PARLIAMENT AND DEMOCRACY - Inter-Parliamentary Union

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MS. MARTA LAGOS CRUZ-COKE Executive Director of LatinoBarometro Marta Lagos has worked in the public opinion field since 1984, firstly at the Centro de Estudios de la Realidad Contemporánea (CERC), where she was director from 1990 to 1993. She started the Barómetro CERC, a public opinion barometer that has monitored the Chilean transition since 1987. In 1994 she founded her own market and society opinion research company in partnership with MORI in the UK. Since its inception in 1995, Marta Lagos has been the Executive Director of LatinoBarometro, which surveys annually public opinion in 18 Latin American countries. Author of many publications in the field of public opinion research, she is a member of the World Values Survey team and part of the committee that organizes the Comparative Study of Electoral Systems (CSES). Additionally, Mrs. Lagos, has been consultant on survey issues and the electoral process in transition in 23 countries and in international organizations including IDB, UNDP, World Bank, UN and the EU. Marta Lagos Cruz Coke holds a M.A. in Economics from Heidelberg University, Germany. PROFESSOR CHRISTINA MURRAY Head of Department, Public Law and Director of the Law, Race & Gender Research Unit, University of Cape Town Christina Murray is Professor of Constitutional and Human Rights Law at the University of Cape Town. Between 1994 and 1996 she served on a panel of seven experts advising the South African Constitutional Assembly in drafting South Africa’s ‘final’ Constitution. Since then she has advised a number of government departments in South Africa on the implementation of the new system of multi-level government and worked with South Africa’s national Parliament and many of its nine provincial legislatures. Her most recent constitutional work outside South Africa has been in Sourthern Sudan, Indonesia and Kenya. She has taught and written on the law of contract, human rights law (and particularly issues relating to gender equality and African customary law), international law, and constitutional law. MR. CYRIL NDBELE Former Speaker of the Zimbabwean National Assembly Cyril Ndebele was a member of the political movement which fought for Zimbabwe’s independence, and was part of the Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU) PF’s legal team during independence negotiations. He has held senior positions in the ZANU PF, including membership of its Politburo. He was a Member of Parliament from 1990 to 2000, where he chaired several important committees (privileges, legal, standing rules and orders). He was elected Speaker from 1995 to 2000. As Speaker, Cyril Ndebele was instrumental in introducing parliamentary reforms designed to transform parliament into a more efficient, transparent and participatory democratic institution. Cyril Ndebele was a founder member of the SADC Parliamentary Forum and has been a resource person at several international meetings on the workings of parliamentary democracy. Annexes I 201
202 I PARLIAMENT AND DEMOCRACY IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY After legal training, Cyril Ndebele practised law in the United Kingdom and Zimbabwe. He has been Attorney and Advocate of the Supreme Court of Zimbabwe. MR.ABDELWAHAD RADI Speaker of the Moroccan Chamber of Representatives Adbelwahad Radi was one of the founders of the Union nationale des forces populaires political party, and later the Union socialiste des forces populaires. He has held a number of positions of responsibility within the party, and has served as First Deputy Secretary since 2003. He has also co-founded many civil society and trade union organizations. From 1983 to 1984, Mr. Radi was Minister for International Cooperation. Mr. Radi was first elected as a member of parliament in 1963. He has been constantly re-elected since 1977, and has served as the Speaker of the Chamber of Representatives since 1997. He is a strong proponent of parliamentary diplomacy and has held senior posts in a number of regional parliamentary organizations. Mr. Radi is a member of the IPU Executive Committee. MS. LORETTA ANN ROSALES Member of the Philippine House of Representatives An acclaimed human rights activist, Rep. Loretta Rosales is a representative of the marginal and under-represented sectors of Philippine society. During the repressive regime of former Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos, her underground activities led Loretta Rosales to be arrested on several occasions. As Executive Director of the Institute for Political and Electoral Reform in 1994, Rep. Rosales actively lobbied for the enactment of the 1995 party-list law as provided for in the Philippines 1987 Constitution. Since 1998, she has been a member of the House of Representatives where she has chaired the Committee on Human Rights and co-chaired the Committee on Suffrage and Electoral Reforms. MS. OYUN SANJAASUREN Member of the Parliament of Mongolia Sanjaasuren Oyun has been an opposition member of Parliament since 1998 and is currently the Chair of its Committee on Millenium Development Goals and Poverty Reduction policies. She entered politics following the assassination of her brother, Zorig, the Minister for Infrastructure Development and one of Mongolia’s main pro-democracy leaders. As Leader of the Citizens’ Will Republican Party, she has made cleaner politics, transparency, accountability and anti-corruption the central pillars of her governance reforms. She is also the founder of the Zorig Foundation, an NGO whose mission is to advance democracy and the rule of law in Mongolia. S. Oyun earned her PhD in isotope geochemistry from Cambridge University.
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2. A representative parliament The
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Electoral systems A representative
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Election rules and procedures to en
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Foreign Affairs in the Norwegian St
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ment to following through a process
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4. An accessible parliament The pre
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■ the fixed office; An accessible
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■ collaborating with NGOs in loca
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An accessible parliament I 75 Nowad
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ned against excessive reductions in
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An accessible parliament I 79 Furth
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An accessible parliament I 81 estab
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Extract from handbook on ‘Making
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An accessible parliament I 85 This
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■ a public record available on li
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case in Switzerland, the country wi
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An effective parliament (I): The na
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Where parliaments lack capacity thr
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that the Senate, the House of Commo
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consideration of a bill more effect
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National Assembly is currently in t
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Oversight through parliamentary que
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A case-study of oversight: security
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Anti-terrorist legislation An effec
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