 481–482 anaphylaxis and vasovagal episodes, 87–91 cholera, 181 common events, 91 diphtheria, 187–188 events without causal link, 94 Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), 196 hepatitis A, 207 hepatitis B, 227–228 human papillomavirus (HPV), 240, 241–242 influenza, 249, 257–258 Japanese encephalitis, 265–266 measles, 278–280 meningococcal disease, 292 mumps, 301 mumps vaccination, 301 passive immunisation, 458, 464 pertussis, 311, 312–313 pneumococcal disease, 335–336 poliomyelitis, 343 poliomyelitis vaccination, 343 Q fever, 351–352 rabies and other lyssaviruses (including Australian bat lyssavirus), 370–371 reporting of, 94–97 rotavirus, 381–382 rubella, 394 state and territory contact information, 96 tetanus, 405 tuberculosis (TB), 414 typhoid, 422 uncommon or rare events, 92–93 vaccination of persons who have had an AEFI, 130–133 varicella, 433–435 yellow fever, 443, 444–445 zoster (herpes zoster), 448, 454 Aedes aegypti, 439. see also yellow fever Africa cholera, 176 hepatitis B, 118, 209, 221 influenza, 245 measles, 268, 269 meningococcal disease, 120, 284 migrants to Australia from, 174 poliomyelitis, 338 rabies and other lyssaviruses (including Australian bat lyssavirus), 354, 361 rubella, 390 INDEX 501 INDEX
Page 1 and 2:
The Australian Immunisation Handboo
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FOREWORD Since 1932, when Governmen
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TABLE OF CONTENTS PART 1 INTRODUCTI
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LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1.1: Pre-vac
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List 4.13.1: Conditions associated
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PREFACE The 10th edition of The Aus
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Secretariat support, Australian Tec
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PART 1 INTRODUCTION TO THE AUSTRALI
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1.2 DEVELOPMENT OF THE 10TH EDITION
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1.3 HOW TO USE THE 10TH EDITION HAN
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1.4 WHAT’S NEW All chapters have
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2.2 Administration of vaccines •
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• The section on vaccination of p
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4.6 Human papillomavirus • HPV va
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• For Aboriginal and Torres Strai
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Part 5 Passive immunisation • Inf
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without the harmful consequences of
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(vaccine failure). Often such infec
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will occur following receipt of a s
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cases, both the doctor issuing the
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Should a child or adolescent refuse
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• check that the correct time int
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Note: Please discuss this informati
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Condition or circumstance of person
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Condition or circumstance of person
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Table 2.1.3: Live attenuated parent
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An online ‘catch-up calculator’
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Use of serological testing to guide
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• For some vaccines, catch-up vac
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Figure 2.1.1: Catch-up worksheet fo
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Vaccine Minimum age for 1st dose in
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Table 2.1.6: Number of vaccine dose
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Catch-up guidelines for individual
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If 13vPCV is not available, and 10v
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Previous vaccination history 2 prev
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PART 2 VACCINATION PROCEDURES 57 Ta
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PART 2 VACCINATION PROCEDURES 59 Ta
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Catch-up schedules for persons ≥1
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For additional details on these rec
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2.2 ADMINISTRATION OF VACCINES 2.2.
