The Australian Immunisation Handbook 10th Edition 2013

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inactivated poliomyelitis vaccine (IPV), 68–69, 118, 138, 156, 194, 339, 341. see also poliomyelitis Indigenous community workers, vaccination recommendations, 172 Indigenous persons. see Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people indurated lesions, 352 Infanrix hexa, 51, 67, 183, 193, 195, 211, 305, 339–340, 342, 399 dosage and administration, 214, 217 transport, storage and handling, 185, 194, 217, 307, 341, 401 vaccination schedule, 214 vaccine components, 470–472 variations from product information, 188, 190, 197, 230, 314, 316, 343, 405, 407 Infanrix IPV, 184, 305, 340, 342, 399 vaccine components, 469–472 variations from product information, 188, 190, 314, 316, 343–344, 406, 407 infants cholera, 186 diphtheria, 186 Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), 195 hepatitis B, 212, 214–215, 218–220, 219 influenza, 251 injection sites, 73 measles, post-exposure prophylaxis, 281 measles, vaccination, 271–272 meningococcal disease, 290 multiple vaccine injections, 83 mumps, 299 pertussis, 307–308, 309–310 poliomyelitis, 342 positioning for vaccination, 75–76, 77 rabies, 356–357 rotavirus, 377–378, 380–381 rubella, 388 tetanus, 401 tuberculosis, 410, 412, 414 vaccination recommendations for parents, grandparents and carers, 36, 309 yellow fever, 443, 445 zoster immunoglobulin, 435–436 influenza adverse events following immunisation (AEFI), 257–258 changes in the 10th edition of the handbook, 13 clinical features, 243–244 co-administration with other vaccines, 251 contraindications to vaccination, 256 dosage and administration, 250–251 and egg allergies, 256–257 epidemiology, 244–246 higher risk groups, 252–256 510 The Australian Immunisation Handbook 10th edition and HIV-infected persons, 160 and immunocompromised persons, 145 and Indigenous persons, 108, 109–110, 254 national notification and hospitalisation rates, 245 and persons with asplenia, 162, 163–164 precautions, 256–257 pregnancy and breastfeeding, 135, 256 and preterm infants, 144 public health management, 258 recommendations, 251–256 route of vaccine administration, 68–69 transport, storage and handling, 250 and travellers, 118 vaccination and egg allergies, 132 vaccines, 246–250 variations from product information, 258 virology, 243 influenza pandemic, 245–246 Influvac, 247 vaccine components, 470–472 Influvac Junior, 247 injecting drug users. see drugs, persons who inject injection of vaccines, 66–67 injection site abscess and Q fever vaccination, 351 and tuberculosis vaccination, 414 injection site nodules, 91 injection site reactions, 63, 74 and human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination, 241 and Japanese encephalitis vaccination, 265–266 and pneumococcal vaccination, 323 and tetanus vaccination, 404–405 and varicella vaccination, 433 and zoster vaccination, 448, 451, 452, 454 injection sites adolescents, 74 adults, 74 breast cancer or lymphoedema patients, 74 children, 73–74 children in spica casts, 74 children with congenital limb malformation, 74 identification of, 79–82 infants, 73 multiple injections, 83–84 injection techniques intradermal injection, 72 intramuscular injection, 71–73 subcutaneous injection, 72 inmates of correctional facilities. see correctional facility inmates Intanza 9 mg, 68, 72, 248, 249 Intanza 15 mg, 68, 72, 248, 249
interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs), 410 International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis against yellow fever, 440, 441–442 international travel. see travellers interruption to a vaccination, 73, 376, 383 intracranial shunts, and pneumococcal disease, 326 intradermal injection technique, 72 intradermal vaccines, 68–69 intramuscular (IM) injection technique, 71 intramuscular (IM) injection vaccines, 68–69 intussusception (IS), and rotavirus vaccination, 16, 22, 93, 374–375, 379, 381–382 invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). see pneumococcal disease IPOL, 69, 339, 341 adverse events following immunisation (AEFI), 343 contraindications to vaccination, 343 dosage and administration, 124, 341 pregnancy and breastfeeding, 343 vaccination recommendations, 342 J Japanese encephalitis adverse events following immunisation (AEFI), 265–266 changes in the 10th edition of the handbook, 13 clinical features, 259 co-administration with other vaccines, 263 contraindications to vaccination, 265 dosage and administration, 262–263 epidemiology, 259–260 and Indigenous persons, 111 precautions, 265 pregnancy and breastfeeding, 138, 140, 264–265 public health management, 266 recommendations, 263–264 transport, storage and handling, 262 and travellers, 119 vaccines, 260–262 variations from product information, 266 virology, 259 JEspect, 68, 111, 260, 261–262 adverse events following immunisation (AEFI), 266 dosage and administration, 125, 262–263 lower age limits for, 127–128 precautions, 265 pregnancy and breastfeeding, 138, 265 vaccination recommendations, 263–264 variations from product information, 266 K kanamycin, in vaccines, 471 keloid formation, and tuberculosis vaccination, 