Status of medicinal and aromatic plants in - Inia

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PRESENTED PAPERS 133 In situ conservation Legislation on MAP protection and conservation in F.R.Y. is directly connected with environmental protection in general. In this sense, the work on the ratification and implementation of different IUCN, CITES and UNESCO international conventions (Agenda 21, Rio Declaration, United Nations 1992; European Community Environment Legislation 1992; Bern Convention 1982; Council Regulation No 338/97, 1996; etc.) was of great importance. Since 1993, legislative means and laws at both federal and republic levels were implemented in the domain of MAP protection and exploitation, such as the Resolution of policy of environmental protection (1993), Resolution of policy of biodiversity maintenance (1994), Law of environment protection (1993), Law of protection of organisms rare in the nature (1993) and Direction of control, utilization and turnover of wild plant and animal species (1993, 1996, 1999). All rare species (including MAPs) were categorized into the IUCN groups (EX = extinct, EW = extinct in the wild, CR = critically endangered, VU = vulnerable, etc.). Some important endangered and vulnerable MAPs of the Yugoslav flora are: Drosera rotundifolia L., Gentiana punctata L., Gentiana lutea L., Prunus laurocerasus L., Acer heldreichii Boiss., Pinus mugo Turr., Acorus calamus L., Adonis vernalis L., Helichrysum arenarium DC., Lycopodium clavatum L., Menyanthes trifoliata L., Orchis militaris L., Ruta graveolens L. and Veratrum album L. The collecting of species listed in the Red Book is strictly forbidden (Box 1). The Direction of control, utilization and turnover of wild plant and animal species also lists precisely the quantities of certain species whose collection is allowed (together with proposed collecting methods), as well as the list of species whose collecting is forbidden (not only species from the Red Data Book, but also other endangered and vulnerable MAPs). After adoption of the Direction of natural rarities protection, 17.7% of the species of the total Yugoslavian flora is under state control. Currently 10 big national parks of Yugoslavia cover the main zones of western Serbia and almost all zones in Montenegro, whereas eastern Serbia and the Mediterranean part of Montenegro are still not sufficiently protected. Among various activities that have to be undertaken urgently regarding nature protection, MAPs included, the following will be stressed: - Implementation of the international conventions and partition of responsibility - Identification of biodiversity components (natural goods of extraordinary significance for F.R.Y.) - Monitoring - Information systems - Sustainable utilization of natural resources - Conditions of access to MAP genetic resources (export, import, trade) - Information exchange - Prevention of massive exploitation through cultivation of endangered MAPs.
134 WORKING GROUP ON MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS: FIRST MEETING Box 1. MAPs from the Red Data Book of Serbia 1. EXTINCT TAXA 1.1 Globally extinct taxa - Althaea kragujevacensis Pančić - Althaea vranjensis Diklić 1.2 Extinct taxa from Serbia - Aconitum toxicum Reichenb. subsp. toxicum - Crocus banaticus Gaz - Iris aphylla L. - Salvia nutans L. 2. TAXA THOUGHT TO BE EXTINCT - Achillea ptarmica L. - Aconitum anthora L. - Phlomis pungens Willd. - Stachys serbica Pančić 3. CRITICALLY ENDANGERED TAXA 3.1. Globally critically endangered taxa - Achillea alexandri-regis Bornm.& Rudski - Artemisia pancicii (Janka) Ronniger subsp. pancicii - Crocus rujanensis Randjelović & D.A. - Gentiana pneumonanthe L. subsp. nopcsae T. Wraber - Nepeta rtanjensis Diklić & Milojević 3.2. Critically endangered taxa 3.2.1. Taxa with populations containing less than 50 mature individuals - Paeonia officinalis L. subsp. banatica Soo - Colchicum macedonicum Košanin - Primula auricula L. subsp. serratifolia 3.2.2. Taxa with populations containing between 50 and 250 mature individuals - Stachys milanii Pančić - Allium paczoskianum Tuzson - Cypripedium calceolus L. - Scopolia carniolica Jacq. 3.2.3. Taxa with populations containing over 250 mature individuals - Allium cyrilli Ten. - Betula pubescens Ehrh. subsp. carpatica Willd. - Glycyrrhiza glandulifera Waldst. &Kit. - Iris humilis Georgi - Sideritis scardica Griseb. - Swertia perennis L. - Achillea ochroleuca Ehrh. - Allium atroviolaceum Boiss. - Artemisia austriaca Jacq. - Helichrysum arenarium (L) Moench. subsp. arenarium - Primula halleri Honckeny - Helichrysum plicatum DC subsp. plicatum
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Status of medicinal and aromatic plants in - Inia

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