The Australian Immunisation Handbook 10th Edition 2013

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68 The Australian Immunisation Handbook 10th edition Table 2.2.1: Route of administration for vaccines used in Australia Intramuscular (IM) injection Subcutaneous (SC) injection IM or SC injection Intradermal Oral Diphtheria-tetanus vaccine (dT) Inactivated poliomyelitis Diphtheria-tetanus-acellular vaccine (IPV)* pertussis vaccine (DTPa and dTpa) DTPa- and dTpa-combination Quadrivalent meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine (4vMenPV) vaccines Varicella vaccine (VV) Hepatitis A vaccine and Japanese encephalitis vaccine Hepatitis A combination (Imojev) vaccines Q fever vaccine Hepatitis B vaccine and Hepatitis B combination vaccines Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine IPV-containing combination vaccines* Japanese encephalitis vaccine (JEspect) 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (10vPCV) 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (13vPCV) Typhoid Vi polysaccharide vaccine ‡ Influenza vaccine Measles-mumps-rubella vaccine (MMR) (M-M-R II only) Measles-mumps-rubellavaricella vaccine (MMRV) (ProQuad only) Zoster vaccine † Measles-mumps- rubella vaccine (MMR) (Priorix only) Measles-mumps-rubellavaricella vaccine (MMRV) (Priorix-tetra only) 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (23vPPV) † Influenza vaccine (Intanza only) Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine Rabies vaccine (HDCV) Yellow fever vaccine ‡ Q fever skin testing ‡ Rotavirus vaccine Cholera vaccine Typhoid vaccine
PART 2 VACCINATION PROCEDURES 69 Intramuscular (IM) injection Subcutaneous (SC) injection IM or SC injection Intradermal Oral Meningococcal C conjugate vaccine (MenCCV) Quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine (4vMenCV) Rabies vaccine (PCECV) * IPV-containing combination vaccines are administered by IM injection; IPV (IPOL) is administered by SC injection. † The IM route is preferred to the SC route because it causes fewer local adverse events. 6,7 ‡ Q fever skin testing and BCG vaccine should be administered only by specially trained immunisation service providers. 2.2 ADMINISTRATION OF VACCINES
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The Australian Immunisation Handboo
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FOREWORD Since 1932, when Governmen
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TABLE OF CONTENTS PART 1 INTRODUCTI
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LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1.1: Pre-vac
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List 4.13.1: Conditions associated
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PREFACE The 10th edition of The Aus
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Secretariat support, Australian Tec
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PART 1 INTRODUCTION TO THE AUSTRALI
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1.2 DEVELOPMENT OF THE 10TH EDITION
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1.3 HOW TO USE THE 10TH EDITION HAN
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1.4 WHAT’S NEW All chapters have
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2.2 Administration of vaccines •
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• The section on vaccination of p
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4.6 Human papillomavirus • HPV va
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• For Aboriginal and Torres Strai
Page 31 and 32: Part 5 Passive immunisation • Inf
Page 33 and 34: without the harmful consequences of
Page 35 and 36: (vaccine failure). Often such infec
Page 37 and 38: will occur following receipt of a s
Page 39 and 40: cases, both the doctor issuing the
Page 41 and 42: Should a child or adolescent refuse
Page 43 and 44: • check that the correct time int
Page 45 and 46: Note: Please discuss this informati
Page 47 and 48: Condition or circumstance of person
Page 49 and 50: Condition or circumstance of person
Page 51 and 52: Table 2.1.3: Live attenuated parent
Page 53 and 54: An online ‘catch-up calculator’
Page 55 and 56: Use of serological testing to guide
Page 57 and 58: • For some vaccines, catch-up vac
Page 59 and 60: Figure 2.1.1: Catch-up worksheet fo
Page 61 and 62: Vaccine Minimum age for 1st dose in
Page 63 and 64: Table 2.1.6: Number of vaccine dose
Page 65 and 66: Catch-up guidelines for individual
Page 67 and 68: If 13vPCV is not available, and 10v
Page 69 and 70: Previous vaccination history 2 prev
Page 71 and 72: PART 2 VACCINATION PROCEDURES 57 Ta
Page 73 and 74: PART 2 VACCINATION PROCEDURES 59 Ta
Page 75 and 76: Catch-up schedules for persons ≥1
Page 77 and 78: For additional details on these rec
Page 79 and 80: 2.2 ADMINISTRATION OF VACCINES 2.2.
