The Australian Immunisation Handbook 10th Edition 2013

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were employed to ensure consistency of information retrieval, taking into account new terms added to the databases. Various search methods were tested, including ‘explode’ and ‘focus’ options. ‘Exploded’ terms retrieve citations containing the term being searched and all the narrower related terms in the database. ‘Focus’ searches retrieve citations that have the search term as the major focus of the item. In the trial searches, some items of interest were missed using the ‘focus’ method, thus ‘exploded’ searches were utilised. All subheadings assigned to the subject headings were generally included. In general, the search strategy consisted of the disease topic and relevant vaccine terms, used in combination with the terms immunisation/ immunisation programs. Boolean operators AND, OR and NOT were used as appropriate. To ensure relevant and accurate retrieval, thesaurus terms (the controlled vocabulary terms used in the database) were used whenever possible. Keyword searching was used in the absence of an appropriate thesaurus term or if the database did not have thesaurus terms. To facilitate relevant retrieval and to limit what, in some instances, are very large search result sets, the following limits were applied to the disease topic searches: • Publication year – searches were generally limited to items published from 2006–2011. • Language – searches were limited to items in English. • Human – items discussing only animals were removed. • In vitro – items discussing only in vitro studies were removed. • Abstracts – search results restricted to items containing abstracts. The search limits were slightly modified for some of the searches. For example, the Australian-specific searches did not have search results limited to abstract only, to ensure that all Australian items were retrieved. The ATAGI and NCIRS technical writers also identified, where possible, focused clinical questions for each of the Handbook chapters, in advance of conducting literature searches. Specific searches were conducted for these questions, both using the databases and time periods above, but also using additional databases, longer time periods and other strategies, such as clinical trial registries and handsearching, as necessary. 468 The Australian Immunisation Handbook 10th edition
APPENDIX 3: COMPONENTS OF VACCINES USED IN THE NATIONAL IMMUNISATION PROGRAM Please note that vaccine manufacture is subject to ongoing refinement and change. Therefore, the information in Table A3.1 may change. This information was current as of mid-2012 and has been sourced from the product information (PI) of each vaccine listed. The Therapeutic Goods Administration provides the most current versions of the PI and Consumer Medicines Information (CMI) documents for vaccines (and other medicines) on its website at www.tga.gov.au. For vaccines not listed in the National Immunisation Program, please refer to individual product information leaflet as supplied with the vaccine, or the Handbook chapter pertinent to that vaccine. None of the vaccines listed on the National Immunisation Program contains thiomersal. Table A3.1: Components of vaccines used in the National Immunisation Program Vaccine component* Vaccine brand † Antigen Albumin/serum Avaxim Hepatitis A (HAV) ProQuad Measles-mumps-rubella-varicella (MMRV) Quadracel Diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussisinactivated poliomyelitis (DTPa-IPV) Vaqta Hepatitis A (HAV) paediatric/adolescent Varilrix Varicella (VV) Varivax Refrigerated Varicella (VV) Aluminium Avaxim Hepatitis A (HAV) hydroxide Cervarix Human papillomavirus (HPV) Engerix-B Hepatitis B (HBV) adult and paediatric Havrix Junior Hepatitis A (HAV) paediatric H-B-Vax II Hepatitis B (HBV) adult and paediatric Infanrix IPV Diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussisinactivated poliomyelitis (DTPa-IPV) Menjugate Syringe Serogroup C meningococcal conjugate (MenCCV) NeisVac-C Serogroup C meningococcal conjugate (MenCCV) Vaqta Hepatitis A (HAV) paediatric/adolescent APPENDIX 3 469 APPENDIX 3
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The Australian Immunisation Handboo
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FOREWORD Since 1932, when Governmen
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TABLE OF CONTENTS PART 1 INTRODUCTI
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LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1.1: Pre-vac
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List 4.13.1: Conditions associated
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PREFACE The 10th edition of The Aus
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Secretariat support, Australian Tec
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PART 1 INTRODUCTION TO THE AUSTRALI
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1.2 DEVELOPMENT OF THE 10TH EDITION
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1.3 HOW TO USE THE 10TH EDITION HAN
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1.4 WHAT’S NEW All chapters have
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2.2 Administration of vaccines •
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• The section on vaccination of p
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4.6 Human papillomavirus • HPV va
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• For Aboriginal and Torres Strai
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Part 5 Passive immunisation • Inf
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without the harmful consequences of
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(vaccine failure). Often such infec
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will occur following receipt of a s
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cases, both the doctor issuing the
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Should a child or adolescent refuse
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• check that the correct time int
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Note: Please discuss this informati
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Condition or circumstance of person
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Condition or circumstance of person
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Table 2.1.3: Live attenuated parent
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An online ‘catch-up calculator’
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Use of serological testing to guide
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• For some vaccines, catch-up vac
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Figure 2.1.1: Catch-up worksheet fo
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Vaccine Minimum age for 1st dose in
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Table 2.1.6: Number of vaccine dose
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Catch-up guidelines for individual
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If 13vPCV is not available, and 10v
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Previous vaccination history 2 prev
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PART 2 VACCINATION PROCEDURES 57 Ta
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PART 2 VACCINATION PROCEDURES 59 Ta
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Catch-up schedules for persons ≥1
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For additional details on these rec
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2.2 ADMINISTRATION OF VACCINES 2.2.
