The Australian Immunisation Handbook 10th Edition 2013

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travel to, 116 tuberculosis, 408 typhoid, 416, 418 yellow fever, 114, 439–440, 443 agammaglobulinaemia, vaccination recommendations, 166 aged care facility residents, and influenza vaccination, 255 agricultural staff and students, vaccination recommendations, 172 Agrippal, 247, 470–472 vaccine components, 469–472 AIDS, and zoster vaccination, 450–451 albumin, in vaccines, 469 alcoholism, 13 and influenza vaccination, 254 and pneumococcal disease, 327 and tuberculosis (TB), 408 allergies, 32, 131–133, 480–481. see also egg allergies aluminium hydroxide, in vaccines, 19, 469–470, 484–485 aluminium phosphate, in vaccines, 470, 484–485 Americas cholera, 176 hepatitis B, 118, 209 poliomyelitis, 338 rabies and other lyssaviruses (including Australian bat lyssavirus), 354, 361 rubella, 390 tuberculosis, 409 yellow fever, 114, 116, 439, 440 anaesthesia, vaccination recommendations before or after, 168 anal cancer, 233 anaphylaxis, 37, 43, 87–91, 92–93, 131–132 adrenaline use, 89–91 and cholera vaccination, 180 clinical features, 88 contraindications to vaccination, 37 and diphtheria vaccination, 187, 190 and Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccination, 196, 197 and hepatitis A vaccination, 206 and hepatitis B vaccination, 227, 230 and human papillomavirus vaccination, 241–242 and immunoglobulin injection, 464 an influenza vaccination, 256–257, 258 and Japanese encephalitis vaccination, 265 and measles vaccination, 275, 279 and meningococcal vaccination, 292 and pertussis vaccination, 312 and pneumococcal vaccination, 334 and poliomyelitis vaccination, 343 response kit, 24 502 The Australian Immunisation Handbook 10th edition and rotavirus vaccination, 379 and rubella vaccination, 392 and tetanus vaccination, 404, 405 and tuberculosis vaccination, 414 and typhoid vaccination, 421 vaccination recommendations, 32 and varicella vaccination, 431 and yellow fever vaccination, 443, 444 and zoster vaccination, 453 animals, persons working with influenza vaccination, 255 Q fever vaccination, 346, 348 vaccination recommendations, 172 anogenital warts, 233–234 anterolateral thigh injection site, 79–80 antibiotics, and typhoid vaccination, 421 antiviral medication, and zoster vaccination, 454 armed forces hepatitis B, 223 typhoid, 420 vaccination recommendations, 171 Asia cholera, 176 diphtheria, 187 hepatitis B, 118, 209, 221 influenza, 245 Japanese encephalitis, 113–114, 119, 259–260, 263–264 measles, 268, 269, 487 meningococcal disease, 284 poliomyelitis, 338 rabies and other lyssaviruses (including Australian bat lyssavirus), 345, 361 rubella, 390 tick-borne encephalitis, 121 tuberculosis, 408 typhoid, 122, 416 yellow fever, 439 aspirin therapy and influenza vaccination, 254 and measles vaccination, 278 and varicella vaccination, 433, 438 and zoster vaccination, 454 asplenia, persons with, 10 Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccination, 195–196, 197 meningococcal vaccination, 52, 136, 137, 153, 283, 290, 291, 294 and pneumococcal disease, 317, 326–327, 332 vaccination recommendations, 35, 62, 161–164, 163–164 Australian bat lyssavirus (ABLV), 353, 354. see also rabies and other lyssaviruses (including Australian bat lyssavirus)
Australian Capital Territory adverse events following immunisation (AEFI) notification, 95, 96 age of consent, 26 Australian Red Cross Blood Service, 457 government health authority and communicable disease control contact details, 465–466 pneumococcal vaccination, 52, 56 Australian Childhood Immunisation Register (ACIR), 39, 89–99, 174, 268, 465 Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing, 4, 22, 122, 129, 442, 465, 488 Australian Government Department of Immigration and Citizenship (DIAC), information about refugee immunisation, 173 Australian Influenza Vaccine Committee, 248 Australian Q Fever Register, 102, 349 Australian Red Cross Blood Service, 457 Australian Technical Advisory Group on Immunisation, xi–xii, 1, 3 autism, 94, 280, 483 autoimmune conditions, vaccination recommendations, 165 Avaxim, 199 lower age limits for, 127 recommended doses and schedules, 125, 202 vaccine components, 469–471 B BabyBIG, 461 bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccine. see BCG vaccine bats. see animals, persons working with BCG (bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccine) vaccine, 16, 37, 67, 409–410 adverse events following immunisation (AEFI), 414 contraindications to vaccination, 413 dosage and administration, 410–411 and HIV-infected persons, 159 and immunocompromised persons, 147–148 for Indigenous neonates, 104, 105, 106 precautions, 414 and pregnancy, 139, 142, 413 recipients of, further vaccination recommendations, 32 route