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Illness and accidents CHEST COMPRESSION TOGETHER WITH MOUTH-TO- MOUTH VENTILATION Chest compression must always be combined with mouth-tomouth ventilation. Babies (under one year) 1 Place your baby on a firm surface. 2 Find the correct position – a finger’s width below the nipple line, in the middle of the chest. 3 Use two fingers and press down on the chest about 1 /3 of the depth of the baby’s chest. 4 Press thirty times at a rate of 100 compressions per minute. After 30 compressions, blow twice gently into the lungs. 5 Continue for one minute. 6 Take your baby to a phone and dial 999, unless someone else has already done this. 7 Continue resuscitation (thirty compressions followed by two breaths) without stopping until help arrives. 8 Only if colour improves check the pulse. If present, stop chest compressions but continue to give mouth-to-mouth ventilation if necessary. press down on the chest about 1 /3 of the depth of the child’s chest. 3 Press thirty times at a rate of 100 compressions per minute. After 30 compressions, blow twice gently into the lungs. 4 Continue this process for one minute. 5 Take your child to a phone and dial 999, or get someone else to call for you. 6 Continue resuscitation (thirty compressions followed by two breaths) without stopping until help arrives. 7 Only if colour improves check the pulse. If present, stop chest compressions but continue to give mouth-to-mouth ventilation if necessary. RECOVERY POSITION The aim of the recovery position is to keep the airway open and minimise further injury. Babies (under one year) 1 Don’t use the recovery position. 2 Hold your baby on his or her side in your arms or your lap, in each case with the head held low. Children (over one year) Note: For small toddlers it may be more practical to follow the guidelines for babies. Otherwise: 1 Place the arm nearest you at right-angles to the body, elbow bent. Bring the other arm across the chest. Hold the hand, palm out, against the cheek. 2 Roll your child on to his or her side so that the upper leg is bent Children (over one year) 114 1 Place one hand two fingers’ width above where the edge of the ribs meet the breastbone. 2 Use the heel of that hand and
Illness and accidents at the knee and the arms remain in the position described above. 3 Tilt the head back gently to maintain the open airway. 4 If in the correct position, as shown, your child will not roll on to his or her tummy or back. 5 Check breathing and signs of circulation. If either stops, follow the ABC of resuscitation (page 112). Don’t give your child anything to eat or drink after an accident. Wait until you get to the hospital. He or she may need an anaesthetic later. IF YOUR CHILD HAS A BROKEN BONE • Don’t move your child if you think his or her neck or spine may be injured. Get expert help. Unnecessary movement could cause paralysis. • A bone in your child’s leg or arm may be broken if he or she has pain and swelling, and the limb seems to be lying at a strange angle. • If you can’t easily move your child without causing pain, call an ambulance. • If you have to move your child be very gentle. Use both hands above and below the injury to steady and support it (using blankets or clothing if necessary). Comfort your child and take him or her to hospital. IF YOUR CHILD IS BURNT OR SCALDED • Immediately put the burn or scald under running cold water to reduce the heat in the skin. Do this for at least 10 minutes. If running water isn’t available, immerse the burn or scald in cold water, or any other cooling fluid, such as milk, or other cold drinks could be used. • Cover the burn or scald with a clean, non-fluffy cloth like a clean cotton pillow case or linen tea towel or cling film. This cuts down the danger of infection. • If clothes are stuck to the skin, don’t try to take them off. • Depending on the severity of the burn or scald, see your doctor or call an ambulance or take your child to hospital. You should seek medical help for anything other than a very small burn. • Don’t put butter, oil or ointment on a burn or scald. It only has to be cleaned off again before treatment can be given. • Don’t prick any blisters. You’ll delay healing and let in germs. • Be prepared to treat your child for shock (see page 118). MINOR ACCIDENTS Many general practices are equipped to deal with minor casualties such as cuts or items trapped in the nose or ear. In these sorts of cases, therefore, it may be more appropriate or convenient for you to seek advice from your local practice on where best to go before attending an Accident and Emergency department. 115
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Birth five to This book gives you a
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Birth five to Your complete guide t
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1 The first weeks There’s somethi
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The first weeks SCREENING AT A GLAN
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The first weeks B REASTFEEDING Brea
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The first weeks 2 Be patient… Sta
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The first weeks Allow your baby to
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The first weeks USING BREAST PUMPS
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The first weeks STERILISING All the
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The first weeks Follow the manufact
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The first weeks S LEEPING Some babi
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The first weeks room is too hot.
