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Feeding your child SOME IDEAS TO TRY IF YOUR CHILD WON’T DRINK MILK Milk • Porridge, hot oat cereal or cornmeal made with full-fat milk Breakfast cereals with milk • Vermicelli cooked in fullfat milk • Rice pudding, custard, bread-and-butter pudding • Dairy ice-cream made with milk Cheese • Macaroni cheese, cheese on toast, cheese on vegetables and bakes • Vegetable soup with grated cheese • pieces of fruit • Cottage cheese dips Chunks of cheese and Yoghurt and fromage frais • Add fruit (fresh, frozen or canned) raw, stewed or baked, to full-fat yoghurt or fromage frais Milk • Add yoghurt to curry 76 YOUR TODDLER’S DIET By the time your child is starting to stand up and take his/her first steps, he or she will be joining in family meals. They will also be more active and using more energy, and will need a varied, energy-rich diet for good health and growth. We all need energy (calories) and nutrients (protein, carbohydrate, fat, vitamins and minerals) to grow, for activity, and for the body to work properly and repair itself. Babies and children under two have small tummies and can’t eat large amounts of food all in one go, so they need small meals with healthy snacks in between. Like the rest of the family, your toddler needs to eat a variety of foods from the following five groups. By doing so, your child will almost certainly get all the nutrients he or she needs. • Milk and dairy foods – milk, cheese, yoghurt, fromage frais. • Bread, rice, potatoes, pasta and other starchy foods – bread, rice, pasta, maize, potatoes, breakfast cereals, etc. • Fruits and vegetables – all types of fruits and vegetables. • Meat, fish, eggs, beans and other non-dairy sources of protein – meat, fish, poultry, eggs, beans, lentils etc. • Foods and drinks high in fat and/or sugar e.g. fats, oils, biscuits, cakes, chocolate, puddings, crisps, sweets and icecream, can be given in limited amounts in addition to but not instead of those listed in the previous food groups. Foods containing sugar should be limited to mealtimes as they can damage teeth if eaten between meals. and dairy foods Milk is important for young children. Whole milk and full fat dairy products are a good source of vitamin A which helps the body to resist infections and is needed for healthy skin and eyes. After the age of one, children need less milk than they had as a baby. Give smaller drinks of milk in cups or beakers, not bottles. A minimum of 350ml of milk a day will provide energy for growth, and calcium for strong bones and teeth. You can continue breastfeeding after the age of one if you wish and fullfat cows’ milk can now take the place of infant formula and followon milk as your baby’s main drink. If your child doesn’t like drinking milk every day, give two to three servings of milk-based dishes, cheese, yoghurt or fromage frais daily, preferably after a main meal. Use full-fat milk and dairy products until your child is two. Children under two need the extra fat and vitamins in full-fat dairy products. Semi-skimmed milk can be introduced from two years of age, provided your child is a good eater and growing well. Skimmed milk is not suitable for children under five. Bread, rice, potatoes, pasta and other starchy foods Whether it is bread or breakfast cereals, potatoes or yams, rice or couscous, pasta or chappatis, most children don’t need much encouragement to eat foods from this group. Serve these at all meals and as occasional snacks.
Feeding your child ‘When you go shopping, your mind’s on anything but shopping. You can’t stop and think. You grab what you can and get out quick.’ FIBRE Wholegrain foods, such as wholemeal bread, pasta and brown rice, can be introduced gradually, so that by the time children are five they are used to a healthy adult diet. It’s not a good idea to give only wholegrain foods because they may fill your child up too quickly to get all the calories they need. Don’t add bran to cereals or use bran-enriched cereals as they can stop important minerals like calcium and iron being absorbed. Starchy foods with each meal will provide energy, various nutrients and some fibre. Let your child try different varieties of starchy foods. Starchy foods form an important part of anyone’s diet. But they can be very filling, so make sure small tummies have room for other foods too. Fruit and vegetables Fruit and vegetables contain lots of vitamins, minerals and fibre and they liven up meals with a variety of colours, textures and flavours. Try to introduce lots of different types from an early age, whether fresh, frozen, canned or dried. Try to ensure children have five portions each day of fruit and vegetables. Portion sizes are different for children under 5 years: 1 portion can be 1 tablespoon of cooked vegetables or 1 /2 of fruits such as apple, orange, pear, banana, or 1 kiwi or 1 plum. Try to include a wide variety of types and colours of fruit and vegetables. Different fruits and vegetables contain different vitamins and minerals, so the wider the range your toddler eats, the better. If you can, try to include some green vegetables (broccoli, cabbage), and some yellow or orange vegetables (swede, carrots, squash) and fruit SOME IDEAS TO TRY Tasty snacks • Breakfast cereals (not sugar-coated) Popcorn or breadsticks • Toast, bagels, scones or pancakes • Fingers of toasted white bread covered with cheese spread More substantial meals • Baked potatoes with baked beans and cheese • Pasta with vegetables, meat, fish or cheese sauces • Pitta bread filled with cream cheese, ham or fish • Couscous mixed with peas and flaked fish or cooked minced meat • Noodles or rice mixed with shredded omelette and vegetables • Chapattis with dhal. 77
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Birth five to This book gives you a
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Birth five to Your complete guide t
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1 The first weeks There’s somethi
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The first weeks SCREENING AT A GLAN
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The first weeks B REASTFEEDING Brea
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The first weeks 2 Be patient… Sta
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The first weeks Allow your baby to
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The first weeks USING BREAST PUMPS
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The first weeks STERILISING All the
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The first weeks Follow the manufact
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The first weeks S LEEPING Some babi
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The first weeks room is too hot.