411, 414 L laboratory personnel Japanese encephalitis, 264 meningococcal disease, 290, 291 poliomyelitis, 342 vaccination recommendations, 171 lactose, in vaccines, 19, 485 leprosy, and tuberculosis vaccination, 412 leukaemia. see immunocompromised persons lifestyle vaccination requirements, 36 limb swelling, and pertussis vaccination, 308, 312, 491 Liquid PedvaxHIB, 51, 55, 193 variations from product information, 197 live attenuated vaccines, 32, 37. see also Japanese encephalitis; MMR (measlesmumps-rubella) vaccine; MMRV (measlesmumps-rubella-varicella) vaccine; rotavirus; tuberculosis; typhoid; varicella; yellow fever; zoster (herpes zoster) and anaesthesia or surgery, 168 and autoimmune conditions, 165 and blood products, 150, 166 and corticosteroids, 165 and haematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients, 155 and HIV-infected persons, 158–159 and immunocompromised persons, 32, 35–36, 142, 145, 146, 147–148 and immunoglobulins, 150, 463–464 and migrants to Australia, 174 and normal human immunoglobulin (NHIG) recipients, 166 and pregnancy, 33, 34, 133–134, 142 livestock workers. see animals, persons working with local adverse event. see injection site reactions long-term care facility workers influenza, 255 measles, 274 vaccination recommendations, 170 varicella, 430 lymphoedema patients, injection sites, 74 lymphoid system malignancies, and tuberculosis vaccination, 413 lymphoma. see immunocompromised persons Lyssavirus, 353. see also rabies and other lyssaviruses (including Australian bat lyssavirus) lyssaviruses. see rabies and other lyssaviruses (including Australian bat lyssavirus) INDEX 511 INDEX
Page 1 and 2:
The Australian Immunisation Handboo
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FOREWORD Since 1932, when Governmen
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TABLE OF CONTENTS PART 1 INTRODUCTI
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LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1.1: Pre-vac
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List 4.13.1: Conditions associated
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PREFACE The 10th edition of The Aus
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Secretariat support, Australian Tec
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PART 1 INTRODUCTION TO THE AUSTRALI
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1.2 DEVELOPMENT OF THE 10TH EDITION
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1.3 HOW TO USE THE 10TH EDITION HAN
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1.4 WHAT’S NEW All chapters have
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2.2 Administration of vaccines •
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• The section on vaccination of p
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4.6 Human papillomavirus • HPV va
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• For Aboriginal and Torres Strai
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Part 5 Passive immunisation • Inf
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without the harmful consequences of
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(vaccine failure). Often such infec
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will occur following receipt of a s
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cases, both the doctor issuing the
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Should a child or adolescent refuse
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• check that the correct time int
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Note: Please discuss this informati
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Condition or circumstance of person
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Condition or circumstance of person
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Table 2.1.3: Live attenuated parent
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An online ‘catch-up calculator’
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Use of serological testing to guide
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• For some vaccines, catch-up vac
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Figure 2.1.1: Catch-up worksheet fo
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Vaccine Minimum age for 1st dose in
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Table 2.1.6: Number of vaccine dose
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Catch-up guidelines for individual
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If 13vPCV is not available, and 10v
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Previous vaccination history 2 prev
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PART 2 VACCINATION PROCEDURES 57 Ta
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PART 2 VACCINATION PROCEDURES 59 Ta
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Catch-up schedules for persons ≥1
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For additional details on these rec
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2.2 ADMINISTRATION OF VACCINES 2.2.
