RRFM 2009 Transactions - European Nuclear Society

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All described fuel elements were calculated separately because of their different irradiation history. The irradiation power of each FE at some specific location was calculated by relation given below [7]: Total Thermal Power P irr = x P f Number of FE Where total thermal power of TRIGA Vienna is 250 kW and P f is power factor .The values of P f are 1.0, 0.9, 0.8, 0.7, 0.6, 0.5 and 0.5 for A, B, C, D, E, F and G ring of the core respectively. 3 Results and Discussions The comparison of calculated and measured results has been given in table3 & figure 5. The reasons these deviations between have been discussed in this section one by one. FE number Burn up (MWh) Cal. Activity (Bq) Cs-37/cm Meas. Activity (Bq) Cs-137/cm Percent difference (%)) 2196 25,68 1.351E+09 1.362E+09 0.8200 2077 30,912 1.715E+09 1.597E+09 6.8790 2156 58,08 3.519E+09 3.600E+09 2.2979 2124 69,24 4.588E+09 4.440E+09 3.2127 Tab 3: Comparison between Calculated and measured results Fig 5: Comparison of ORIGEN2 calculations and gamma spectroscopic measurement First, the reactor has been operating since 1974 with mixed core, using three different types of fuel elements. Due to the mixed core composition, the accuracy of calculated burn-up varies significantly from element to element [1]. Second, the basis of the calculation (i.e. MWD) was taken from log books and because of long history of the fuel elements since 1962; some operational uncertainties in the log books may cause these variations in the accuracy. Third, the PWR libraries of ORIGEN2.2 have been used for this TRIGA fuel element model which have its own contribution in these deviations for example, it can also be seen in figure 5 that with increasing the burn up, difference between calculations and measurements increases showing that PWR library for TRIGA reactors is well valid in lower burn up regions. The spectrometric analysis provides the Cs-137 axial distribution for given fuel elements. As mentioned that Cs-137 production is proportional to BU therefore applying this axial distribution of Cs-137, the axial burn-up distribution of each measured TRIGA fuel element can be predicted with reasonable accuracy. 186 of 455 4
To estimate the axial relative bun up for each centimetre of the FE, the constant conversion factor has been calculated. In our case, this factor was different for each measured fuel elements. This conversion factor provides the relation between activity and BU for TRIGA fuel element. Both measured Cs-137 and implied (predicted) burn up axial distribution for FE: 2196 have been shown in the figure 6. Two slight peaks at the top and bottom end of each fuel meat indicate two axial graphite reflectors i.e. upper and lower reflector as shown in figure 1. Fig 6: The measured Cs-137 and implied axial burn up distribution of FE 2196 Conclusions ORIGEN2.2 software has been applied to TRIGA reactors for average fuel burn up using PWR library. Employing the Cs-137 axial distribution, the axial burn up of same fuel element has been predicted for each scanned segment of fuel element. The high resolution gamma spectroscopy technology that has been developed is versatile measuring method. It provides rapid information about several processes taking place in the fuel meat with the possibility of feedback to operators. References [1] M. Ravnik, M. Strebl, H. Böck and I. Mele “ Determination of the burn-up of TRIGA fuel element by calculation and reactivity experiments” Carl Hanser, München 1992. [2] Matsson and B. Grapengiessew “Developments in Gamma Scanning of Irradiated <strong>Nuclear</strong> Fuel” Pergamon journal 1997. [3] Monte Carlo Team, “MCNP – A General Monte Carlo N-Particle Transport Code, Version 5”, LA-UR-03-1987, Los Alamos National Laboratory, April 24, 2003. [4] S. Ludwig, “Revision to ORIGEN2 – Version 2.2,” Oak Ridge National Laboratory, May 23, 2002. [5] Tien-Ko Wanga, Jinn-Jer Peir “An iterative approach for TRIGA fuel burn-up determination using nondestructive gamma-ray spectrometry”, Applied Radiation and Isotopes 52 (2000) 105±118. [6] Log books of TRIGA Mark II, Vienna, Austria [7] A. Persic, M. Ravnik, S. Slavic, T.Zager “ TRIGLAV A Program package for Research Reactor Calculations”, IJS-DP 7862, ver. 1, March 2000. 187 of 455 5
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© 2009 European Nuclear Society Ru
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RESEARCH REACTOR COALITIONS - SECON
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- Eastern European Research Reactor
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ut a comprehensive alignment of tec
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EERRI will be launched. As noted ab
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Nuclear material in the form of hig
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The GTRI domestic radiological mate
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2. State of the art For fuel plate
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It is known since the early days of
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End of 2008 first DU-8wt.%Mo (deple
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References [1] D. AB. Robinson et a
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• CNEA have been working in the f
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O 75 Bignan.doc - DI - 1 / 10 20/02
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THE EAST EUROPEAN RESEARCH REACTOR
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namely Jozef Stefan Institute TRIGA
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Information and organizational issu
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Action Item Table 3. Description (t
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Table 6. Materials/fuel test experi
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In a recent development, it should
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1. Introduction: a renewed context
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interaction, close retention of fis
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3.3 Reference concept and alternati
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changes can be caused by void swell
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For its manufacturing, an additiona
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minor actinides (MA) considered as
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In France, the decision to build a
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eactors (HFR, OSIRIS and then JHR)
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DECOMMISSIONING PROGRESS OF THE DOU
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SECURITY OF SUPPLY FOR FISSION MEDI
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But the worst crisis developed by e
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IRE and COVIDEN are following close
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Fig 1. Design of the core and refle
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Table 3: Set of detailed fuel funct
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For the thermal-mechanical analysis
