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Table 80
Table 81
Ooenc)'rtus kuvsnse
(How.) (Hymenoptera:
Encyrtidae)
Lymantria clispur (L.). 307
following preliminary field cage and insectary studies (Table 80). The first releases were
made near St-Mathias, Rouville County, Quebec. in 1979. with further releases near
Acton Vale and Drummondville, Bagot and Drummond Counties respectively, in 1980
(Table 81). Establishment of A. disparis occurred in all areas where releases were
made. The initial occurrence of parasitism was 20-30% when batches of 25 female
parasitoids were implanted in small ventilated cages, but only 2% when open releases of
batches of 200-400 females were made. Successful hibernation of A. disparis at St­
Mathias was observed in 1980. A third release ofthis parasitoid was made in August 1980
near Kilburnie, Ontario, but there have been no recoveries from this release as yet
(Table 81).
Laboratory and field cage studies of parasitoids against the gypsy moth, Lymanrria
dis par (L.) in Quebec
Species Year
AnUSlalUS disparis Ruschka 1979
• Field cage studies.
•• Laboratory and insectary studies.
1980
Origin
Hungary
Austria
Romania
Hungary
Austria
Romania
Hungary
Number
845*
2505**
234"
Open releases and recoveries of parasitoids against the gypsy moth, Lymanlria dispar (L.)
Year of
Species and province Year Origin Number recovery
Anuslalus disparis Ruschka
Quebec 1980 USA
Hungary
5600 1980
Ontario
Ooencyrtus kuvanae (How.)
1980 Hungary 1020
Ontario 1976 USA 25000 1978
This Japanese egg parasitoid was introduced into New England in 1909. Its establishment
was immediate and its natural dispersal was augmented by additional large releases
throughout the infested area (Burgess & Crossman 1929).
In the United States O. kuvanae can have three generations per year on gypsy moth.
The first generation cycle takes approximately 6 weeks but the subsequent ones only 3
weeks. Early studies showed that attack by this species was weak. Britton (1935)
recorded that in southeastern Massachusetts and in Rhode Island egg parasitism was not
more than 10% per year. However, higher attack levels have been recorded in more