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The first weeks If you’re finding
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The first weeks NAPPY RASH Most bab
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The first weeks WASHING AND BATHING
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The first weeks T WINS ( OR MORE) P
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YEARS MONTHS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 2
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How your child will grow • Walk o
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How your child will grow BRUSHING Y
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How your child will grow HEIGHT AND
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How your child will grow You should
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3 Learning and playing What we call
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Learning and playing I DEAS FOR PLA
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Learning and playing H OW TO MAKE S
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Learning and playing TRANSITION FRO
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Learning and playing MAKING CHILDCA
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4 Habits and behaviour There are so
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Habits and behaviour PROBLEMS WITH
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Habits and behaviour • By twelve
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Habits and behaviour A NEW BABY IN
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Habits and behaviour • Sometimes
Page 63 and 64:
Habits and behaviour time he or she
Page 65 and 66: Habits and behaviour out to buy one
Page 67 and 68: 5 Feeding your child Food is one of
Page 69 and 70: Feeding your child - push the bowl
Page 71 and 72: Feeding your child ALLERGIES Babies
Page 73 and 74: sensible for adults, but not for ba
Page 75 and 76: Feeding your child • Squashes, fi
Page 77 and 78: Feeding your child FAMILY F OOD For
Page 79 and 80: Feeding your child ‘When you go s
Page 81 and 82: Feeding your child Types of vegetar
Page 83 and 84: Feeding your child • Fruit and ve
Page 85 and 86: Feeding your child F OOD SAFETY You
Page 87 and 88: Feeding your child • If your chil
Page 89 and 90: 6 Illness and accidents Every child
Page 91 and 92: Illness and accidents ● ● out-o
Page 93 and 94: Illness and accidents smoking or en
Page 95 and 96: Illness and accidents D IARRHOEA YO
Page 97 and 98: Illness and accidents ● ● ●
Page 99 and 100: Illness and accidents Alternative t
Page 101 and 102: Illness and accidents After these m
Page 103 and 104: Illness and accidents ILLNESS INFEC
Page 105 and 106: Illness and accidents practice nurs
Page 107 and 108: Illness and accidents swelling wher
Page 109 and 110: ecome a carrier and develop serious
Page 111 and 112: Illness and accidents ❑ ❑ ❑
Page 113 and 114: Illness and accidents ● ● ●
Page 115: Illness and accidents IF YOUR CHILD
Page 119 and 120: Illness and accidents THINGS STUCK
Page 121 and 122: Illness and accidents W HEN A CHILD
Page 123 and 124: Your own life P HYSICAL PROBLEMS A
Page 125 and 126: Your own life visitor about other l
Page 127 and 128: Your own life Stress also comes fro
Page 129 and 130: Your own life • Share the housewo
Page 131 and 132: Your own life • Suggest a regular
Page 133 and 134: 8 Your services There is a wide ran
Page 135 and 136: Your services H OW TO CHANGE YOUR G
Page 137 and 138: make. The money cannot be taken out
Page 139 and 140: Your rights and benefits of childca
Page 141 and 142: Your rights and benefits child’s
Page 143 and 144: Your rights and benefits Anything e
Page 145 and 146: Your rights and benefits Who gets t
Page 147 and 148: Your rights and benefits HOUSING BE
Page 149 and 150: USEFUL ORGANISATIONS Some of these
Page 151 and 152: Council for Disabled Children 8 Wak
Page 153 and 154: INDEX A accidents 108-18 additives
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