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Behaviour under conditions represen
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6. References [1] - MC. Anselmet, G
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2. Advanced nuclear fuel cycles The
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3.3 India In addition to the ration
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Session II Fuel Development 90 of 4
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1. Introduction Since 1957, date of
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A 3.1. Place a boron insert in a hi
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Finally, a new tool was defined and
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the end user (CEA), to define the f
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Previous papers discussed character
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(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i)
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The results of a third reported irr
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In order to reproduce the heat tran
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25 OXIDE THICKNESS 20 Kim et al pH=
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Heavy ion irradiation of UMo7/Al fu
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For the lowest flux values tested d
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127 I beam 127 I beam 0 5 10 15 20
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Weight fractions (%) U(α) UO 2 γU
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activities to meet the need. The co
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Heat capacity Information Thermal c
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Decision point Activity Phase 2: Fu
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IRIS PROGRAM: IRIS4 FIRST RESULTS F
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The main characteristics of the IRI
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4. In-pool plate thickness measurem
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At that stage of IRIS4 irradiation
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extrapolated thermal property value
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optical microscope, acoustic emissi
Page 136 and 137: CD WIRES AS BURNABLE POISON FOR THE
Page 138 and 139: Figure 1. MCNP geometry model of fu
Page 140 and 141: considered carefully: (i) maintain
Page 142 and 143: discussed and validated together, k
Page 144 and 145: The as-fabrication Si contents in t
Page 146 and 147: uniform Si diffusion and consequent
Page 148 and 149: Recently, fuel relocation induced b
Page 150 and 151: characteristics of ILs obtained in
Page 152 and 153: - Type 2 (Si content ≥ 5 wt%) : c
Page 154 and 155: 4. Discussion The main contribution
Page 156 and 157: METHODS OF INCREASING THE URANIUM C
Page 158 and 159: • strength properties of Zr-1% Nb
Page 160 and 161: 4. References 1. Birzhevoy G.A., Ka
Page 162 and 163: Dispersion fuel Monolithic fuel ATR
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Page 166 and 167: Session III Back-end 166 of 455
Page 168 and 169: Fig.1. The transfer hall (left in c
Page 170 and 171: The shipment included all the SNF f
Page 172 and 173: FRESH AND SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL REPATR
Page 174 and 175: modifications, spent fuel inspectio
Page 176 and 177: The shipment cleared Romanian Custo
Page 178 and 179: steel are chosen as effective gamma
Page 180 and 181: Fig 3. Long lived nuclides radioact
Page 182 and 183: Session IV Innovative Methods in Re
Page 184 and 185: Lower Gr-reflector Al-clad Upper Gr
Page 188 and 189: ANALYSIS OF NEW SAFETY CRITERIA FOR
Page 190 and 191: 3.2 Strain limit The value of 3.65%
Page 192 and 193: The comparison between clad tempera
Page 194 and 195: VALIDATION OF PLTEMP/ANL V3.6 CODE
Page 196 and 197: ΔT p 0.0234 2 ⎪⎧ q[W/cm ] ⎪
Page 198 and 199: Table II. Hot Channel Factors for B
Page 200 and 201: for the U-8Mo fuel meat [5]. The po
Page 202 and 203: correlation of Dittus-Boelter; the
Page 204 and 205: ROLE OF RELAP/SCDAPSIM IN RESEARCH
Page 212 and 213: SEVERE REACTIVITY INJECTION ACCIDEN
Page 214 and 215: expansion and steam formation were
Page 216 and 217: 3 Conclusion Since a few years, IRS
Page 218 and 219: analysis procedure (ENAA) except vi
Page 220 and 221: References Briesmeister, J.F., 2000
Page 222 and 223: Fig. 1 A geometric diagram of NIRR-
Page 224 and 225: Fuel plate temperatures during oper
Page 226 and 227: the primary circuit in the central
Page 228 and 229: Fig. 3: Surface temperature over th
Page 230 and 231: [4] “Test Irradiations of Full Si
Page 232 and 233: The core is made of 1488 stainless
Page 234 and 235: 4. Commissioning the facility for t
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ESTABLISHMENT OF A SINGLE-CRYSTAL F
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were provided to MU and INL for thi
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concrete covered with sheets of 1.2
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USE OF FISSION RADIATION IN LIFE SC
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Fig. 3. Scan of an etch track film
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Summary The unique fission neutron
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2. Methods 2.1 Reactor produced rad
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3.2 Viability studies The results o
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DESIGN OF A FLOWING-NAK EXPERIMENTA
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4. Containment rig and sample-holde
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7. Electrical heater The external h
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Page 1 / 7 EVITA: a semi-open loop
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Page 3 / 7 Fig.1: EVITA fuel Genera
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Page 5 / 7 Challenges When operatin
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Page 7 / 7 References: [1] M.C. Ans
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Nuclear Research Institutes, and so
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According to the latest IAEA inform
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18. May Training of operating perso
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2.1 Irradiation Facilities Brief te
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3.1 Detection limits Although it is
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PARTIAL DISMANTLING OF RESEARCH REA
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• Core - liable to full scale rep
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• Necessary individual dosimetry
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SILICON DOPING AT FRM II H. GERSTEN
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The resulting neutron flux density
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4. References [1] Wagner F.M., Knes
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The choice of fuel base and solutio
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3.3 Increasing power beyond current
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A COATING TO PROTECT SPENT ALUMINIU
