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Chapter 7. At the Well of Urð 188<br />

skills He taught to the sacrificial priest. They were next to Him in all manner<br />

of knowledge and sorcery.” 27<br />

He is also said to have intentionally engaged in shape-shifting (non-consensus reality)<br />

while His body lay “as if asleep or dead,” 28 travel in animal-shape while entranced,<br />

and 29 had direct access not only to Mímir’s Well (as opposed to indirect access),<br />

as in the mythic tale above, but spoke with Mímir’s head physically (necromancy)<br />

which Snorri felt was different enough to report in a list of Óðínn’s other “odd”<br />

qualities. He fits all the criteria as reported above.<br />

Many of the above skills are reported in literature and folklore sources as being<br />

available to the “average man” through the use of charms and access to power/<br />

luck, i.e., by practicing some of the methods as outlined above, but shape-shifting,<br />

working while entranced, and speaking physically with the dead (Mímir’s head),<br />

all, by their nature, took place outside of consensus reality. In the sagaic literature<br />

and in folklore both ancient and modern, there is a general agreement that these<br />

activities are not part of everyday, normal life although the working of charms,<br />

prayer, and medicine is part of everyday life.<br />

There are many figures in the early Germanic literature who fall outside the realm<br />

of the norm for a given community but whose skills are utilized by the community<br />

by temporarily bringing these folk within the boundaries. The women known as the<br />

seiðkonar (seeresses) are reported not to have engaged in the normal activities of<br />

divination, such as the reading of lots or the taking of omens, for their information<br />

and are described as somehow being separate entities wandering from settlement<br />

to settlement being called in from the outside, indeed most of these did not even<br />

live within a community per se with the exception of the seeress described in the<br />

Groenlendigasaga. Egil Skallagrimsson, a master of runes and charms related to<br />

poetry, is described as a normal man who was able to perform extraordinary feats,<br />

but Eyvind Kelda in the Saga of Ólaf Tryggvason is described as a “sorcerer and<br />

exceedingly skilled in wizardry,” 30 the same words used to describe Óðínn earlier in<br />

the Ynglingasaga. The ”Angel of Death” as described by Ibn Fadlan in his autobiographical<br />

tale of his travels among the Rus 31 also seemed to use techniques or<br />

methods other than the normal acceptable ritual, charms, or divination.<br />

In the Ynglingasaga, Snorri records that the Germanic people of at least his<br />

period of time considered the practice of seið and other related sorceries to be<br />

27 Sturluson, Snorri Heimskringla, Lee, Hollander, tr. (Univ. Of Texas Press; Austin, TX)<br />

1964, p. 11.<br />

28 ibid., p. 10.<br />

29 ibid., p. 10-11.<br />

30 ibid., p.202.<br />

31 Turville-Petre, E. O. G. Myth and Religion of the North (Greenwood Press; Westport, CT)<br />

1975, p. 272-73.

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