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The first weeks If you’re finding
Page 27 and 28: The first weeks NAPPY RASH Most bab
Page 29 and 30: The first weeks WASHING AND BATHING
Page 31 and 32: The first weeks T WINS ( OR MORE) P
Page 33 and 34: YEARS MONTHS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 2
Page 35 and 36: How your child will grow • Walk o
Page 37 and 38: How your child will grow BRUSHING Y
Page 39 and 40: How your child will grow HEIGHT AND
Page 41 and 42: How your child will grow You should
Page 43 and 44: 3 Learning and playing What we call
Page 45 and 46: Learning and playing I DEAS FOR PLA
Page 47 and 48: Learning and playing H OW TO MAKE S
Page 49 and 50: Learning and playing TRANSITION FRO
Page 51 and 52: Learning and playing MAKING CHILDCA
Page 53 and 54: 4 Habits and behaviour There are so
Page 55 and 56: Habits and behaviour PROBLEMS WITH
Page 57 and 58: Habits and behaviour • By twelve
Page 59 and 60: Habits and behaviour A NEW BABY IN
Page 61 and 62: Habits and behaviour • Sometimes
Page 63 and 64: Habits and behaviour time he or she
Page 65 and 66: Habits and behaviour out to buy one
Page 67 and 68: 5 Feeding your child Food is one of
Page 69 and 70: Feeding your child - push the bowl
Page 71 and 72: Feeding your child ALLERGIES Babies
Page 73 and 74: sensible for adults, but not for ba
Page 75 and 76: Feeding your child • Squashes, fi
Page 77: Feeding your child FAMILY F OOD For
Page 81 and 82: Feeding your child Types of vegetar
Page 83 and 84: Feeding your child • Fruit and ve
Page 85 and 86: Feeding your child F OOD SAFETY You
Page 87 and 88: Feeding your child • If your chil
Page 89 and 90: 6 Illness and accidents Every child
Page 91 and 92: Illness and accidents ● ● out-o
Page 93 and 94: Illness and accidents smoking or en
Page 95 and 96: Illness and accidents D IARRHOEA YO
Page 97 and 98: Illness and accidents ● ● ●
Page 99 and 100: Illness and accidents Alternative t
Page 101 and 102: Illness and accidents After these m
Page 103 and 104: Illness and accidents ILLNESS INFEC
Page 105 and 106: Illness and accidents practice nurs
Page 107 and 108: Illness and accidents swelling wher
Page 109 and 110: ecome a carrier and develop serious
Page 111 and 112: Illness and accidents ❑ ❑ ❑
Page 113 and 114: Illness and accidents ● ● ●
Page 115 and 116: Illness and accidents IF YOUR CHILD
Page 117 and 118: Illness and accidents at the knee a
Page 119 and 120: Illness and accidents THINGS STUCK
Page 121 and 122: Illness and accidents W HEN A CHILD
Page 123 and 124: Your own life P HYSICAL PROBLEMS A
Page 125 and 126: Your own life visitor about other l
Page 127 and 128: Your own life Stress also comes fro
Page 129 and 130:
Your own life • Share the housewo
Page 131 and 132:
Your own life • Suggest a regular
Page 133 and 134:
8 Your services There is a wide ran
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Your services H OW TO CHANGE YOUR G
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make. The money cannot be taken out
Page 139 and 140:
Your rights and benefits of childca
Page 141 and 142:
Your rights and benefits child’s
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Your rights and benefits Anything e
Page 145 and 146:
Your rights and benefits Who gets t
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Your rights and benefits HOUSING BE
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USEFUL ORGANISATIONS Some of these
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Council for Disabled Children 8 Wak
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INDEX A accidents 108-18 additives
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