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Illness and accidents 116 IF YOUR CHILD IS CHOKING Choking is caused by an obstruction in the airway and must be treated immediately. • Look inside your child’s mouth and remove any object if it is very easy to get at. Do not probe blindly into the mouth – you may push the object further in or damage the soft palate. • If your child isn’t breathing, start mouth-to-mouth ventilation – it may be possible to ventilate your child if the obstruction is only partial. If your child is breathing, follow the instructions below. Babies (under one year) 1 Lie the baby along your forearm or thigh with the face down and the head low and supported. 2 Give up to five firm slaps between the shoulder blades. 3 If this does not work, turn your baby head down on his or her back along your thigh. Give five chest thrusts, using the same technique and finger position as for chest compressions (see page 114), but press more sharply at a rate of about 20 per minute. 4 Repeat steps 1, 2, and 3 three times. 5 If this does not work, dial 999 and continue repeating the sequence of back slaps and chest thrusts. 6 If your baby becomes unconscious follow the ABC of resuscitation (see page 112). DO NOT USE ABDOMINAL THRUSTS ON BABIES UNDER ONE YEAR. Children (over one year) 1 Encourage your child to cough if possible. 2 If this doesn’t work, bend your child forwards so that his or her head is lower than the chest and give up to five firm slaps between the shoulder blades. Check the mouth is clear. 3 If this does not work, lie your child on its back and give up to five chest thrusts, using the same technique and finger position as for chest compressions (see page 114) but press more sharply at a rate of about 20 per minute. Check the mouth is clear. 4 If this does not work, give abdominal thrusts. Place yourself behind your child and steady him or her with one arm. Put your other arm around your child, placing the heel of your hand in the upper abdomen. Give a sharp pull inwards and upwards below your child’s ribs. Repeat up to three times. 5 If this does not work, summon medical aid and continue repeating the sequence of back slaps, chest thrusts, back slaps, abdominal thrusts. 6 If your child becomes unconscious follow the ABC of resuscitation (see page 112).
Illness and accidents THINGS STUCK UP THE NOSE OR IN THE EARS If your child has something lodged firmly in his or her nose or ear, don’t attempt to remove it yourself (you may push it further in). Take your child to the nearest Accident and Emergency department. If the nose is blocked, explain to your child that he or she will have to breathe through the mouth. IF YOUR CHILD HAS A CUT • If there’s a lot of bleeding, press firmly on the wound, using a pad of clean cloth. If you don’t have a cloth, use your fingers. Keep pressing until the bleeding stops. This may take 10 minutes or more. • Don’t use a tourniquet or tie anything so tightly that it stops the circulation. • If possible, raise the injured limb. This helps to stop the bleeding. Don’t do this if you think the limb is broken. • Cover the wound with a clean dressing if you can find one. If blood soaks through the pad or dressing, do not remove it. Place another pad or dressing over the top. • Then call an ambulance or take your child to hospital. • Ask your GP about a tetanus injection if your child has not been immunised. IF YOUR CHILD HAS TAKEN A POISON Pills and medicines • If you’re not sure whether your child has swallowed something, spend a minute or two looking for the missing pills. Check they haven’t rolled under a chair, for example. • If you still think something has been swallowed, take your child straight away to your GP or to hospital, whichever is quickest. • Keep a close watch on your child and be prepared to follow the ABC of resuscitation if he or she becomes unconscious (see page 112). • If possible, take the container (or its label) with you and a sample of whatever you think your child has swallowed. • Don’t give salt and water or do anything else to make your child sick. WHEN TO TAKE YOUR CHILD TO HOSPITAL AFTER AN ACCIDENT • If your child is unconscious. • If your child is vomiting or drowsy. • If your child is bleeding from the ears. • If your child has stopped breathing at some stage. • If your child may have internal injuries. • If your child complains of severe pain anywhere. • If your child is having fits (see page 95). If you’re worried or uncertain about your child’s injuries, get a doctor’s advice. If you are unsure whether you should move your child, make him or her warm and call an ambulance. Go to the Accident and Emergency department of your nearest hospital or to a local doctor, whichever is quickest. Not all hospitals have an Accident and Emergency department, so check in advance where your nearest one is. Your health visitor will be able to tell you. (See inside the back cover for how to get help in an emergency.) 117
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Birth five to This book gives you a
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Birth five to Your complete guide t
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1 The first weeks There’s somethi
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The first weeks SCREENING AT A GLAN
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The first weeks B REASTFEEDING Brea
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The first weeks 2 Be patient… Sta
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The first weeks Allow your baby to
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The first weeks USING BREAST PUMPS
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The first weeks STERILISING All the
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The first weeks Follow the manufact
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The first weeks S LEEPING Some babi
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The first weeks room is too hot.