Page 81: • Never freeze a vaccine after it
Page 85 and 86: 2.2.5 Vaccine injection techniques
Page 87 and 88: Interruption to a vaccination If th
Page 89 and 90: 2.2.7 Positioning for vaccination I
Page 91 and 92: Children ≥12 months of age Cuddle
Page 93 and 94: 2.2.8 Identifying the injection sit
Page 95 and 96: • Place the palm over the greater
Page 97 and 98: 2.2.9 Administering multiple vaccin
Page 99 and 100: 2.3 POST-VACCINATION 2.3.1 Immediat
Page 101 and 102: Management of an immediate adverse
Page 103 and 104: Management of anaphylaxis Rapid IM
Page 105 and 106: Autoinjectors are generally not app
Page 107 and 108: Australia. 16 This vaccine is no lo
Page 109 and 110: Any serious or unexpected adverse e
Page 111 and 112: Consumers and immunisation service
Page 113 and 114: When relevant, immunisation service
Page 115 and 116: National Human Papillomavirus Vacci
Page 117 and 118: Immunisation service providers enro
Page 119 and 120: PART 3 VACCINATION FOR SPECIAL RISK
Page 121 and 122: Thus, a vaccine to prevent Hib dise
Page 123 and 124: 3.1.2 Adults Hepatitis B Indigenous
Page 125 and 126: een low in younger Indigenous adult
Page 127 and 128: 3.2 VACCINATION FOR INTERNATIONAL T
Page 129 and 130: • vaccination history (including
Page 131 and 132: departure to allow for the period w
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Selected vaccines based on travel i
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Tick-borne encephalitis Tick-borne
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PART 3 VACCINATION FOR SPECIAL RISK
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3.2.5 Vaccinating the traveller wit
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• Travel health and quarantine se
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whether the AEFI is likely to recur
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(see Appendix 1 Contact details for
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avoided, except in situations where
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3.3.3 Vaccination of immunocompromi
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Use of live viral or live bacterial
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Influenza vaccination is recommende
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Haematopoietic stem cell transplant
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Vaccine Months after HSCT Comments
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depending on the number of vaccines
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Persons with functional or anatomic
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Table 3.3.5: Recommendations for va
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Persons with autoimmune diseases an
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Table 3.3.6: Recommended intervals
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3.3.7 Vaccination of persons at occ
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Occupation Vaccine Providers of hom
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against certain vaccine-preventable
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3.3.11 Vaccination of persons who i
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waters. All cases of cholera report
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Children aged 2-6 years Three doses
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4.1.11 Adverse events The inactivat
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4.2.4 Vaccines Diphtheria toxoid is
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• Adacel - Sanofi Pasteur Pty Ltd
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antibodies at an age when waning of
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children aged
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4.3 HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE TYPE B 4
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• Hiberix - GlaxoSmithKline (PRP-
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4.3.7 Recommendations Infants A Hib
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4.3.11 Public health management of
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In recent years, hepatitis A notifi
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Inactivated hepatitis A vaccines ar
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Co-administration with other vaccin
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Recommendations for the use of comb
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4.4.10 Adverse events The most comm
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4.5.3 Epidemiology The prevalence o
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4.5.4 Vaccines Monovalent hepatitis
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For older children and young adults
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Vaccine Age of vaccine recipient Do
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Combination hepatitis A/hepatitis B
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Management of infants born to mothe
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Household or other close (household
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with occult hepatitis B infection.
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immune memory persists and is thoug
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to suggest that a higher proportion
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Table 4.5.3: Post-exposure prophyla
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4.6 HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS 4.6.1 Viro
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women. The prevalence of high-risk
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• Gardasil - CSL Limited/Merck &
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If scheduled doses have been missed
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However, some adult males may gain
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4.6.9 Contraindications The only ab
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4.7 INFLUENZA 4.7.1 Virology The in
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Figure 4.7.1: Influenza notificatio
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Always check annual seasonal influe
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7.5 µg of viral haemagglutinin (in
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Table 4.7.1: Recommended doses of i
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• Chronic respiratory conditions,
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Residents of residential aged care
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influenza vaccine prior to administ
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4.8 JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS 4.8.1 Vir
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28 days following vaccination with
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When using JEspect in children aged
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4.8.8 Pregnancy and breastfeeding I
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4.9 MEASLES 4.9.1 Virology Measles
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4.9.4 Vaccines Monovalent measles v
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4.9.6 Dosage and administration The
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Table 4.9.1: Recommendations for me
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increase in adverse events from vac
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Immunoglobulin or blood product adm
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approximately 5%. 2,25 There is als
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Table 4.9.2: Post-exposure prophyla
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4.10 MENINGOCOCCAL DISEASE 4.10.1 B
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4.10.4 Vaccines There are different
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Polysaccharide vaccines Quadrivalen
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Interchangeability of meningococcal
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• Children (aged ≥9 months) and
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Appendix 1 Contact details for Aust
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4.11 MUMPS 4.11.1 Virology Mumps is
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Trivalent measles-mumps-rubella (MM
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4.11.7 Recommendations Infants aged
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Vaccination with other live attenua
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acquired from healthcare workers. 1
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demonstrated a more rapid decline,
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• Boostrix-IPV - GlaxoSmithKline
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in the previous 10 years. 19,45 Adu
