The Australian Immunisation Handbook 10th Edition 2013

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M malabsorption syndromes, and rotavirus vaccination, 380 malnutrition, and tuberculosis vaccination, 413 mannitol, in vaccines, 19, 471, 485 Mantoux test. see tuberculin skin test manufacturing residuals, in vaccines, 486 measles adverse events following immunisation (AEFI), 278–280 changes in the 10th edition of the handbook, 13–14 clinical features, 267 co-administration with other vaccines, 271 contraindications to vaccination, 275–276 dosage and administration, 271 epidemiology, 267–268 global elimination, 268 higher risk groups, 274–275 and other live attenuated parenteral vaccines, 276 precautions, 276–278 pregnancy and breastfeeding, 275 public health management, 280–281 recommendations, 271–275 serological testing for immunity, 274–275 transport, storage and handling of vaccines, 270 and travellers, 118 vaccines, 269–270 variations from product information, 282 virology, 267 measles control campaigns, 268, 296, 384 measles-mumps-rubella vaccine. see MMR (measles-mumps-rubella) vaccine measles-mumps-rubella-varicella vaccine. see MMRV (measles-mumps-rubella-varicella) vaccine meat industry workers. see animals, persons working with Medicare Online, 98 men who have sex with men, 174 hepatitis A, 204, 205 hepatitis B, 221, 224 human papillomavirus (HPV), 232, 239 Menactra, 285–286 adverse events following immunisation (AEFI), 292 dosage and administration, 125 lower age limits for, 127 variations from product information, 293 Mencevax ACWY, 287 transport, storage and handling, 288 Meningitec, 285 vaccine components, 470 variations from product information, 293 512 The Australian Immunisation Handbook 10th edition meningitis. see Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib); meningococcal disease meningococcal C conjugate vaccines (MenCCV), 284, 285, 289–290. see also meningococcal disease dosage and administration, 288 minimum acceptable age for the 1st vaccine dose, 47 variations from product information, 293 meningococcal disease, 283–294 adverse events following immunisation (AEFI), 292 bacteriology, 283 catch-up vaccination guidelines for children, 52 catch-up vaccination schedules for those ≥10 years of age, 63–64 changes in the 10th edition of the handbook, 14 clinical features, 283 contraindications to vaccination, 292 dosage and administration, 288–289 epidemiology, 284 and haematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients, 157 higher risk groups, 289–291 interchangeability of vaccines, 289 minimum acceptable vaccine dose intervals, 50 number of vaccine doses for children, 49 and persons with asplenia, 161–162, 163–164 pregnancy and breastfeeding, 136, 291–292 public health management, 292–293 recommendations, 289–291 and solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients, 153 transport, storage and handling, 287–288 and travellers, 120 vaccines, 69, 285–287 variations from vaccine product information, 293–294 Menitorix, 51, 52, 55, 193, 285 transport, storage and handling, 194, 288 Menjugate Syringe, 285 transport, storage and handling, 287 vaccine components, 469 variations from product information, 293 Menomune, 287 dosage and administration, 126 lower age limits for, 127 transport, storage and handling, 288 Menveo, 286 dosage and administration, 125 lower age limits for, 127 transport, storage and handling, 288 variations from product information, 293
mercury, in vaccines. see thiomersal, in vaccines Mérieux Inactivated Rabies Vaccine, 133, 355. see also human diploid cell vaccine (HDCV) dosage and administration, 126 metabolic diseases and rotavirus vaccination, 380 vaccination recommendations, 165 Middle East hepatitis B, 209, 221 meningococcal disease, 116, 120, 290 pilgrimage to Mecca (Hajj and Umra), 116, 120, 129, 290 migrants to Australia, 173–174 from hepatitis B endemic countries, 12, 209, 221 immunisation schedules for other countries, 39 and travel, 127 tuberculosis, 412 typhoid, 417 military personnel. see armed forces minimum acceptable age for the 1st dose of vaccination, 8, 41, 46–48 minimum acceptable dose intervals for children, 41, 42, 50 MMR (measles-mumps-rubella) vaccines, 269–270, 296–297, 386, 425 and adults and adolescents, 273 adverse events following immunisation (AEFI), 278–280, 301, 394 catch-up vaccination guidelines for children, 52 catch-up vaccination schedules for those ≥10 years of age, 63–64 and children, 272–273, 299 co-administration with other vaccines, 271, 301 contraindications to vaccination, 392–393 dosage and administration, 271, 387–388 and HIV-infected persons, 158–159 and immunocompromised persons, 147 and infants, 274, 299 interchangeability of vaccines, 271 minimum acceptable age for the 1st vaccine dose, 47 minimum acceptable vaccine dose intervals, 50 number of vaccine doses for children, 49 precautions, 276–278, 393–394 pregnancy and breastfeeding, 140, 275, 300, 391–392 recommended intervals between immunoglobulins or blood products and the vaccine, 167 and tuberculosis vaccination, 414 vaccination and egg