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Feeding your child 72 BOTTLE, BEAKER OR CUP? How you give drinks is important. A free-flow lidded beaker is better than a bottle with a teat. Drinks flow very slowly through a teat and drinking can take a long time. This means your child spends a lot of time with a teat in the mouth, which may delay speech development and damage teeth, especially if drinking a sweetened drink. Move on from a free-flow lidded beaker to drinking from a cup as soon as your child is ready. Non spill (valved) cups are not recommended as they encourage longer drinking times. Use free-flow lidded cups instead so that your baby learns to sip. If you give a bedtime drink in a bottle, make sure it is only water or milk and remember to clean teeth afterwards. D RINKS Not all drinks are suitable for babies and young children. <strong>Here</strong> is some advice about different types of drinks. • Breast milk is the ideal drink for babies in the first few months, and ideally up to their first birthday. You can go on breastfeeding as long as you want. • Infant formula is based on cow’s milk and is the only alternative to breast milk in the first 12 months of your baby’s life. Once your baby is six months old you can give follow-on milks, but this change is not necessary. • Hydrolysed protein infant formulas are recommended for babies who are allergic to cow’s milk. If you are planning to feed your baby a vegan (strict vegetarian) diet, discuss this with your health visitor and/or GP. Vegan diets are not recommended for young babies. • Whole cow’s milk is not suitable as a main drink until your baby is one year old as it doesn't contain sufficient iron and other nutrients to meet your baby’s needs. Semiskimmed milk is not suitable as a drink for children under two, but can be introduced from two years if the child is a good eater and has a varied diet. Skimmed milk is not suitable for children under five. • Goat’s and sheep’s milk are not suitable as drinks for babies under one year old as they do not contain sufficient iron and other nutrients to keep your baby healthy. Providing they are pasteurised, they can be used once a baby is one year old. • Soya-based infrant formula. Only use soya-based infant formulas on the advice of your GP. Babies who are allergic to cow’s milk may also be allergic to soya. • Water. Fully breastfed babies don’t need any water until after they have started eating solid food. Babies fed on formula milk may need some extra water in very hot weather. Take the water from the mains tap in the kitchen and boil and then cool it for babies under six months (it doesn’t need boiling once your baby is six months old). Bottled mineral waters have mineral contents unsuitable for babies. However, there are other bottled waters that are suitable for infant feeding and you might see ‘suitable for infant feeding’ on their labels. Remember that bottled water is not sterile, so, like tap water, make sure you boil and cool it if you need to give it to babies under six months old. • Citrus fruit juices, such as orange juice or grapefruit juice, are a good source of vitamin C, but also contain naturally present sugars which can cause tooth decay. They’re acidic too. Fruit juices should not be given before your baby is six months old. However, vitamin C helps to absorb any iron in a meal, and if your baby has a vegetarian diet you may be advised to give diluted fruit juice with your child’s meals after six months. Give very dilute juice (1 part fruit juice with 10 parts cooled, boiled water) in a feeding cup at mealtimes only.
Feeding your child • Squashes, fizzy drinks, flavoured milk and juice drinks. Filling up on too much of these drinks can result in a poor appetite, poor weight gain and, in toddlers, loose stools. They are all unsuitable for young babies and young children as they contain sugars and even if diluted can cause tooth decay, especially when given in a bottle. Most contain varying amounts of artificial sweeteners (even those not labelled as ‘diet’ or ‘no added sugar’, which may be more tooth friendly, but still encourage a sweet tooth). If you want to use squashes, flavoured milk and juice drinks, keep them for mealtimes in a feeder cup and make sure all juices are diluted well. Offer water and milk in between meals. Never give these drinks as a bedtime drink or put them in a bottle for your baby to hold, and try to keep drinking times short. Do not give fizzy drinks to toddlers – they are acidic and can damage tooth enamel. • Diet drinks and ‘no added sugar’ drinks, whether squashes or fizzy drinks, are not intended for babies or toddlers. They contain artificial sweeteners which may be more tooth friendly than other squashes, but they still encourage a sweet tooth. The artificial sweeteners saccharin and aspartame can be found in lots of these drinks and, if they are not diluted enough, your child could get more of these sweeteners than is recommended. If you do give concentrated drinks containing saccharin, dilute them well (more than you would for yourself) so your child doesn’t get too much of this sweetener (at least 1 part sweetened drink to 10 parts water). Many regular squashes (not labelled ‘no added sugar’) also contain artificial sweeteners. Look at the label to check. • Baby and herbal drinks contain sugars and their use is not recommended. • Tea and coffee are not suitable drinks for babies or young children. They reduce iron absorption when taken with meals and, if sugar is added, may contribute to tooth decay. • Use lidded free-flow cups rather than non-spill valved ones which extend drinking times. The teeth are bathed in the drink for longer. • Cut out bottles after your baby is one year old. Start encouraging your child to use a cup after six months. You may find it easier to use a jug with graduated measurements to mix infant formula for use in a cup. 73
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Birth five to This book gives you a
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Birth five to Your complete guide t
Page 5 and 6:
1 The first weeks There’s somethi
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The first weeks SCREENING AT A GLAN
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The first weeks B REASTFEEDING Brea
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The first weeks 2 Be patient… Sta
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The first weeks Allow your baby to
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The first weeks USING BREAST PUMPS
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The first weeks STERILISING All the
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The first weeks Follow the manufact
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The first weeks S LEEPING Some babi
Page 23 and 24: The first weeks room is too hot.