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• Never freeze a vaccine after it
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PART 2 VACCINATION PROCEDURES 69 In
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2.2.5 Vaccine injection techniques
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Interruption to a vaccination If th
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2.2.7 Positioning for vaccination I
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Children ≥12 months of age Cuddle
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2.2.8 Identifying the injection sit
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• Place the palm over the greater
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2.2.9 Administering multiple vaccin
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2.3 POST-VACCINATION 2.3.1 Immediat
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Management of an immediate adverse
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Management of anaphylaxis Rapid IM
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Autoinjectors are generally not app
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Australia. 16 This vaccine is no lo
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Any serious or unexpected adverse e
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Consumers and immunisation service
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When relevant, immunisation service
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National Human Papillomavirus Vacci
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Immunisation service providers enro
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PART 3 VACCINATION FOR SPECIAL RISK
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Thus, a vaccine to prevent Hib dise
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3.1.2 Adults Hepatitis B Indigenous
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een low in younger Indigenous adult
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3.2 VACCINATION FOR INTERNATIONAL T
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• vaccination history (including
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departure to allow for the period w
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Selected vaccines based on travel i
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Tick-borne encephalitis Tick-borne
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3.2.5 Vaccinating the traveller wit
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• Travel health and quarantine se
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whether the AEFI is likely to recur
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(see Appendix 1 Contact details for
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avoided, except in situations where
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3.3.3 Vaccination of immunocompromi
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Use of live viral or live bacterial
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Influenza vaccination is recommende
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Haematopoietic stem cell transplant
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Vaccine Months after HSCT Comments
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depending on the number of vaccines
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Persons with functional or anatomic
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Table 3.3.5: Recommendations for va
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Persons with autoimmune diseases an
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Table 3.3.6: Recommended intervals
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3.3.7 Vaccination of persons at occ
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Occupation Vaccine Providers of hom
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against certain vaccine-preventable
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3.3.11 Vaccination of persons who i
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waters. All cases of cholera report
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Children aged 2-6 years Three doses
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4.1.11 Adverse events The inactivat
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4.2.4 Vaccines Diphtheria toxoid is
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• Adacel - Sanofi Pasteur Pty Ltd
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antibodies at an age when waning of
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children aged
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4.3 HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE TYPE B 4
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• Hiberix - GlaxoSmithKline (PRP-
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4.3.7 Recommendations Infants A Hib
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4.3.11 Public health management of
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In recent years, hepatitis A notifi
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Inactivated hepatitis A vaccines ar
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Co-administration with other vaccin
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Recommendations for the use of comb
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4.4.10 Adverse events The most comm
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4.5.3 Epidemiology The prevalence o
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4.5.4 Vaccines Monovalent hepatitis
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For older children and young adults
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Vaccine Age of vaccine recipient Do
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Combination hepatitis A/hepatitis B
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Management of infants born to mothe
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Household or other close (household
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with occult hepatitis B infection.
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immune memory persists and is thoug
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to suggest that a higher proportion
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Table 4.5.3: Post-exposure prophyla
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4.6 HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS 4.6.1 Viro
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women. The prevalence of high-risk
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• Gardasil - CSL Limited/Merck &
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If scheduled doses have been missed
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However, some adult males may gain
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4.6.9 Contraindications The only ab
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4.7 INFLUENZA 4.7.1 Virology The in
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Figure 4.7.1: Influenza notificatio
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Always check annual seasonal influe
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7.5 µg of viral haemagglutinin (in
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Table 4.7.1: Recommended doses of i
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• Chronic respiratory conditions,
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Residents of residential aged care
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influenza vaccine prior to administ
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4.8 JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS 4.8.1 Vir
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28 days following vaccination with
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When using JEspect in children aged
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4.8.8 Pregnancy and breastfeeding I
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4.9 MEASLES 4.9.1 Virology Measles
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4.9.4 Vaccines Monovalent measles v
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4.9.6 Dosage and administration The
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Table 4.9.1: Recommendations for me
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increase in adverse events from vac
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Immunoglobulin or blood product adm