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The first weeks If you’re finding
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The first weeks NAPPY RASH Most bab
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The first weeks WASHING AND BATHING
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The first weeks T WINS ( OR MORE) P
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YEARS MONTHS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 2
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How your child will grow • Walk o
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How your child will grow BRUSHING Y
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How your child will grow HEIGHT AND
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How your child will grow You should
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3 Learning and playing What we call
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Learning and playing I DEAS FOR PLA
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Learning and playing H OW TO MAKE S
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Learning and playing TRANSITION FRO
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Learning and playing MAKING CHILDCA
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4 Habits and behaviour There are so
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Habits and behaviour PROBLEMS WITH
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Habits and behaviour • By twelve
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Habits and behaviour A NEW BABY IN
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Habits and behaviour • Sometimes
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Habits and behaviour time he or she
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Habits and behaviour out to buy one
Page 67 and 68: 5 Feeding your child Food is one of
Page 69 and 70: Feeding your child - push the bowl
Page 71 and 72: Feeding your child ALLERGIES Babies
Page 73 and 74: sensible for adults, but not for ba
Page 75 and 76: Feeding your child • Squashes, fi
Page 77 and 78: Feeding your child FAMILY F OOD For
Page 79 and 80: Feeding your child ‘When you go s
Page 81 and 82: Feeding your child Types of vegetar
Page 83 and 84: Feeding your child • Fruit and ve
Page 85 and 86: Feeding your child F OOD SAFETY You
Page 87 and 88: Feeding your child • If your chil
Page 89 and 90: 6 Illness and accidents Every child
Page 91 and 92: Illness and accidents ● ● out-o
Page 93 and 94: Illness and accidents smoking or en
Page 95 and 96: Illness and accidents D IARRHOEA YO
Page 97 and 98: Illness and accidents ● ● ●
Page 99 and 100: Illness and accidents Alternative t
Page 101 and 102: Illness and accidents After these m
Page 103 and 104: Illness and accidents ILLNESS INFEC
Page 105 and 106: Illness and accidents practice nurs
Page 107 and 108: Illness and accidents swelling wher
Page 109 and 110: ecome a carrier and develop serious
Page 111 and 112: Illness and accidents ❑ ❑ ❑
Page 113 and 114: Illness and accidents ● ● ●
Page 115 and 116: Illness and accidents IF YOUR CHILD
Page 117: Illness and accidents at the knee a
Page 121 and 122: Illness and accidents W HEN A CHILD
Page 123 and 124: Your own life P HYSICAL PROBLEMS A
Page 125 and 126: Your own life visitor about other l
Page 127 and 128: Your own life Stress also comes fro
Page 129 and 130: Your own life • Share the housewo
Page 131 and 132: Your own life • Suggest a regular
Page 133 and 134: 8 Your services There is a wide ran
Page 135 and 136: Your services H OW TO CHANGE YOUR G
Page 137 and 138: make. The money cannot be taken out
Page 139 and 140: Your rights and benefits of childca
Page 141 and 142: Your rights and benefits child’s
Page 143 and 144: Your rights and benefits Anything e
Page 145 and 146: Your rights and benefits Who gets t
Page 147 and 148: Your rights and benefits HOUSING BE
Page 149 and 150: USEFUL ORGANISATIONS Some of these
Page 151 and 152: Council for Disabled Children 8 Wak
Page 153 and 154: INDEX A accidents 108-18 additives
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