Diagnosing Corruption in Ethiopia - Ethiomedia

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198 Diagnosing Corruption in Ethiopia Table 5.1 (continued) Enforcement of judgment Filing of claim and pretrial stages b. Criminal Justice • Judges “sell” judgments or other preferential treatment to parties. • Public officials or political authorities pressure or bribe witnesses. • Police or bailiffs take bribes to not bring witnesses (or defendants) to trial. • Lawyers or clients offer or agree to pay court staff to “lose” files. • Lawyers or clients offer (or agree) to pay to delay or accelerate issuance of written opinions (this may be delayed for a long time). • Private defense attorneys accept bribes from interested nongovernmental parties to mishandle cases. • Court staff members accept or request bribes to show judgments to parties (or to offer to sell an outcome already determined by the judge). • Lawyers solicit money from clients to bribe any of the actors but keep the funds. • Lawyers or parties offer or agree to pay to affect decisions on licenses to appeal and appellate judgments. • Political authorities or higher judicial leaders direct whether and how enforcement will be effected. • Parties offer or agree to pay to arrange early release, nonincarceration, or reduction or nonpayment of damages. c. Civil Justice Potential forms of corruption • Public officials (in judiciary or outside) direct staff to admit or not admit cases. • Public authorities coerce or bribe private attorneys to file or not file cases. • Court staff offer bribes or other considerations to accept and process claims. • Lawyers accept bribes from other parties to mishandle cases or accept fees from parties on both sides. • Lawyers solicit money from clients to bribe judges or staff but instead pocket the money. • Lawyers encourage clients to take cases to court that they are bound to lose. • Process servers accept or solicit bribes for nonservice, faster service, false service, and so on. • Public officials (in judiciary or outside) direct staff to speed or delay initial processing of cases. • Lawyers or parties offer or agree to pay court staff for faster or slower scheduling of events or for misplacement of case files. (continued next page)
Table 5.1 (continued) Justice Sector Corruption in Ethiopia 199 c. Civil Justice • Public officials (in judiciary or outside) direct judges’ decisions on pretrial motions. • Judges solicit or accept bribes for handling of pretrial motions. • Lawyers add unnecessary motions or appeals to be able to charge clients more. • Public officials (in judiciary or outside) direct court staff to misplace files. • Public officials (in judiciary or outside) direct staff to give them premature access to judicial decisions. • Court staff accept or solicit bribes for access to judicial decisions before they are announced. Trial and appeal stage • Higher authorities or political elites direct judgments or licenses to appeal. • Private attorneys collude with judges for mutual benefit. • Judges (or higher-level judges on appeal) accept or solicit bribes for favorable judgments. • Public or private actors engage in jury tampering (if juries are used). • Court staff use knowledge of judgments to “sell” them to winning parties. • Lawyers accept bribes from other parties to mishandle cases. Enforcement • Governmental actors ignore judicial orders to pay judgments or take other actions. • Lawyers or parties negotiate with judges, bailiffs, or other parties so that enforcement does not occur. • Court-appointed experts issue under- or overvaluations of assets. • Court-appointed agents (in the case of public auction) collude to manipulate price, take over assets at reduced price, or arrange with private parties to sell for low bid. Source: Author. practices (for example, lack of transparency and restrictions on opposition movements) or, perhaps more important, citizen expectations. As interviewees and reviewers repeatedly stressed, Ethiopians are cautious about the views they express publicly and careful about openly registering complaints. However, they compensate for what they believe government is not telling them with a rich rumor mill, part of which may also feed into government’s preoccupation with alleged conspiratorial movements.
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Public Disclosure Authorized Public
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Diagnosing Corruption in Ethiopia P
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Contents Foreword xiii Preface xv A
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Contents vii Chapter 6 Construction
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Contents ix Map 3.1 Ethiopian Regio
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Contents xi 3.6 Summary of Corrupti
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Foreword The government of the Fede
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Preface Although many would argue t
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Preface xvii Goldie-Scot, Piers Cro
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xx About the Editor and Authors bil
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xxii About the Editor and Authors g
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xxiv Abbreviations GAC Governance a
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CHAPTER 1 Overview Janelle Plummer
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Overview 3 Focusing on Ethiopia, th
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Overview 5 for their knowledge of c
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Overview 7 and group discussion wit
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Overview 9 analysis, Goldie-Scot ge
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Overview 11 Chapter 8: Telecommunic
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Overview 13 might be explained by t
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Overview 15 The perceptions of corr
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Overview 17 Given the Ethiopian gov
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20 Diagnosing Corruption in Ethiopi
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44 Figure 2.4 Corruption Vulnerabil
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Construction Sector Corruption in E
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Table 6.3 (continued) Construction
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Table 6.4 (continued) Construction
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263 Table 6.7 Overview of Perceived
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Figure 6.2 Trends in Unit Cost of D
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Box 6.1 (continued) Construction Se
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277 Figure 6.5 Drivers of Corruptio
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292 Table 7.1 Value Chain Analysis
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336 Figure 8.2 Current Institutiona
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CHAPTER 9 Corruption in the Mining
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Corruption in the Mining Sector: Pr
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