allergies, 132–133 vaccination of suspected rubella contacts, 394–395 vaccination recommendations, 388–391 vaccination schedule, 273 variations from product information, 282, 396 and yellow fever vaccination, 444 and zoster vaccination, 450 M-M-R II, 68, 269, 297, 386 dosage and administration, 124, 271, 298, 387 transport, storage and handling, 270, 298, 387 variations from product information, 282 MMRV (measles-mumps-rubella-varicella) vaccines, 68–69, 270, 296–297, 386, 424, 425, 426 and adults and adolescents, 273, 299–300, 428–429 adverse events following immunisation (AEFI), 278–280, 301, 394 catch-up vaccination guidelines for children, 52 and children, 272–273, 299, 428 co-administration with other vaccines, 271, 301 dosage and administration, 271, 387–388, 427 and immunocompromised persons, 147 precautions, 276–278, 393–394 pregnancy and breastfeeding, 140, 275, 300, 391–392 recommended intervals between immunoglobulins or blood products and the vaccine, 167 and tuberculosis vaccination, 414 vaccination of suspected rubella contacts, 394–395 vaccination recommendations, 388–391 vaccination schedule, 273 variations from product information, 282, 396, 437–438 and varicella vaccination, 430–431 and yellow fever vaccination, 444 Modified Essen, 363 monosodium glutamate (MSG), in vaccines, 471, 485 Morbillivirus, 267. see also measles multi-dose vials, 67 multiple sclerosis, vaccination recommendations, 165 mumps, 295–301 adverse events following immunisation (AEFI), 301 changes in the 10th edition of the handbook, 13–14 clinical features, 295 INDEX 513 INDEX
Page 1 and 2:
The Australian Immunisation Handboo
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FOREWORD Since 1932, when Governmen
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TABLE OF CONTENTS PART 1 INTRODUCTI
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LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1.1: Pre-vac
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List 4.13.1: Conditions associated
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PREFACE The 10th edition of The Aus
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Secretariat support, Australian Tec
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PART 1 INTRODUCTION TO THE AUSTRALI
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1.2 DEVELOPMENT OF THE 10TH EDITION
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1.3 HOW TO USE THE 10TH EDITION HAN
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1.4 WHAT’S NEW All chapters have
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2.2 Administration of vaccines •
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• The section on vaccination of p
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4.6 Human papillomavirus • HPV va
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• For Aboriginal and Torres Strai
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Part 5 Passive immunisation • Inf
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without the harmful consequences of
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(vaccine failure). Often such infec
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will occur following receipt of a s
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cases, both the doctor issuing the
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Should a child or adolescent refuse
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• check that the correct time int
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Note: Please discuss this informati
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Condition or circumstance of person
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Condition or circumstance of person
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Table 2.1.3: Live attenuated parent
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An online ‘catch-up calculator’
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Use of serological testing to guide
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• For some vaccines, catch-up vac
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Figure 2.1.1: Catch-up worksheet fo
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Vaccine Minimum age for 1st dose in
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Table 2.1.6: Number of vaccine dose
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Catch-up guidelines for individual
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If 13vPCV is not available, and 10v
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Previous vaccination history 2 prev
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PART 2 VACCINATION PROCEDURES 57 Ta
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PART 2 VACCINATION PROCEDURES 59 Ta
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Catch-up schedules for persons ≥1
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For additional details on these rec
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2.2 ADMINISTRATION OF VACCINES 2.2.