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• Never freeze a vaccine after it
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PART 2 VACCINATION PROCEDURES 69 In
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2.2.5 Vaccine injection techniques
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Interruption to a vaccination If th
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2.2.7 Positioning for vaccination I
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Children ≥12 months of age Cuddle
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2.2.8 Identifying the injection sit
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• Place the palm over the greater
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2.2.9 Administering multiple vaccin
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2.3 POST-VACCINATION 2.3.1 Immediat
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Management of an immediate adverse
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Management of anaphylaxis Rapid IM
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Autoinjectors are generally not app
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Australia. 16 This vaccine is no lo
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Any serious or unexpected adverse e
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Consumers and immunisation service
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When relevant, immunisation service
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National Human Papillomavirus Vacci
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Immunisation service providers enro
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PART 3 VACCINATION FOR SPECIAL RISK
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Thus, a vaccine to prevent Hib dise
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3.1.2 Adults Hepatitis B Indigenous
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een low in younger Indigenous adult
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3.2 VACCINATION FOR INTERNATIONAL T
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• vaccination history (including
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departure to allow for the period w
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Selected vaccines based on travel i
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Tick-borne encephalitis Tick-borne
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3.2.5 Vaccinating the traveller wit
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• Travel health and quarantine se
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whether the AEFI is likely to recur
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(see Appendix 1 Contact details for
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avoided, except in situations where
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3.3.3 Vaccination of immunocompromi
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Use of live viral or live bacterial
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Influenza vaccination is recommende
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Haematopoietic stem cell transplant
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Vaccine Months after HSCT Comments
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depending on the number of vaccines
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Persons with functional or anatomic
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Table 3.3.5: Recommendations for va
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Persons with autoimmune diseases an
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Table 3.3.6: Recommended intervals
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3.3.7 Vaccination of persons at occ
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Occupation Vaccine Providers of hom
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against certain vaccine-preventable
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3.3.11 Vaccination of persons who i
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waters. All cases of cholera report
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Children aged 2-6 years Three doses
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4.1.11 Adverse events The inactivat
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4.2.4 Vaccines Diphtheria toxoid is
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• Adacel - Sanofi Pasteur Pty Ltd
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antibodies at an age when waning of
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children aged
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4.3 HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE TYPE B 4
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• Hiberix - GlaxoSmithKline (PRP-
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4.3.7 Recommendations Infants A Hib
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4.3.11 Public health management of
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In recent years, hepatitis A notifi
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Inactivated hepatitis A vaccines ar
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Co-administration with other vaccin
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Recommendations for the use of comb
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4.4.10 Adverse events The most comm
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4.5.3 Epidemiology The prevalence o
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4.5.4 Vaccines Monovalent hepatitis
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For older children and young adults
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Vaccine Age of vaccine recipient Do
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Combination hepatitis A/hepatitis B
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Management of infants born to mothe
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Household or other close (household
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with occult hepatitis B infection.
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immune memory persists and is thoug
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to suggest that a higher proportion
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Table 4.5.3: Post-exposure prophyla
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4.6 HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS 4.6.1 Viro
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women. The prevalence of high-risk
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• Gardasil - CSL Limited/Merck &
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If scheduled doses have been missed
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However, some adult males may gain
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4.6.9 Contraindications The only ab
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4.7 INFLUENZA 4.7.1 Virology The in
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Figure 4.7.1: Influenza notificatio
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Always check annual seasonal influe
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7.5 µg of viral haemagglutinin (in
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Table 4.7.1: Recommended doses of i
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• Chronic respiratory conditions,
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Residents of residential aged care
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influenza vaccine prior to administ
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4.8 JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS 4.8.1 Vir
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28 days following vaccination with
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When using JEspect in children aged
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4.8.8 Pregnancy and breastfeeding I
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4.9 MEASLES 4.9.1 Virology Measles
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4.9.4 Vaccines Monovalent measles v
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4.9.6 Dosage and administration The
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Table 4.9.1: Recommendations for me
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increase in adverse events from vac
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Immunoglobulin or blood product adm
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approximately 5%. 2,25 There is als
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Table 4.9.2: Post-exposure prophyla
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4.10 MENINGOCOCCAL DISEASE 4.10.1 B
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4.10.4 Vaccines There are different