Page 25 and 26: The first weeks If you’re finding
Page 27 and 28: The first weeks NAPPY RASH Most bab
Page 29 and 30: The first weeks WASHING AND BATHING
Page 31 and 32: The first weeks T WINS ( OR MORE) P
Page 33 and 34: YEARS MONTHS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 2
Page 35 and 36: How your child will grow • Walk o
Page 37 and 38: How your child will grow BRUSHING Y
Page 39 and 40: How your child will grow HEIGHT AND
Page 41 and 42: How your child will grow You should
Page 43 and 44: 3 Learning and playing What we call
Page 45 and 46: Learning and playing I DEAS FOR PLA
Page 47 and 48: Learning and playing H OW TO MAKE S
Page 49 and 50: Learning and playing TRANSITION FRO
Page 51 and 52: Learning and playing MAKING CHILDCA
Page 53 and 54: 4 Habits and behaviour There are so
Page 55 and 56: Habits and behaviour PROBLEMS WITH
Page 57 and 58: Habits and behaviour • By twelve
Page 59 and 60: Habits and behaviour A NEW BABY IN
Page 61 and 62: Habits and behaviour • Sometimes
Page 63 and 64: Habits and behaviour time he or she
Page 65 and 66: Habits and behaviour out to buy one
Page 67 and 68: 5 Feeding your child Food is one of
Page 69 and 70: Feeding your child - push the bowl
Page 71 and 72: Feeding your child ALLERGIES Babies
Page 73: sensible for adults, but not for ba
Page 77 and 78: Feeding your child FAMILY F OOD For
Page 79 and 80: Feeding your child ‘When you go s
Page 81 and 82: Feeding your child Types of vegetar
Page 83 and 84: Feeding your child • Fruit and ve
Page 85 and 86: Feeding your child F OOD SAFETY You
Page 87 and 88: Feeding your child • If your chil
Page 89 and 90: 6 Illness and accidents Every child
Page 91 and 92: Illness and accidents ● ● out-o
Page 93 and 94: Illness and accidents smoking or en
Page 95 and 96: Illness and accidents D IARRHOEA YO
Page 97 and 98: Illness and accidents ● ● ●
Page 99 and 100: Illness and accidents Alternative t
Page 101 and 102: Illness and accidents After these m
Page 103 and 104: Illness and accidents ILLNESS INFEC
Page 105 and 106: Illness and accidents practice nurs
Page 107 and 108: Illness and accidents swelling wher
Page 109 and 110: ecome a carrier and develop serious
Page 111 and 112: Illness and accidents ❑ ❑ ❑
Page 113 and 114: Illness and accidents ● ● ●
Page 115 and 116: Illness and accidents IF YOUR CHILD
Page 117 and 118: Illness and accidents at the knee a
Page 119 and 120: Illness and accidents THINGS STUCK
Page 121 and 122: Illness and accidents W HEN A CHILD
Page 123 and 124: Your own life P HYSICAL PROBLEMS A
Page 125 and 126:
Your own life visitor about other l
Page 127 and 128:
Your own life Stress also comes fro
Page 129 and 130:
Your own life • Share the housewo
Page 131 and 132:
Your own life • Suggest a regular
Page 133 and 134:
8 Your services There is a wide ran
Page 135 and 136:
Your services H OW TO CHANGE YOUR G
Page 137 and 138:
make. The money cannot be taken out
Page 139 and 140:
Your rights and benefits of childca
Page 141 and 142:
Your rights and benefits child’s
Page 143 and 144:
Your rights and benefits Anything e
Page 145 and 146:
Your rights and benefits Who gets t
Page 147 and 148:
Your rights and benefits HOUSING BE
Page 149 and 150:
USEFUL ORGANISATIONS Some of these
Page 151 and 152:
Council for Disabled Children 8 Wak
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INDEX A accidents 108-18 additives
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