of vaccine administration, 68–69, 72 and subsequent live vaccines, 33, 271, 276, 298, 300, 376, 388, 393 transport, storage and handling, 410 and travellers, 121 vaccination procedures, 411 vaccination recommendations, 412–413 variations from product information, 414 bleeding disorders, vaccination recommendations, 35, 168 blood product recipients, 33, 166–167 hepatitis B, 222–223 measles, 276–277 rotavirus, 381 rubella, 393–394 varicella, 432–433 zoster, 454 body-piercers. see skin penetration procedures bone marrow malignancies, and tuberculosis vaccination, 413 Boostrix, 185, 306, 400 doses and route of administration, 123 vaccine components, 470 variations from product information, 189, 190, 315–316, 406–407 Boostrix-IPV, 185, 307, 341, 400 doses and route of administration, 123 variations from product information, 189, 190, 315–316, 344, 407 borax, in vaccines, 470 Bordetella parapertussis, 302. see also pertussis Bordetella pertussis, 302, 398. see also pertussis botulism antitoxin, 461 availability, 457 brachial neuritis, 93, 489 and diphtheria vaccination, 187–188 and pertussis vaccination, 313 and tetanus vaccination, 405 breast cancer patients, injection sites, 74 breastfeeding and cholera vaccination, 180 and diphtheria vaccination, 187 and Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccination, 196 and hepatitis A vaccination, 206 and human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination, 240 and influenza vaccination, 256 and Japanese encephalitis vaccination, 264–265 and measles vaccination, 275 and meningococcal vaccination, 291–292 and mumps vaccination, 300 and pertussis vaccination, 310–311 and pneumococcal vaccination, 334 and Q fever vaccination, 350–351 and rabies vaccination, 370 and rotavirus vaccination, 379 and rubella vaccination, 391–392 and tetanus vaccination, 402 and tuberculosis vaccination, 413 vaccination recommendations, 142–143 and varicella vaccination, 430–431 and yellow fever vaccination, 443 and zoster vaccination, 453 INDEX 503 INDEX
Page 1 and 2:
The Australian Immunisation Handboo
Page 3 and 4:
FOREWORD Since 1932, when Governmen
Page 5 and 6:
TABLE OF CONTENTS PART 1 INTRODUCTI
Page 7 and 8:
LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1.1: Pre-vac
Page 9 and 10:
List 4.13.1: Conditions associated
Page 11 and 12:
PREFACE The 10th edition of The Aus
Page 13 and 14:
Secretariat support, Australian Tec
Page 15 and 16:
PART 1 INTRODUCTION TO THE AUSTRALI
Page 17 and 18:
1.2 DEVELOPMENT OF THE 10TH EDITION
Page 19 and 20:
1.3 HOW TO USE THE 10TH EDITION HAN
Page 21 and 22:
1.4 WHAT’S NEW All chapters have
Page 23 and 24:
2.2 Administration of vaccines •
Page 25 and 26:
• The section on vaccination of p
Page 27 and 28:
4.6 Human papillomavirus • HPV va
Page 29 and 30:
• For Aboriginal and Torres Strai
Page 31 and 32:
Part 5 Passive immunisation • Inf
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without the harmful consequences of
Page 35 and 36:
(vaccine failure). Often such infec
Page 37 and 38:
will occur following receipt of a s
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cases, both the doctor issuing the
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Should a child or adolescent refuse
Page 43 and 44:
• check that the correct time int
Page 45 and 46:
Note: Please discuss this informati
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Condition or circumstance of person
Page 49 and 50:
Condition or circumstance of person
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Table 2.1.3: Live attenuated parent
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An online ‘catch-up calculator’
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Use of serological testing to guide
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• For some vaccines, catch-up vac
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Figure 2.1.1: Catch-up worksheet fo
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Vaccine Minimum age for 1st dose in
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Table 2.1.6: Number of vaccine dose
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Catch-up guidelines for individual
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If 13vPCV is not available, and 10v
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Previous vaccination history 2 prev
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PART 2 VACCINATION PROCEDURES 57 Ta
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PART 2 VACCINATION PROCEDURES 59 Ta
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Catch-up schedules for persons ≥1
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For additional details on these rec
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2.2 ADMINISTRATION OF VACCINES 2.2.