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Polysaccharide vaccines Quadrivalen
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Interchangeability of meningococcal
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• Children (aged ≥9 months) and
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Appendix 1 Contact details for Aust
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4.11 MUMPS 4.11.1 Virology Mumps is
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Trivalent measles-mumps-rubella (MM
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4.11.7 Recommendations Infants aged
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Vaccination with other live attenua
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acquired from healthcare workers. 1
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demonstrated a more rapid decline,
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• Boostrix-IPV - GlaxoSmithKline
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in the previous 10 years. 19,45 Adu
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(see ‘Women who are planning preg
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an HHE. An HHE may last from a few
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The product information for Quadrac
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4.13 PNEUMOCOCCAL DISEASE 4.13.1 Ba
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non-Indigenous children (88%). 19,2
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10-valent pneumococcal conjugate va
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lesser antibody responses to 2nd or
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Table 4.13.1: Recommendations for p
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Category B: Conditions associated w
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Children aged >5 years to 15 years)
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Non-Indigenous adults A single dose
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Adults who have a condition listed
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4.13.11 Adverse events 10-valent pn
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5 years with a condition(s) associa
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virtually eradicated in India, but
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formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, polys
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4.14.8 Pregnancy and breastfeeding
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4.15 Q FEVER 4.15.1 Bacteriology Q
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4.15.4 Vaccine • Q-Vax - CSL Limi
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individuals, which can be accessed
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Refer to 3.3 Groups with special va
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4.16 RABIES AND OTHER LYSSAVIRUSES
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4.16.4 Rabies vaccines • Mérieux
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of an even more accelerated schedul
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Pre-exposure prophylaxis for rabies
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The relevant state/territory health
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Although data are limited on the ef
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Table 4.16.2: Post-exposure prophyl
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Figure 4.16.2: Post-exposure prophy
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Figure 4.16.3: Booster algorithm fo
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allergic reaction occurs following
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age group11,12 and affecting 3.8% o
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of age, the risk of IS was increase
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Interchangeability of rotavirus vac
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gestational age; median 34 weeks) w
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Infants living in households with p
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4.17.12 Variations from product inf
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2003, rubella notifications in Aust
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zoster virus [Oka strain]). Lyophil
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children
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A number of commercial assays for t
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Germany indicates that no case of v
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case. Seronegative women of child-b
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4.19 TETANUS 4.19.1 Bacteriology Te
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Formulations for children aged
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4.19.5 Transport, storage and handl
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foreign bodies (especially wood spl
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studies indicate that the adverse r
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The product information for Adacel
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of MDR-TB cases identified has incr
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BCG vaccination procedures BCG vacc
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Occupational groups There is some e
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4.20.13 Variations from product inf
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In developed countries, typhoid fev
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A 4th capsule taken on day 7 has be
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4.22 VARICELLA 4.22.1 Virology Vari
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as a case of wild-type varicella oc
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Reconstituted Varivax Refrigerated
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adequate protection from varicella.
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eceived varicella vaccine while bre
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immunoglobulin and other blood prod
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eported in a 9-year follow-up of 70
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high-dose intravenous NHIG are like
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4.23 YELLOW FEVER 4.23.1 Virology Y
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Co-administration with other vaccin
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Vaccine-associated neurotropic adve
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1000 cases per 100 000 population i
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Page 465 and 466: diagnosis. In addition, the risk of
Page 467 and 468: Laboratory testing to check for an
Page 469 and 470: 4.24.12 Variations from product inf
Page 471 and 472: the immunoglobulin preparations con
Page 473 and 474: Prevention of measles Measles vacci
Page 475 and 476: who are being treated with immunosu
Page 477 and 478: limb with a separate syringe, and a
Page 479 and 480: APPENDIX 1: CONTACT DETAILS FOR AUS
Page 481 and 482: APPENDIX 2: LITERATURE SEARCH STRAT
Page 483 and 484: APPENDIX 3: COMPONENTS OF VACCINES
Page 485 and 486: Vaccine component* Vaccine brand
Page 487 and 488: APPENDIX 4: COMMONLY ASKED QUESTION
Page 489 and 490: When should preterm infants be vacc
Page 491 and 492: If a parent decides not to have a c
Page 493 and 494: Should vaccines be given to persons
Page 495 and 496: eason not to vaccinate. Asthma, ecz
Page 497 and 498: Does MMR vaccine cause inflammatory
Page 499 and 500: (either alone or in combination) fo
Page 501 and 502: A4.5 Questions about the need for i
Page 503 and 504: APPENDIX 5: GLOSSARY OF TECHNICAL T
Page 505 and 506: Enzootic enzootic infections are pr
Page 507 and 508: Rotavirus a virus that is a common
Page 509 and 510: APPENDIX 6: COMMONLY USED ABBREVIAT
Page 511 and 512: OPV oral poliomyelitis vaccine PCEC
Page 513: Year Vaccine 2003 Varicella 2003 Me
Page 517 and 518: Australian Capital Territory advers
Page 519 and 520: and travellers, 119 vaccines, 177-1
Page 521 and 522: abies and other lyssaviruses (inclu
Page 523 and 524: HPV Vaccination Program, 234 human
Page 525 and 526: interferon-gamma release assays (IG
Page 527 and 528: mercury, in vaccines. see thiomersa
Page 529 and 530: Northern Territory ACIR reporting,
Page 531 and 532: and Haemophilus influenzae type b (
Page 533 and 534: espiratory syncytial virus monoclon
Page 535 and 536: Therapeutic Goods Administration (T
Page 537 and 538: varicella-zoster immunoglobulin, 45
Page 539 and 540: INDEX 525 INDEX
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