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The treatment consisted of simple i
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5. Conclusions 1. Immersion of AA 1
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KEEPING AGING RESEARCH REACTORS IN
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inspected in presence of an expert
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After the inspection was finished,
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1 A STRATEGY FOR MANAGING AGEING CO
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3 2. With the aluminium-clad HEU fu
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5 The pool and the support structur
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Fig.2. Reflector element of JRR-4.
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Dimensional change (%) 0.6 0.5 0.4
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SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS FOR CORE MANA
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3 3. Core operation and monitoring
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5 temperature, etc.). Effective sec
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1436 keV, Cs 138 1369 keV, Na 24 2.
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compared with that of the delayed n
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AD-HOC AND PREVENTATIVE MAINTENANCE
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Page 3 of 7 3. SAFARI-1OPERATIONAL
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Page 5 of 7 programs for instrument
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Page 7 of 7 DATE DESCRIPTION DATE D
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MICROSTRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF MTR FUE
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In sample S3, similar zones could b
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increased temperature, the solid st
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Figure 8 BEI images covering Sample
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660 °C, but since in the former me
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support. Both Governments have eval
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• Removal of sludge from the SNF
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UPGRADED REACTOR SYSTEMS FOR ENHANC
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Parameter HEU LEU a 6.0x10 -5 (°K)
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From 1992 until 2005 the TRIGA-SSR
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Figure9 - Dependency between reacto
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URANIUM CONTAMINATION IN PRIMARY CI
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1.00E+06 1.00E+05 Volume activity (
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6. Acknowledgement This work was pe
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2. Steady State Thermal Hydraulic A
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in the scram, and the respective re
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CORROSION BEHAVIOR OF ALUMINIUM ALL
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3.2. Pitting corrosion of 1050 and
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4. Discussions This study shown tha
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The Steady State core was fully con
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0.E+00 2.E+06 1.40E+07 2.E+06 1.20E
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SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF G
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0 2 4 6 8 10 120 1,2 100 1,0 80 70
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Element, Wt %, At %, K‐Ratio, Z,
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U/cc, but the target uranium densit
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Fig. 5 Macroscopic cutting view (x
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SELF-ASSESSMENT OF APPLICATION OF T
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2. The Code of Conduct on the Safet
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For emergency preparedness, conside
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inside of a compaction die by blowi
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Fig. 4. A compacted and sintered lu
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THE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM EVOLUTION OF
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etween CRPq specific process and IP
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aspect audits, mainly in relation t
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F G H F
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MCNP5 is capable of calculating ter
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Similar to the case of stainless st
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LEU FUEL DISPOSITION AT WWR-M REACT
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Tested fuel assembles are load in t
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The PNPI experience of tests with W
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CURRENT UTILIZATION AND LONG TERM S
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Uusimaa hospital district decided t
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FiR 1 has an important regional rol
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STUDYING OF INFLUENCE OF A NEUTRON
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Definition of crystal structure and
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Microhardness measurement shows, th
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THE SPENT FUEL STORAGE AT THE DALAT
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2. Interim storage of spent fuel On
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A rotating bridge crane of 3.6-ton
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In order to investigate the perform
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(a) (b) Fig. 2. (a) low and (b) hig
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(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) Fig. 5. TEM
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Spot Al Si Mo U Zr G 90.6 7.8 0.6 0
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volume in the material, which affec
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THE STEREOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF GAS PO
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of the crack of pillowing). It show
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One gets the impression that during
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switch from a fast to a thermal spe
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He production to fission ratio vs t
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INSPECTION EXPERIENCE WITH IEA-R1 S
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camera system, received from IAEA i
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core in the beginning 2007 (IEA-174
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