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• Never freeze a vaccine after it
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PART 2 VACCINATION PROCEDURES 69 In
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2.2.5 Vaccine injection techniques
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Interruption to a vaccination If th
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2.2.7 Positioning for vaccination I
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Children ≥12 months of age Cuddle
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2.2.8 Identifying the injection sit
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• Place the palm over the greater
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2.2.9 Administering multiple vaccin
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2.3 POST-VACCINATION 2.3.1 Immediat
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Management of an immediate adverse
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Management of anaphylaxis Rapid IM
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Autoinjectors are generally not app
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Australia. 16 This vaccine is no lo
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Any serious or unexpected adverse e
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Consumers and immunisation service
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When relevant, immunisation service
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National Human Papillomavirus Vacci
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Immunisation service providers enro
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PART 3 VACCINATION FOR SPECIAL RISK
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Thus, a vaccine to prevent Hib dise
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3.1.2 Adults Hepatitis B Indigenous
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een low in younger Indigenous adult
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3.2 VACCINATION FOR INTERNATIONAL T
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• vaccination history (including
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departure to allow for the period w
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Selected vaccines based on travel i
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Tick-borne encephalitis Tick-borne
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3.2.5 Vaccinating the traveller wit
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• Travel health and quarantine se
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whether the AEFI is likely to recur
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(see Appendix 1 Contact details for
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avoided, except in situations where
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3.3.3 Vaccination of immunocompromi
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Use of live viral or live bacterial
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Influenza vaccination is recommende
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Haematopoietic stem cell transplant
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Vaccine Months after HSCT Comments
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depending on the number of vaccines
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Persons with functional or anatomic
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Table 3.3.5: Recommendations for va
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Persons with autoimmune diseases an
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Table 3.3.6: Recommended intervals
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3.3.7 Vaccination of persons at occ
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Occupation Vaccine Providers of hom
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against certain vaccine-preventable
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3.3.11 Vaccination of persons who i
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waters. All cases of cholera report
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Children aged 2-6 years Three doses
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4.1.11 Adverse events The inactivat
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4.2.4 Vaccines Diphtheria toxoid is
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• Adacel - Sanofi Pasteur Pty Ltd
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antibodies at an age when waning of
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children aged
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4.3 HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE TYPE B 4
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• Hiberix - GlaxoSmithKline (PRP-
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4.3.7 Recommendations Infants A Hib
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4.3.11 Public health management of
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In recent years, hepatitis A notifi
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Inactivated hepatitis A vaccines ar
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Co-administration with other vaccin
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Recommendations for the use of comb
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4.4.10 Adverse events The most comm
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4.5.3 Epidemiology The prevalence o
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4.5.4 Vaccines Monovalent hepatitis
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For older children and young adults
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Vaccine Age of vaccine recipient Do
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Combination hepatitis A/hepatitis B
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Management of infants born to mothe
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Household or other close (household
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with occult hepatitis B infection.
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immune memory persists and is thoug
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to suggest that a higher proportion
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Table 4.5.3: Post-exposure prophyla
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4.6 HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS 4.6.1 Viro
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women. The prevalence of high-risk
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• Gardasil - CSL Limited/Merck &
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If scheduled doses have been missed
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However, some adult males may gain
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4.6.9 Contraindications The only ab
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4.7 INFLUENZA 4.7.1 Virology The in
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Figure 4.7.1: Influenza notificatio
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Always check annual seasonal influe
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7.5 µg of viral haemagglutinin (in
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Table 4.7.1: Recommended doses of i
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• Chronic respiratory conditions,
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Residents of residential aged care
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influenza vaccine prior to administ
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4.8 JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS 4.8.1 Vir
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28 days following vaccination with
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When using JEspect in children aged
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4.8.8 Pregnancy and breastfeeding I
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4.9 MEASLES 4.9.1 Virology Measles
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4.9.4 Vaccines Monovalent measles v
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4.9.6 Dosage and administration The
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Table 4.9.1: Recommendations for me
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increase in adverse events from vac
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Immunoglobulin or blood product adm
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approximately 5%. 2,25 There is als
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Table 4.9.2: Post-exposure prophyla
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4.10 MENINGOCOCCAL DISEASE 4.10.1 B
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4.10.4 Vaccines There are different
