Diagnosing Corruption in Ethiopia - Ethiomedia

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282 Diagnosing Corruption in Ethiopia 2. The 2009 Ethiopia Country Profile on the Business Anti-Corruption Portal (www.business-anti-corruption.com) states, “The spread of corruption in the country has been noted by the African Development Bank 2003, which cites the customs service, land distribution, public housing, and utilities as areas characterised by institutionalised corrupt practices.” 3. Phase 1, undertaken in mid-2008, resulted in grouping both the perceived risks and the related solutions under the interrelated categories of accountability, capacity, and trust. It also identified issues, including an apparent lack of genuine competition in the market, that warranted further study. Phase 2, undertaken in mid-2009, looked more specifically at two such areas, both road-related: international contracting, where Chinese contractors have come to play a dominant role, and rural roads managed by the regional road authorities (RRAs). In both cases, concerns had been raised because of recent marked increase in construction costs. 4. Twenty-six completed surveys were received in 2008 and another 24 in 2009. 5. For more information about the Global Infrastructure Anti-Corruption Centre, see www.giaccentre.org. 6. Although the reported occurrences were considered plausible by other stakeholders when discussed in a workshop setting, they are not necessarily indicative of the sector as a whole and should not be construed as describing common practices. 7. In one workshop, an experienced international contractor went so far as to describe working in Ethiopia as “a paradise compared with the corruption in other countries in Africa.” 8. CoST is an international multistakeholder initiative to increase transparency and facilitate accountability in the construction sector through the public disclosure of information about the purpose, nature, timing, and cost of construction projects. Initiated by the U.K.’s Department for International Development and supported by the World Bank, the pilot phase started in 2008 in seven countries: Ethiopia, Malawi, the Philippines, Tanzania, the United Kingdom, Vietnam, and Zambia. For more information, see www .constructiontransparency.org. 9. The cost data in this section are derived from data provided by ERA to the World Bank and referred to in World Bank 2009. 10. The “Going Out” strategy refers to the Chinese government’s encouragement of foreign investment by Chinese enterprises. 11. Approaches by e-mail and telephone, both through intermediaries and in person to the office in Addis Ababa, finally resulted in a recommendation, also acted upon, to contact the government in Beijing.
Construction Sector Corruption in Ethiopia 283 12. A low-volume road is generally one on which the average daily traffic level is under 50 vehicles per day. 13. These views were reported by stakeholders in interviews and validated in the stakeholder workshops. References Africon. 2008. “Unit Costs of Infrastructure Projects in Sub-Saharan Africa.” World Bank Africa Infrastructure Country Diagnostic, Background Paper 11, June, World Bank, Washington, DC. ASCE (American Society of Civil Engineers). 2005. “Combating Corruption.” Policy Statement 510, drawing on data from Transparency International and adopted by the Board of Direction, ASCE, Reston, VA. Campos, J. Edgardo, and Sanjay Pradhan. 2007. The Many Faces of Corruption: Tracking Vulnerabilities at the Sector Level. Washington, DC: World Bank. Chen, Chuan, and Ryan Orr. 2009. “Chinese Contractors in Africa: Home Government Support, Coordination Mechanisms, and Market Entry Strategies.” Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 135 (11): 1201–10. Leggett, Karby. 2005. “China Forges Deep Alliances with War-Torn Nations in Africa.” The Wall Street Journal, March 30. Taylor, Gary, Getnet Alemu Zewdu, Beteseb Feleke, and Farhad Ahmed. 2008. “Comparative Study of the Impact of Labour-Based and Equipment-Based Methods of Roadworks in Ethiopia.” Consultancy report, International Labour Office, Geneva. World Bank. 2009. “Project Appraisal Document for Stage 4 of the Road Sector Development Project.” Data provided by the Ethiopian Roads Authority to the World Bank, Washington, DC.
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Public Disclosure Authorized Public
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Diagnosing Corruption in Ethiopia P
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Contents Foreword xiii Preface xv A
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Contents vii Chapter 6 Construction
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Contents ix Map 3.1 Ethiopian Regio
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Contents xi 3.6 Summary of Corrupti
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Foreword The government of the Fede
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Preface Although many would argue t
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Preface xvii Goldie-Scot, Piers Cro
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xx About the Editor and Authors bil
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xxii About the Editor and Authors g
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xxiv Abbreviations GAC Governance a
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CHAPTER 1 Overview Janelle Plummer
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Overview 3 Focusing on Ethiopia, th
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Overview 5 for their knowledge of c
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Overview 7 and group discussion wit
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Overview 9 analysis, Goldie-Scot ge
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Overview 11 Chapter 8: Telecommunic
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Overview 13 might be explained by t
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Overview 15 The perceptions of corr
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Overview 17 Given the Ethiopian gov
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20 Diagnosing Corruption in Ethiopi
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44 Figure 2.4 Corruption Vulnerabil
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154 Table 4.4 Corruption Risk in Bo
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172 Annex 4.1 Ethiopian RWS Borehol
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CHAPTER 5 Justice Sector Corruption
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Justice Sector Corruption in Ethiop
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Table 5.1 (continued) Justice Secto
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205 Table 5.2 Disposition of Civil
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CHAPTER 9 Corruption in the Mining
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Corruption in the Mining Sector: Pr
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