pdf, 57.71Mb - Entomological Society of Canada

78 R. J. McClanahan
Recommendations
Literature Cited
packaging and releasing. Thus the number actually released can be much different than
the number shipped, but under favorable conditions reproduction is very rapid with a
generation in 5 days.
Four commercial greenhouses near Leamington were used in a demonstration experiment
in 1980. Two P. persimilis were placed on each mite-infested cucumber plant in
February. Control of T. urlicae was achieved and maintained until late May, but then a
change in greenhouse environment favored the pest mite and the growers had to switch
to chemical control. Probably the humidity was lowered when vents were open
throughout the day and this prevented P. pers;milis eggs from hatching.
Techniques of using P. pers;milis in Canadian greenhouses will have to be refined and
adjusted to greenhouse conditions. Introduction of predators onto the fall crop of
cucumbers might avoid a resurgence of T. urticae.
Research projects could include modification of the greenhouse environment by
misting to produce favorable conditions for the predator, or spraying only a portion of
the cucumber plants with an acaricide while predators were active on the unsprayed
portion.
Rearing under artificial conditions, as carried out in Russia (Storozhkov & Kamacheeva
1980) should be tried in Canada for increased mass production.
Askretkov. A.V.; Tolmacheva, KP. (1980) A sovkhoz biolaboratory. Zoshchita Rostenii 2,36 (in Russian).
French, N.; Parr, W.J.; Gould. H.J.; Williams, J.l.; Simmonds, S.P. (1976) Development of biological control methods for the control of
Tetranychus urticae on tomatoes using Phytoseiu/us persimilis. Annals of Applied Biology 83, In-189.
Gould, H.l. (1977) Biological control of glasshouse whitefly and red spider mite on tomatoes and cucumbers in England and Wales 1975 -76.
Plant Pathology 26. 57-60.
Jeppson, L.R.; McMurtry. 1.A.; Mead, D.W.; Jesser. M.J.; Johnson, H.G. (1975) Toxicity of citrus pesticides 10 some predaceous
phytoseiid mites. Journal 01 Economic Entomology 68, 707-710.
Koppen, P.C. (1980) Biological control in glasshouses in the Netherlands. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Integrated
Control in Agriculture and Forestry, Vienna 1979. p. 484.
McClanahan, RJ. (1971) Selective acaricides for integrated control of Tetranychus urticae. International Organization for Biological
Control. West Palearctic Regional Section. Proceedings of a Conference on Integrated Control in
Glasshouses. pp. 13-22.
McClanahan. R.J. (1980) Why has integrated control practice levelled off in Canada" Bulletin SROP 19801111, 141-144.
Stenseth, C. (1979a) Effect of fungicides and insecticides on a resistant strain of Phytostiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot (Acarina:
Phytoseiidae). Forskning og Forsok i Landbruket 30,77-83.
Stenseth, C. (1979b) Effeet of temperature and humidity on Ihe development of Phytoseiulus persimilis and its ability to regulate populations
of Tetranychus urtkae (Acarina: Phyloseiidae, Telranychidae). Entomophaga 24, 311-318.
Storozhkov, Yu.V.; Kaznacheeva, V.P. (1980) Rearing of Phytoseiu/us in hydroponic greenhouses. Zoshchita Rostenii 2,34 (in Russian).