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How your child will grow LOOKING FOR SUGARS ON THE LABEL • 34 The following are sugars that can cause dental decay – sucrose, glucose, dextrose, maltose, fructose, hydrolysed starch. • Invert sugar or syrup, honey, raw sugar, brown sugar, cane sugar, muscavado and concentrated fruit juices are all sugars. • Fruit juices too contain sugars, which can cause decay. Always dilute these with a lot of water and keep to mealtimes. • Maltodextrin is not a sugar, but may cause decay. CARING FOR YOUR CHILD’S TEETH • Keep down the number of times each day that your child eats or drinks something sugary. • Acidic drinks such as fruit juices and squashes should only be offered with meals – not on their own. • Brush your child’s teeth thoroughly twice each day, using a small pea-sized amount of fluoride toothpaste or a tiny smear for babies; help an older child. Let your child see you brushing your teeth too. Cutting down on sugar Sugar causes tooth decay. It’s not just the amount of sugar in sweet food and drinks that matters but, perhaps more importantly, how often there are sugary things in the mouth. This is why sweet drinks in a bottle, feeder cup or lollipops are so bad. The teeth are bathed in sugar for quite a long time. • From the time you start your baby on foods and drinks other than milk, avoid giving sweet things. Try to encourage savoury tastes. Watch for the sugar in baby foods in tins and packets (even the savoury varieties), rusks and in baby drinks, especially fizzy drinks, squash and syrups. • Only give your child sweet foods and fruit juice at mealtimes to avoid tooth decay. Well-diluted fruit juice containing vitamin C and given in a cup with a meal can also help iron to be absorbed. Between meals, it is better to give milk or water as a drink. • Try to find treats other than biscuits or sweets, and ask relatives and friends to do the same. Use things like stickers, badges, hair slides, crayons, small books, notebooks and colouring books, soap and bubble baths. These may be more expensive than one small sweet, but they all last longer. • If children are given sweets or chocolate, it’s less harmful for their teeth if they eat them all at once and at the end of a meal than if they eat, say, a little every hour or so. • Children who eat sweets every day have nearly double the decay compared with children who eat sweets less often. • Be aware of the amount of sugar the whole family’s eating. Look for ways of cutting down. See page 80-1 for some suggestions. • Never give baby juices or sugar-sweetened drinks at bedtime or in a bottle, and keep drinking times short. Only milk or water should be given as a drink during the night. • Ask your pharmacist and doctor for sugar-free medicine for your child. • Try to avoid giving drinks containing artificial sweeteners, such as saccharin or aspartame. If you do, dilute with at least 10 parts water to 1 part concentrate.
How your child will grow BRUSHING YOUR CHILD’S TEETH • Start early, as soon as your baby’s teeth start to come through. Buy a baby toothbrush and use it with a tiny smear of fluoride toothpaste. Check with your dentist whether baby toothpaste has enough fluoride for your baby’s needs. Don’t worry if you don’t manage to brush much at first. The important thing at the start is to get teeth brushing accepted as part of the everyday routine. That’s why it’s important you do it too. INCISORS CANINES MOLARS • Gradually start to brush your child’s teeth more thoroughly, brushing all the surfaces of the teeth. Do it twice a day - just before bed, and whatever other time in the day fits in best. Not all children like having their teeth brushed, so you may have to work at it a bit. Try not to let it become a battle. If it becomes difficult, try games, or try brushing your own teeth at the same time and then helping your child to ‘finish off ’. • Go on helping your child to brush until you’re sure he or she is brushing well enough – at least until the age of seven. HOW TO BRUSH The best way to brush a baby’s teeth is to sit him or her on your knee with the head resting against your chest. Stand behind an older child and tilt his or her head upwards. Brush the teeth in small circles covering all the surfaces and let your child spit the toothpaste out afterwards. Rinsing with water has been found to reduce the benefit of fluoride. You can also clean your baby’s teeth by wrapping a piece of damp gauze with a tiny amount of fluoride toothpaste on it over your finger. TAKING YOUR CHILD TO THE DENTIST You can take your child to an NHS dentist as soon as your child has been born – even before any teeth come through. Your dentist can give advice on your child’s oral health. NHS dental treatment for children is free. Take your child with you when you go to the dentist, so that going to the dentist becomes a normal event. If you need to find a dentist, you can ask at your local clinic, contact your local Primary Care Trust – the address and telephone number will be in the phone book – or contact NHS Direct on 0845 4647 or in Northern Ireland, the Dental Branch of the Central Services <strong>Agency</strong> on 028 9032 4431. 35
Page 1 and 2: Birth five to This book gives you a
Page 3 and 4: Birth five to Your complete guide t
Page 5 and 6: 1 The first weeks There’s somethi
Page 7 and 8: The first weeks SCREENING AT A GLAN
Page 9 and 10: The first weeks B REASTFEEDING Brea
Page 11 and 12: The first weeks 2 Be patient… Sta
Page 13 and 14: The first weeks Allow your baby to
Page 15 and 16: The first weeks USING BREAST PUMPS
Page 17 and 18: The first weeks STERILISING All the
Page 19 and 20: The first weeks Follow the manufact
Page 21 and 22: The first weeks S LEEPING Some babi
Page 23 and 24: The first weeks room is too hot.