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• Never freeze a vaccine after it
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PART 2 VACCINATION PROCEDURES 69 In
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2.2.5 Vaccine injection techniques
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Interruption to a vaccination If th
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2.2.7 Positioning for vaccination I
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Children ≥12 months of age Cuddle
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2.2.8 Identifying the injection sit
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• Place the palm over the greater
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2.2.9 Administering multiple vaccin
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2.3 POST-VACCINATION 2.3.1 Immediat
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Management of an immediate adverse
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Management of anaphylaxis Rapid IM
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Autoinjectors are generally not app
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Australia. 16 This vaccine is no lo
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Any serious or unexpected adverse e
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Consumers and immunisation service
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When relevant, immunisation service
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National Human Papillomavirus Vacci
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Immunisation service providers enro
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PART 3 VACCINATION FOR SPECIAL RISK
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Thus, a vaccine to prevent Hib dise
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3.1.2 Adults Hepatitis B Indigenous
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een low in younger Indigenous adult
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3.2 VACCINATION FOR INTERNATIONAL T
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• vaccination history (including
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departure to allow for the period w
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Selected vaccines based on travel i
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Tick-borne encephalitis Tick-borne
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3.2.5 Vaccinating the traveller wit
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• Travel health and quarantine se
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whether the AEFI is likely to recur
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(see Appendix 1 Contact details for
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avoided, except in situations where
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3.3.3 Vaccination of immunocompromi
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Use of live viral or live bacterial
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Influenza vaccination is recommende
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Haematopoietic stem cell transplant
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Vaccine Months after HSCT Comments
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depending on the number of vaccines
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Persons with functional or anatomic
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Table 3.3.5: Recommendations for va
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Persons with autoimmune diseases an
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Table 3.3.6: Recommended intervals
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3.3.7 Vaccination of persons at occ
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Occupation Vaccine Providers of hom
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against certain vaccine-preventable
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3.3.11 Vaccination of persons who i
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waters. All cases of cholera report
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Children aged 2-6 years Three doses
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4.1.11 Adverse events The inactivat
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4.2.4 Vaccines Diphtheria toxoid is
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• Adacel - Sanofi Pasteur Pty Ltd
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antibodies at an age when waning of
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children aged
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4.3 HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE TYPE B 4
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• Hiberix - GlaxoSmithKline (PRP-
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4.3.7 Recommendations Infants A Hib
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4.3.11 Public health management of
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In recent years, hepatitis A notifi
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Inactivated hepatitis A vaccines ar
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Co-administration with other vaccin
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Recommendations for the use of comb
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4.4.10 Adverse events The most comm
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4.5.3 Epidemiology The prevalence o
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4.5.4 Vaccines Monovalent hepatitis
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For older children and young adults
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Vaccine Age of vaccine recipient Do
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Combination hepatitis A/hepatitis B
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Management of infants born to mothe
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Household or other close (household
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with occult hepatitis B infection.
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immune memory persists and is thoug
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to suggest that a higher proportion
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Table 4.5.3: Post-exposure prophyla
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4.6 HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS 4.6.1 Viro
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women. The prevalence of high-risk
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• Gardasil - CSL Limited/Merck &
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If scheduled doses have been missed
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However, some adult males may gain
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4.6.9 Contraindications The only ab
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4.7 INFLUENZA 4.7.1 Virology The in
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Figure 4.7.1: Influenza notificatio
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Always check annual seasonal influe
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7.5 µg of viral haemagglutinin (in
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Table 4.7.1: Recommended doses of i
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• Chronic respiratory conditions,
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Residents of residential aged care
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influenza vaccine prior to administ
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4.8 JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS 4.8.1 Vir
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28 days following vaccination with
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When using JEspect in children aged
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4.8.8 Pregnancy and breastfeeding I
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4.9 MEASLES 4.9.1 Virology Measles
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4.9.4 Vaccines Monovalent measles v
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4.9.6 Dosage and administration The
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Table 4.9.1: Recommendations for me
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increase in adverse events from vac
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Immunoglobulin or blood product adm
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approximately 5%. 2,25 There is als
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Table 4.9.2: Post-exposure prophyla
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4.10 MENINGOCOCCAL DISEASE 4.10.1 B
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4.10.4 Vaccines There are different