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(see ‘Women who are planning preg
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an HHE. An HHE may last from a few
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The product information for Quadrac
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4.13 PNEUMOCOCCAL DISEASE 4.13.1 Ba
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non-Indigenous children (88%). 19,2
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10-valent pneumococcal conjugate va
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lesser antibody responses to 2nd or
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Table 4.13.1: Recommendations for p
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Category B: Conditions associated w
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Children aged >5 years to 15 years)
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Non-Indigenous adults A single dose
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Adults who have a condition listed
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4.13.11 Adverse events 10-valent pn
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5 years with a condition(s) associa
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virtually eradicated in India, but
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formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, polys
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4.14.8 Pregnancy and breastfeeding
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4.15 Q FEVER 4.15.1 Bacteriology Q
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4.15.4 Vaccine • Q-Vax - CSL Limi
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individuals, which can be accessed
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Refer to 3.3 Groups with special va
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4.16 RABIES AND OTHER LYSSAVIRUSES
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4.16.4 Rabies vaccines • Mérieux
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of an even more accelerated schedul
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Pre-exposure prophylaxis for rabies
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The relevant state/territory health
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Although data are limited on the ef
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Table 4.16.2: Post-exposure prophyl
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Figure 4.16.2: Post-exposure prophy
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Figure 4.16.3: Booster algorithm fo
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allergic reaction occurs following
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age group11,12 and affecting 3.8% o
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of age, the risk of IS was increase
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Interchangeability of rotavirus vac
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gestational age; median 34 weeks) w
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Infants living in households with p
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4.17.12 Variations from product inf
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2003, rubella notifications in Aust
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zoster virus [Oka strain]). Lyophil
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children
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A number of commercial assays for t
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Germany indicates that no case of v
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case. Seronegative women of child-b
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4.19 TETANUS 4.19.1 Bacteriology Te
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Formulations for children aged
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4.19.5 Transport, storage and handl
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foreign bodies (especially wood spl
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studies indicate that the adverse r
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The product information for Adacel
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of MDR-TB cases identified has incr
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BCG vaccination procedures BCG vacc
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Occupational groups There is some e
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In developed countries, typhoid fev
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A 4th capsule taken on day 7 has be
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4.22 VARICELLA 4.22.1 Virology Vari
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as a case of wild-type varicella oc
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Reconstituted Varivax Refrigerated
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adequate protection from varicella.
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eceived varicella vaccine while bre
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immunoglobulin and other blood prod
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eported in a 9-year follow-up of 70
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high-dose intravenous NHIG are like
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4.23 YELLOW FEVER 4.23.1 Virology Y
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Co-administration with other vaccin
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Vaccine-associated neurotropic adve
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1000 cases per 100 000 population i
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administration of Zostavax with 23-
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diagnosis. In addition, the risk of
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Laboratory testing to check for an
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the immunoglobulin preparations con
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Prevention of measles Measles vacci
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who are being treated with immunosu
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limb with a separate syringe, and a
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APPENDIX 1: CONTACT DETAILS FOR AUS
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APPENDIX 2: LITERATURE SEARCH STRAT
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APPENDIX 3: COMPONENTS OF VACCINES
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Vaccine component* Vaccine brand
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APPENDIX 4: COMMONLY ASKED QUESTION
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When should preterm infants be vacc
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If a parent decides not to have a c
Page 493 and 494:
Should vaccines be given to persons
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eason not to vaccinate. Asthma, ecz
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Does MMR vaccine cause inflammatory
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(either alone or in combination) fo
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A4.5 Questions about the need for i
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APPENDIX 5: GLOSSARY OF TECHNICAL T
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Enzootic enzootic infections are pr
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Rotavirus a virus that is a common
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APPENDIX 6: COMMONLY USED ABBREVIAT
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OPV oral poliomyelitis vaccine PCEC
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Year Vaccine 2003 Varicella 2003 Me
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identifying the injection site, 79-
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Australian Capital Territory advers
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and travellers, 119 vaccines, 177-1
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abies and other lyssaviruses (inclu
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HPV Vaccination Program, 234 human
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interferon-gamma release assays (IG
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mercury, in vaccines. see thiomersa
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Northern Territory ACIR reporting,
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and Haemophilus influenzae type b (
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espiratory syncytial virus monoclon
Page 535 and 536:
Therapeutic Goods Administration (T
Page 537 and 538:
varicella-zoster immunoglobulin, 45
Page 539 and 540:
INDEX 525 INDEX
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The Australian Immunisation Handbook 10th Edition 2013

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