Page 25 and 26: The first weeks If you’re finding
Page 27 and 28: The first weeks NAPPY RASH Most bab
Page 29 and 30: The first weeks WASHING AND BATHING
Page 31 and 32: The first weeks T WINS ( OR MORE) P
Page 33 and 34: YEARS MONTHS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 2
Page 35: How your child will grow • Walk o
Page 39 and 40: How your child will grow HEIGHT AND
Page 41 and 42: How your child will grow You should
Page 43 and 44: 3 Learning and playing What we call
Page 45 and 46: Learning and playing I DEAS FOR PLA
Page 47 and 48: Learning and playing H OW TO MAKE S
Page 49 and 50: Learning and playing TRANSITION FRO
Page 51 and 52: Learning and playing MAKING CHILDCA
Page 53 and 54: 4 Habits and behaviour There are so
Page 55 and 56: Habits and behaviour PROBLEMS WITH
Page 57 and 58: Habits and behaviour • By twelve
Page 59 and 60: Habits and behaviour A NEW BABY IN
Page 61 and 62: Habits and behaviour • Sometimes
Page 63 and 64: Habits and behaviour time he or she
Page 65 and 66: Habits and behaviour out to buy one
Page 67 and 68: 5 Feeding your child Food is one of
Page 69 and 70: Feeding your child - push the bowl
Page 71 and 72: Feeding your child ALLERGIES Babies
Page 73 and 74: sensible for adults, but not for ba
Page 75 and 76: Feeding your child • Squashes, fi
Page 77 and 78: Feeding your child FAMILY F OOD For
Page 79 and 80: Feeding your child ‘When you go s
Page 81 and 82: Feeding your child Types of vegetar
Page 83 and 84: Feeding your child • Fruit and ve
Page 85 and 86: Feeding your child F OOD SAFETY You
Page 87 and 88:
Feeding your child • If your chil
Page 89 and 90:
6 Illness and accidents Every child
Page 91 and 92:
Illness and accidents ● ● out-o
Page 93 and 94:
Illness and accidents smoking or en
Page 95 and 96:
Illness and accidents D IARRHOEA YO
Page 97 and 98:
Illness and accidents ● ● ●
Page 99 and 100:
Illness and accidents Alternative t
Page 101 and 102:
Illness and accidents After these m
Page 103 and 104:
Illness and accidents ILLNESS INFEC
Page 105 and 106:
Illness and accidents practice nurs
Page 107 and 108:
Illness and accidents swelling wher
Page 109 and 110:
ecome a carrier and develop serious
Page 111 and 112:
Illness and accidents ❑ ❑ ❑
Page 113 and 114:
Illness and accidents ● ● ●
Page 115 and 116:
Illness and accidents IF YOUR CHILD
Page 117 and 118:
Illness and accidents at the knee a
Page 119 and 120:
Illness and accidents THINGS STUCK
Page 121 and 122:
Illness and accidents W HEN A CHILD
Page 123 and 124:
Your own life P HYSICAL PROBLEMS A
Page 125 and 126:
Your own life visitor about other l
Page 127 and 128:
Your own life Stress also comes fro
Page 129 and 130:
Your own life • Share the housewo
Page 131 and 132:
Your own life • Suggest a regular
Page 133 and 134:
8 Your services There is a wide ran
Page 135 and 136:
Your services H OW TO CHANGE YOUR G
Page 137 and 138:
make. The money cannot be taken out
Page 139 and 140:
Your rights and benefits of childca
Page 141 and 142:
Your rights and benefits child’s
Page 143 and 144:
Your rights and benefits Anything e
Page 145 and 146:
Your rights and benefits Who gets t
Page 147 and 148:
Your rights and benefits HOUSING BE
Page 149 and 150:
USEFUL ORGANISATIONS Some of these
Page 151 and 152:
Council for Disabled Children 8 Wak
Page 153 and 154:
INDEX A accidents 108-18 additives
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