Excel's Formula - sisman

Chapter 5: Manipulating Text 131
You can also pad a number by using a custom number format. To repeat the next character in
the format to fill the column width, include an asterisk (*) in the custom number format code. For
example, use this number format to pad the number with dashes:
$#,##0.00*-
To pad the number with asterisks, use two asterisks, like this:
$#,##0.00**
Refer to Appendix B for more information about custom number formats, including
additional examples using the asterisk format code.
Changing the case of text
Excel provides three handy functions to change the case of text:
UPPER: Converts the text to ALL UPPERCASE.
LOWER: Converts the text to all lowercase.
PROPER: Converts the text to Proper Case. (The First Letter In Each Word Is Capitalized.)
These functions are quite straightforward. The formula that follows, for example, converts the
text in cell A1 to proper case. If cell A1 contained the text MR. JOHN Q. PUBLIC, the formula would
return Mr. John Q. Public.
=PROPER(A1)
These functions operate only on alphabetic characters; they ignore all other characters and return
them unchanged.
The PROPER function capitalizes the first letter of every word, which isn’t always desirable.
Applying the PROPER function to a tale of two cities results in A Tale Of Two
Cities. Normally, the preposition of wouldn’t be capitalized. In addition, applying the
PROPER function to a name such as ED MCMAHON results in Ed Mcmahon (not
Ed McMahon).