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Polysaccharide vaccines Quadrivalen
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Interchangeability of meningococcal
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• Children (aged ≥9 months) and
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Appendix 1 Contact details for Aust
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4.11 MUMPS 4.11.1 Virology Mumps is
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Trivalent measles-mumps-rubella (MM
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4.11.7 Recommendations Infants aged
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Vaccination with other live attenua
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acquired from healthcare workers. 1
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demonstrated a more rapid decline,
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• Boostrix-IPV - GlaxoSmithKline
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in the previous 10 years. 19,45 Adu
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(see ‘Women who are planning preg
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an HHE. An HHE may last from a few
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The product information for Quadrac
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4.13 PNEUMOCOCCAL DISEASE 4.13.1 Ba
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non-Indigenous children (88%). 19,2
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10-valent pneumococcal conjugate va
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lesser antibody responses to 2nd or
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Table 4.13.1: Recommendations for p
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Category B: Conditions associated w
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Children aged >5 years to 15 years)
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Non-Indigenous adults A single dose
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Adults who have a condition listed
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4.13.11 Adverse events 10-valent pn
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5 years with a condition(s) associa
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virtually eradicated in India, but
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formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, polys
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4.14.8 Pregnancy and breastfeeding
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4.15 Q FEVER 4.15.1 Bacteriology Q
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4.15.4 Vaccine • Q-Vax - CSL Limi
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individuals, which can be accessed
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Refer to 3.3 Groups with special va
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4.16 RABIES AND OTHER LYSSAVIRUSES
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4.16.4 Rabies vaccines • Mérieux
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of an even more accelerated schedul
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Pre-exposure prophylaxis for rabies
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The relevant state/territory health
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Although data are limited on the ef
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Table 4.16.2: Post-exposure prophyl
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Figure 4.16.2: Post-exposure prophy
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Figure 4.16.3: Booster algorithm fo
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allergic reaction occurs following
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age group11,12 and affecting 3.8% o
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of age, the risk of IS was increase
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Interchangeability of rotavirus vac
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gestational age; median 34 weeks) w
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Infants living in households with p
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4.17.12 Variations from product inf
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2003, rubella notifications in Aust
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zoster virus [Oka strain]). Lyophil
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children
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A number of commercial assays for t
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Germany indicates that no case of v
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case. Seronegative women of child-b
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4.19 TETANUS 4.19.1 Bacteriology Te
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Formulations for children aged
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4.19.5 Transport, storage and handl
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foreign bodies (especially wood spl
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studies indicate that the adverse r
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The product information for Adacel
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of MDR-TB cases identified has incr
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BCG vaccination procedures BCG vacc
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Occupational groups There is some e
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In developed countries, typhoid fev
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A 4th capsule taken on day 7 has be
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4.22 VARICELLA 4.22.1 Virology Vari
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as a case of wild-type varicella oc
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Reconstituted Varivax Refrigerated
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adequate protection from varicella.
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eceived varicella vaccine while bre
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immunoglobulin and other blood prod
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eported in a 9-year follow-up of 70
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high-dose intravenous NHIG are like
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4.23 YELLOW FEVER 4.23.1 Virology Y
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Co-administration with other vaccin
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Vaccine-associated neurotropic adve
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1000 cases per 100 000 population i
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administration of Zostavax with 23-
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diagnosis. In addition, the risk of
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Laboratory testing to check for an
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the immunoglobulin preparations con
Page 473 and 474: Prevention of measles Measles vacci
Page 475 and 476: who are being treated with immunosu
Page 477 and 478: limb with a separate syringe, and a
Page 479 and 480: APPENDIX 1: CONTACT DETAILS FOR AUS
Page 481 and 482: APPENDIX 2: LITERATURE SEARCH STRAT
Page 483 and 484: APPENDIX 3: COMPONENTS OF VACCINES
Page 485 and 486: Vaccine component* Vaccine brand
Page 487 and 488: APPENDIX 4: COMMONLY ASKED QUESTION
Page 489 and 490: When should preterm infants be vacc
Page 491 and 492: If a parent decides not to have a c
Page 493 and 494: Should vaccines be given to persons
Page 495 and 496: eason not to vaccinate. Asthma, ecz
Page 497 and 498: Does MMR vaccine cause inflammatory
Page 499 and 500: (either alone or in combination) fo
Page 501 and 502: A4.5 Questions about the need for i
Page 503 and 504: APPENDIX 5: GLOSSARY OF TECHNICAL T
Page 505 and 506: Enzootic enzootic infections are pr
Page 507 and 508: Rotavirus a virus that is a common
Page 509 and 510: APPENDIX 6: COMMONLY USED ABBREVIAT
Page 511 and 512: OPV oral poliomyelitis vaccine PCEC
Page 513 and 514: Year Vaccine 2003 Varicella 2003 Me
Page 515 and 516: identifying the injection site, 79-
Page 517 and 518: Australian Capital Territory advers
Page 519 and 520: and travellers, 119 vaccines, 177-1
Page 521 and 522: abies and other lyssaviruses (inclu
Page 523: HPV Vaccination Program, 234 human
Page 527 and 528: mercury, in vaccines. see thiomersa
Page 529 and 530: Northern Territory ACIR reporting,
Page 531 and 532: and Haemophilus influenzae type b (
Page 533 and 534: espiratory syncytial virus monoclon
Page 535 and 536: Therapeutic Goods Administration (T
Page 537 and 538: varicella-zoster immunoglobulin, 45
Page 539 and 540: INDEX 525 INDEX
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