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approximately 5%. 2,25 There is als
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Table 4.9.2: Post-exposure prophyla
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4.10 MENINGOCOCCAL DISEASE 4.10.1 B
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4.10.4 Vaccines There are different
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Polysaccharide vaccines Quadrivalen
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Interchangeability of meningococcal
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• Children (aged ≥9 months) and
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Appendix 1 Contact details for Aust
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4.11 MUMPS 4.11.1 Virology Mumps is
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Trivalent measles-mumps-rubella (MM
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4.11.7 Recommendations Infants aged
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Vaccination with other live attenua
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acquired from healthcare workers. 1
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demonstrated a more rapid decline,
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• Boostrix-IPV - GlaxoSmithKline
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in the previous 10 years. 19,45 Adu
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(see ‘Women who are planning preg
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an HHE. An HHE may last from a few
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The product information for Quadrac
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4.13 PNEUMOCOCCAL DISEASE 4.13.1 Ba
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non-Indigenous children (88%). 19,2
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10-valent pneumococcal conjugate va
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lesser antibody responses to 2nd or
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Table 4.13.1: Recommendations for p
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Category B: Conditions associated w
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Children aged >5 years to 15 years)
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Non-Indigenous adults A single dose
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Adults who have a condition listed
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4.13.11 Adverse events 10-valent pn
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5 years with a condition(s) associa
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virtually eradicated in India, but
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formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, polys
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4.14.8 Pregnancy and breastfeeding
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4.15 Q FEVER 4.15.1 Bacteriology Q
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4.15.4 Vaccine • Q-Vax - CSL Limi
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individuals, which can be accessed
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Refer to 3.3 Groups with special va
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4.16 RABIES AND OTHER LYSSAVIRUSES
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4.16.4 Rabies vaccines • Mérieux
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of an even more accelerated schedul
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Pre-exposure prophylaxis for rabies
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The relevant state/territory health
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Although data are limited on the ef
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Table 4.16.2: Post-exposure prophyl
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Figure 4.16.2: Post-exposure prophy
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Figure 4.16.3: Booster algorithm fo
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allergic reaction occurs following
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age group11,12 and affecting 3.8% o
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of age, the risk of IS was increase
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Interchangeability of rotavirus vac
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gestational age; median 34 weeks) w
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Infants living in households with p
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4.17.12 Variations from product inf
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2003, rubella notifications in Aust
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zoster virus [Oka strain]). Lyophil
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children
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A number of commercial assays for t
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Germany indicates that no case of v
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case. Seronegative women of child-b
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4.19 TETANUS 4.19.1 Bacteriology Te
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Formulations for children aged
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4.19.5 Transport, storage and handl
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foreign bodies (especially wood spl
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studies indicate that the adverse r
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The product information for Adacel
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of MDR-TB cases identified has incr
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BCG vaccination procedures BCG vacc
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Occupational groups There is some e
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4.20.13 Variations from product inf
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Page 435 and 436: 4.21.8 Pregnancy and breastfeeding
Page 437 and 438: 4.22 VARICELLA 4.22.1 Virology Vari
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Page 447 and 448: immunoglobulin and other blood prod
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Page 451 and 452: high-dose intravenous NHIG are like
Page 453 and 454: 4.23 YELLOW FEVER 4.23.1 Virology Y
Page 455 and 456: Co-administration with other vaccin
Page 457 and 458: 4.23.8 Pregnancy and breastfeeding
Page 459 and 460: Vaccine-associated neurotropic adve
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Page 473 and 474: Prevention of measles Measles vacci
Page 475 and 476: who are being treated with immunosu
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Page 479 and 480: APPENDIX 1: CONTACT DETAILS FOR AUS
Page 481: APPENDIX 2: LITERATURE SEARCH STRAT
Page 485 and 486: Vaccine component* Vaccine brand
Page 487 and 488: APPENDIX 4: COMMONLY ASKED QUESTION
Page 489 and 490: When should preterm infants be vacc
Page 491 and 492: If a parent decides not to have a c
Page 493 and 494: Should vaccines be given to persons
Page 495 and 496: eason not to vaccinate. Asthma, ecz
Page 497 and 498: Does MMR vaccine cause inflammatory
Page 499 and 500: (either alone or in combination) fo
Page 501 and 502: A4.5 Questions about the need for i
Page 503 and 504: APPENDIX 5: GLOSSARY OF TECHNICAL T
Page 505 and 506: Enzootic enzootic infections are pr
Page 507 and 508: Rotavirus a virus that is a common
Page 509 and 510: APPENDIX 6: COMMONLY USED ABBREVIAT
Page 511 and 512: OPV oral poliomyelitis vaccine PCEC
Page 513 and 514: Year Vaccine 2003 Varicella 2003 Me
Page 515 and 516: identifying the injection site, 79-
Page 517 and 518: Australian Capital Territory advers
Page 519 and 520: and travellers, 119 vaccines, 177-1
Page 521 and 522: abies and other lyssaviruses (inclu
Page 523 and 524: HPV Vaccination Program, 234 human
Page 525 and 526: interferon-gamma release assays (IG
Page 527 and 528: mercury, in vaccines. see thiomersa
Page 529 and 530: Northern Territory ACIR reporting,
Page 531 and 532: and Haemophilus influenzae type b (
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espiratory syncytial virus monoclon
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Therapeutic Goods Administration (T
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varicella-zoster immunoglobulin, 45
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INDEX 525 INDEX
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