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• Never freeze a vaccine after it
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PART 2 VACCINATION PROCEDURES 69 In
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2.2.5 Vaccine injection techniques
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Interruption to a vaccination If th
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2.2.7 Positioning for vaccination I
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Children ≥12 months of age Cuddle
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2.2.8 Identifying the injection sit
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• Place the palm over the greater
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2.2.9 Administering multiple vaccin
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2.3 POST-VACCINATION 2.3.1 Immediat
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Management of an immediate adverse
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Management of anaphylaxis Rapid IM
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Autoinjectors are generally not app
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Australia. 16 This vaccine is no lo
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Any serious or unexpected adverse e
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Consumers and immunisation service
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When relevant, immunisation service
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National Human Papillomavirus Vacci
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Immunisation service providers enro
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PART 3 VACCINATION FOR SPECIAL RISK
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Thus, a vaccine to prevent Hib dise
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3.1.2 Adults Hepatitis B Indigenous
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een low in younger Indigenous adult
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3.2 VACCINATION FOR INTERNATIONAL T
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• vaccination history (including
Page 131 and 132:
departure to allow for the period w
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Selected vaccines based on travel i
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Tick-borne encephalitis Tick-borne
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Page 139 and 140:
Page 141 and 142:
3.2.5 Vaccinating the traveller wit
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• Travel health and quarantine se
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whether the AEFI is likely to recur
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(see Appendix 1 Contact details for
Page 149 and 150:
Page 151 and 152:
Page 153 and 154:
Page 155 and 156:
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avoided, except in situations where
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3.3.3 Vaccination of immunocompromi
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Use of live viral or live bacterial
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Influenza vaccination is recommende
Page 165 and 166:
Page 167 and 168:
Page 169 and 170:
Haematopoietic stem cell transplant
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Vaccine Months after HSCT Comments
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depending on the number of vaccines
Page 175 and 176:
Persons with functional or anatomic
Page 177 and 178:
Table 3.3.5: Recommendations for va
Page 179 and 180:
Persons with autoimmune diseases an
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Table 3.3.6: Recommended intervals
Page 183 and 184:
3.3.7 Vaccination of persons at occ
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Occupation Vaccine Providers of hom
Page 187 and 188:
against certain vaccine-preventable
Page 189 and 190:
3.3.11 Vaccination of persons who i
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waters. All cases of cholera report
Page 193 and 194:
Children aged 2-6 years Three doses
Page 195 and 196:
4.1.11 Adverse events The inactivat
Page 197 and 198:
4.2.4 Vaccines Diphtheria toxoid is
Page 199 and 200:
• Adacel - Sanofi Pasteur Pty Ltd
Page 201 and 202:
antibodies at an age when waning of
Page 203 and 204:
children aged
Page 205 and 206:
4.3 HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE TYPE B 4
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• Hiberix - GlaxoSmithKline (PRP-
Page 209 and 210:
4.3.7 Recommendations Infants A Hib
Page 211 and 212:
4.3.11 Public health management of
Page 213 and 214:
In recent years, hepatitis A notifi
Page 215 and 216:
Inactivated hepatitis A vaccines ar
Page 217 and 218:
Co-administration with other vaccin
Page 219 and 220:
Recommendations for the use of comb
Page 221 and 222:
4.4.10 Adverse events The most comm
Page 223 and 224:
4.5.3 Epidemiology The prevalence o
Page 225 and 226:
4.5.4 Vaccines Monovalent hepatitis
Page 227 and 228:
For older children and young adults
Page 229 and 230:
Vaccine Age of vaccine recipient Do
Page 231 and 232:
Combination hepatitis A/hepatitis B
Page 233 and 234:
Management of infants born to mothe
Page 235 and 236:
Household or other close (household
Page 237 and 238:
with occult hepatitis B infection.
