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Chapter 4. The Sky Connection 100<br />

can be attempted starting with what is actually seen. Caution is necessary so that<br />

unneeded complexity is not tossed into the picture out of habit; simplicity is far<br />

more necessary than symmetry.<br />

Looking at the night sky, these ancient people saw fixed stars in constellations<br />

with a hazy, star-studded band of light running through and around them. At<br />

midnight, once a year, the “open end” of the frozen, solid-appearing band of stars<br />

led directly from the center of the common night spectacular known to us as the<br />

aurora borealis to a point which passed immediately over the Land of the Living. All<br />

the colors were certainly awe-inspiring, but the flashing curtains of reds brought to<br />

mind bloody battles they had known in their lives with memories of ancestors and<br />

relatives who had fallen by the sword. Memories, for these pre-scientific-age people,<br />

were not by-products of neurons firing in a pattern, but were actual visits by the<br />

souls (hugr, hug: ON) of those remembered. With the sighting of the red mottled<br />

aurora borealis, memories were of those who had crossed the threshhold from life to<br />

death, particularly as the result of violence. Umo Holmberg writes<br />

“During the pagan period, separate worlds for the good and the bad dead<br />

were unknown. But, already at that time, there seem to have been views<br />

that the dead attained to different worlds, not on account of their deeds<br />

during life, but according to that which had been the cause of their death.<br />

Those who died in battle or as the result of some accident did not go to the<br />

underworld but peopled another world up in the heavens. . . . According to<br />

the Finnish Lapps the aurora borealis is ‘the dead in battle, who, as spirits<br />

still continue battling with one another in the air.” 17<br />

He further adds that<br />

“to the same folk belief may ultimately be traced the Scandinavian belief<br />

in Valhall, where the souls of the dead in battle dwell, and, according to<br />

Gylfaginning, ’take on their accoutrements, go out into the yard and fight<br />

and kill one another’.” 18<br />

Looking more closely at the sky-gate formed by the forked end of the Milky Way, the<br />

ancients noticed one side “seemed” to lead upward and the other down. According<br />

to ancient folklore and even some of the more modern, there appears to have been a<br />

tradition of two bridges to the otherworld, one leading to the fighting fields forming<br />

the entire north end of the sky, and the other to the more peaceful landscape of the<br />

Lands Below.<br />

17 In Finno-Ugric Mythology by Umo Holmberg in Mythology of All Races ed. by J. McCol-<br />

lough, p. 80-81, 1928.<br />

18 op. cit., p. 81.

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