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Polysaccharide vaccines Quadrivalen
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Interchangeability of meningococcal
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• Children (aged ≥9 months) and
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Appendix 1 Contact details for Aust
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4.11 MUMPS 4.11.1 Virology Mumps is
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Trivalent measles-mumps-rubella (MM
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4.11.7 Recommendations Infants aged
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Vaccination with other live attenua
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acquired from healthcare workers. 1
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demonstrated a more rapid decline,
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• Boostrix-IPV - GlaxoSmithKline
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in the previous 10 years. 19,45 Adu
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(see ‘Women who are planning preg
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an HHE. An HHE may last from a few
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The product information for Quadrac
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4.13 PNEUMOCOCCAL DISEASE 4.13.1 Ba
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non-Indigenous children (88%). 19,2
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10-valent pneumococcal conjugate va
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lesser antibody responses to 2nd or
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Table 4.13.1: Recommendations for p
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Category B: Conditions associated w
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Children aged >5 years to 15 years)
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Non-Indigenous adults A single dose
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Adults who have a condition listed
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4.13.11 Adverse events 10-valent pn
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5 years with a condition(s) associa
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virtually eradicated in India, but
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formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, polys
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4.14.8 Pregnancy and breastfeeding
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4.15 Q FEVER 4.15.1 Bacteriology Q
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4.15.4 Vaccine • Q-Vax - CSL Limi
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individuals, which can be accessed
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Refer to 3.3 Groups with special va
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4.16 RABIES AND OTHER LYSSAVIRUSES
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4.16.4 Rabies vaccines • Mérieux
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of an even more accelerated schedul
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Pre-exposure prophylaxis for rabies
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The relevant state/territory health
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Although data are limited on the ef
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Table 4.16.2: Post-exposure prophyl
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Figure 4.16.2: Post-exposure prophy
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Figure 4.16.3: Booster algorithm fo
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allergic reaction occurs following
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age group11,12 and affecting 3.8% o
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of age, the risk of IS was increase
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Interchangeability of rotavirus vac
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gestational age; median 34 weeks) w
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Infants living in households with p
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4.17.12 Variations from product inf
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2003, rubella notifications in Aust
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zoster virus [Oka strain]). Lyophil
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children
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A number of commercial assays for t
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Germany indicates that no case of v
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case. Seronegative women of child-b
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4.19 TETANUS 4.19.1 Bacteriology Te
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Formulations for children aged
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4.19.5 Transport, storage and handl
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foreign bodies (especially wood spl
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studies indicate that the adverse r
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The product information for Adacel
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of MDR-TB cases identified has incr
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BCG vaccination procedures BCG vacc
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Occupational groups There is some e
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In developed countries, typhoid fev
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A 4th capsule taken on day 7 has be
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4.22 VARICELLA 4.22.1 Virology Vari
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as a case of wild-type varicella oc
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Reconstituted Varivax Refrigerated
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adequate protection from varicella.
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eceived varicella vaccine while bre
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immunoglobulin and other blood prod
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eported in a 9-year follow-up of 70
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high-dose intravenous NHIG are like
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4.23 YELLOW FEVER 4.23.1 Virology Y
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Co-administration with other vaccin
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Vaccine-associated neurotropic adve
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1000 cases per 100 000 population i
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administration of Zostavax with 23-
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diagnosis. In addition, the risk of
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Laboratory testing to check for an
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the immunoglobulin preparations con
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Prevention of measles Measles vacci
Page 475 and 476: who are being treated with immunosu
Page 477 and 478: limb with a separate syringe, and a
Page 479 and 480: APPENDIX 1: CONTACT DETAILS FOR AUS
Page 481 and 482: APPENDIX 2: LITERATURE SEARCH STRAT
Page 483 and 484: APPENDIX 3: COMPONENTS OF VACCINES
Page 485 and 486: Vaccine component* Vaccine brand
Page 487 and 488: APPENDIX 4: COMMONLY ASKED QUESTION
Page 489 and 490: When should preterm infants be vacc
Page 491 and 492: If a parent decides not to have a c
Page 493 and 494: Should vaccines be given to persons
Page 495 and 496: eason not to vaccinate. Asthma, ecz
Page 497 and 498: Does MMR vaccine cause inflammatory
Page 499 and 500: (either alone or in combination) fo
Page 501 and 502: A4.5 Questions about the need for i
Page 503 and 504: APPENDIX 5: GLOSSARY OF TECHNICAL T
Page 505 and 506: Enzootic enzootic infections are pr
Page 507 and 508: Rotavirus a virus that is a common
Page 509 and 510: APPENDIX 6: COMMONLY USED ABBREVIAT
Page 511 and 512: OPV oral poliomyelitis vaccine PCEC
Page 513 and 514: Year Vaccine 2003 Varicella 2003 Me
Page 515 and 516: identifying the injection site, 79-
Page 517 and 518: Australian Capital Territory advers
Page 519 and 520: and travellers, 119 vaccines, 177-1
Page 521 and 522: abies and other lyssaviruses (inclu
Page 523 and 524: HPV Vaccination Program, 234 human
Page 525: interferon-gamma release assays (IG
Page 529 and 530: Northern Territory ACIR reporting,
Page 531 and 532: and Haemophilus influenzae type b (
Page 533 and 534: espiratory syncytial virus monoclon
Page 535 and 536: Therapeutic Goods Administration (T
Page 537 and 538: varicella-zoster immunoglobulin, 45
Page 539 and 540: INDEX 525 INDEX
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