Page 239 and 240:
immune memory persists and is thoug
Page 241 and 242:
to suggest that a higher proportion
Page 243 and 244:
Table 4.5.3: Post-exposure prophyla
Page 245 and 246:
4.6 HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS 4.6.1 Viro
Page 247 and 248:
women. The prevalence of high-risk
Page 249 and 250:
• Gardasil - CSL Limited/Merck &
Page 251 and 252:
If scheduled doses have been missed
Page 253 and 254:
However, some adult males may gain
Page 255 and 256:
4.6.9 Contraindications The only ab
Page 257 and 258:
4.7 INFLUENZA 4.7.1 Virology The in
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Figure 4.7.1: Influenza notificatio
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Always check annual seasonal influe
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7.5 µg of viral haemagglutinin (in
Page 265 and 266:
Table 4.7.1: Recommended doses of i
Page 267 and 268:
• Chronic respiratory conditions,
Page 269 and 270:
Residents of residential aged care
Page 271 and 272:
influenza vaccine prior to administ
Page 273 and 274:
4.8 JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS 4.8.1 Vir
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28 days following vaccination with
Page 277 and 278:
When using JEspect in children aged
Page 279 and 280:
4.8.8 Pregnancy and breastfeeding I
Page 281 and 282:
4.9 MEASLES 4.9.1 Virology Measles
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4.9.4 Vaccines Monovalent measles v
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4.9.6 Dosage and administration The
Page 287 and 288:
Table 4.9.1: Recommendations for me
Page 289 and 290:
increase in adverse events from vac
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Immunoglobulin or blood product adm
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approximately 5%. 2,25 There is als
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Table 4.9.2: Post-exposure prophyla
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4.10 MENINGOCOCCAL DISEASE 4.10.1 B
Page 299 and 300:
4.10.4 Vaccines There are different
Page 301 and 302:
Polysaccharide vaccines Quadrivalen
Page 303 and 304:
Interchangeability of meningococcal
Page 305 and 306:
• Children (aged ≥9 months) and
Page 307 and 308:
Appendix 1 Contact details for Aust
Page 309 and 310:
4.11 MUMPS 4.11.1 Virology Mumps is
Page 311 and 312:
Trivalent measles-mumps-rubella (MM
Page 313 and 314:
4.11.7 Recommendations Infants aged
Page 315 and 316:
Vaccination with other live attenua
Page 317 and 318:
acquired from healthcare workers. 1
Page 319 and 320:
demonstrated a more rapid decline,
Page 321 and 322:
• Boostrix-IPV - GlaxoSmithKline
Page 323 and 324:
in the previous 10 years. 19,45 Adu
Page 325 and 326:
(see ‘Women who are planning preg
Page 327 and 328:
an HHE. An HHE may last from a few
Page 329 and 330:
The product information for Quadrac
Page 331 and 332:
4.13 PNEUMOCOCCAL DISEASE 4.13.1 Ba
Page 333 and 334:
non-Indigenous children (88%). 19,2
Page 335 and 336:
10-valent pneumococcal conjugate va
Page 337 and 338:
lesser antibody responses to 2nd or
Page 339 and 340:
Table 4.13.1: Recommendations for p
Page 341 and 342:
Category B: Conditions associated w
Page 343 and 344:
Children aged >5 years to 15 years)
Page 345 and 346:
Non-Indigenous adults A single dose
Page 347 and 348:
Adults who have a condition listed
Page 349 and 350:
4.13.11 Adverse events 10-valent pn
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5 years with a condition(s) associa
Page 353 and 354:
virtually eradicated in India, but
Page 355 and 356:
formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, polys
Page 357 and 358:
4.14.8 Pregnancy and breastfeeding
Page 359 and 360:
4.15 Q FEVER 4.15.1 Bacteriology Q
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4.15.4 Vaccine • Q-Vax - CSL Limi
Page 363 and 364:
individuals, which can be accessed
Page 365 and 366:
Refer to 3.3 Groups with special va
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4.16 RABIES AND OTHER LYSSAVIRUSES
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4.16.4 Rabies vaccines • Mérieux
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of an even more accelerated schedul
Page 373 and 374:
Pre-exposure prophylaxis for rabies
Page 375 and 376:
The relevant state/territory health
Page 377 and 378:
Although data are limited on the ef
Page 379 and 380:
Table 4.16.2: Post-exposure prophyl
Page 381 and 382:
Figure 4.16.2: Post-exposure prophy
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Figure 4.16.3: Booster algorithm fo
Page 385 and 386:
allergic reaction occurs following
Page 387 and 388:
age group11,12 and affecting 3.8% o
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of age, the risk of IS was increase
Page 391 and 392:
Interchangeability of rotavirus vac
Page 393 and 394:
gestational age; median 34 weeks) w
Page 395 and 396:
Infants living in households with p
Page 397 and 398:
4.17.12 Variations from product inf
Page 399 and 400:
2003, rubella notifications in Aust
Page 401 and 402:
zoster virus [Oka strain]). Lyophil
Page 403 and 404:
children
Page 405 and 406:
A number of commercial assays for t
Page 407 and 408:
Germany indicates that no case of v
Page 409 and 410:
case. Seronegative women of child-b
Page 411 and 412:
4.19 TETANUS 4.19.1 Bacteriology Te
Page 413 and 414:
Formulations for children aged
Page 415 and 416:
4.19.5 Transport, storage and handl
Page 417 and 418:
foreign bodies (especially wood spl
Page 419 and 420:
studies indicate that the adverse r
Page 421 and 422:
The product information for Adacel
Page 423 and 424:
of MDR-TB cases identified has incr
Page 425 and 426:
BCG vaccination procedures BCG vacc
Page 427 and 428:
Occupational groups There is some e
Page 429 and 430:
4.20.13 Variations from product inf
Page 431 and 432:
In developed countries, typhoid fev
Page 433 and 434:
A 4th capsule taken on day 7 has be
Page 435 and 436:
Page 437 and 438:
4.22 VARICELLA 4.22.1 Virology Vari
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as a case of wild-type varicella oc
Page 441 and 442:
Reconstituted Varivax Refrigerated
Page 443 and 444:
adequate protection from varicella.
Page 445 and 446:
eceived varicella vaccine while bre
Page 447 and 448:
immunoglobulin and other blood prod
Page 449 and 450:
eported in a 9-year follow-up of 70
Page 451 and 452:
high-dose intravenous NHIG are like
Page 453 and 454:
4.23 YELLOW FEVER 4.23.1 Virology Y
Page 455 and 456:
Co-administration with other vaccin
Page 457 and 458:
Page 459 and 460:
Vaccine-associated neurotropic adve
Page 461 and 462:
1000 cases per 100 000 population i
Page 463 and 464:
administration of Zostavax with 23-
Page 465 and 466: diagnosis. In addition, the risk of
Page 467 and 468: Laboratory testing to check for an
Page 469 and 470: 4.24.12 Variations from product inf
Page 471 and 472: the immunoglobulin preparations con
Page 473 and 474: Prevention of measles Measles vacci
Page 475 and 476: who are being treated with immunosu
Page 477 and 478: limb with a separate syringe, and a
Page 479 and 480: APPENDIX 1: CONTACT DETAILS FOR AUS
Page 481 and 482: APPENDIX 2: LITERATURE SEARCH STRAT
Page 483 and 484: APPENDIX 3: COMPONENTS OF VACCINES
Page 485 and 486: Vaccine component* Vaccine brand
Page 487 and 488: APPENDIX 4: COMMONLY ASKED QUESTION
Page 489 and 490: When should preterm infants be vacc
Page 491 and 492: If a parent decides not to have a c
Page 493 and 494: Should vaccines be given to persons
Page 495 and 496: eason not to vaccinate. Asthma, ecz
Page 497 and 498: Does MMR vaccine cause inflammatory
Page 499 and 500: (either alone or in combination) fo
Page 501 and 502: A4.5 Questions about the need for i
Page 503 and 504: APPENDIX 5: GLOSSARY OF TECHNICAL T
Page 505 and 506: Enzootic enzootic infections are pr
Page 507 and 508: Rotavirus a virus that is a common
Page 509 and 510: APPENDIX 6: COMMONLY USED ABBREVIAT
Page 511 and 512: OPV oral poliomyelitis vaccine PCEC
Page 513 and 514: Year Vaccine 2003 Varicella 2003 Me
Page 515: identifying the injection site, 79-
Page 519 and 520: and travellers, 119 vaccines, 177-1
Page 521 and 522: abies and other lyssaviruses (inclu
Page 523 and 524: HPV Vaccination Program, 234 human
Page 525 and 526: interferon-gamma release assays (IG
Page 527 and 528: mercury, in vaccines. see thiomersa
Page 529 and 530: Northern Territory ACIR reporting,
Page 531 and 532: and Haemophilus influenzae type b (
Page 533 and 534: espiratory syncytial virus monoclon
Page 535 and 536: Therapeutic Goods Administration (T
Page 537 and 538: varicella-zoster immunoglobulin, 45
Page 539 and 540: INDEX 525 INDEX
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