Status of medicinal and aromatic plants in - Inia

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PRESENTED PAPERS 47 Box 1. List of medicinal and aromatic plants of great importance collected in Hungary Medicinal plant drugs produced in natural ecosystems (collected species) Achilleae herba* Anserinae herba Apii herba Asarae herba cum radix Asperulae herba Bardanae radix* Betonicae folium, herba Betulae folium Bursae pastoris herba Calcatrippae flos, herba Cerefolii herba Chelidonii herba* Cichorii herba, radix Clematitis herba Coryli folium Crataegi fructus, summitas* Cynodon dactylon rhizome Cynosbati fructus* Echii herba Equiseti herba* Eupatorii herba Euphrasiae herba Fagopyri herba Farfarae flos, folium Filipendulae herba Fragariae folium Frangulae cortex Fraxini folium Fumariae herba Galegae herba Galeopsidis herba Galli herba Gei rhizome Glandes quercus testae pulvis Graminis rhizome Hederae herba Helianthemi herba Herniariae herba Juniperi fructus* Lamii albi flos, herba Lepidii herba Linariae herba Menthae aquaticae herba Mori folium Myrtilli folium, fructus Ononidis radix Papaveris rhoeas flos Plantaginis lanceolatae folium Plantaginis majoris folium Polygalae herba Polygoni herba Polygoni hydropiperis herba Populi gemma Primulae flos, folium, radix Pruni spinosae flos, fructus Pulmonariae folium Quercus cerris folium, lichen Rhei rhizome Robiniae flos Salicis cortex Sambuci flos*, fructus Sedi herba Serpylli herba Sideritidis herba Solidaginis herba* Sorbi aucupariae fructus Stellariae herba Taraxaci folium, herba, radix* Tiliae flos, folium* Tormentillae rhizome Urticae folium* Verbenae herba Veronicae herba Vincae herba Violae odoratae folium Violae tricoloris herba Virgae aureae solidaginis herba Visci stipes* Medicinal plant drugs produced in both natural and agrarian systems (collected and/or cultivated species) Absinthii herba Agrimoniae herba Althaeae flos, folium, radix Armoraciae radix Amygdalae dulcis farina Centauri herba Chamomillae flos* Cotinius folium Hyperici herba* Inulae radix Leonurii cardiacae herba Malvae silvestris flos, folium Marrubii herba Meliloti flos, herba Millefolii flos, herba Origani herba Saponariae albae Saponariae officinalis herba, radix Tanaceti flos, herba Verbasci flos * = about 10–500 tonnes collected per year
48 WORKING GROUP ON MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS: FIRST MEETING Regions of Hungary specialized in MAP collecting and/or cultivation The traditional regions of utilization of the indigenous flora and the main cultivation areas of MAPs are shown in Fig. 1. Reg 2 Reg.6b Reg.3 Reg.5 Reg.1 Reg.4 Reg.6a Reg.7 Fig. 1. Traditional regions for utilization of indigenous flora and main cultivation areas of medicinal and aromatic plants in Hungary: Reg. 1 = Great Plain and East Tisza river region Reg. 2 = North-central mountainous region of Hungary Reg. 3 = Balaton highland Reg. 4 = South Hungary Reg. 5 = Bakony and its surroundings Reg. 6a = Region suitable for "spring poppy" cultivation Reg. 6b = Northern part of Transdanubia suitable for "autumn poppy" cultivation Reg. 7 = Region of plant species which can be cultivated all over the country • Traditional regions of utilization of the indigenous flora The regional specialization in Hungary for utilization of the indigenous flora dates back to the beginnings of the 1920s. This specialization took place spontaneously in response to various biological, economical and social factors (Bernáth 1994). As a result of spontaneous specialization during the past 80-90 years, well-defined production areas have appeared, which have had a great influence on the effectiveness of the medicinal plant sector in the past and may also affect its future development. - Region 1 The natural occurrence of Matricaria recutita in Hungary is one of the model examples illustrating the regional specialization for utilization of species of the indigenous flora (Fig. 1). From a biological point of view, chamomile grown in saline habitats was regarded as high quality. This was first based on empirical observations and later confirmed by sophisticated chemical and pharmacological analysis. From a socioeconomical point of view the development of this region was promoted by the abundance of labour locally. According to the data of trading companies, as many as 15 000-20 000 people are involved in gathering chamomile flowers at harvest time, even today. Because of the short duration of the chamomile harvest and processing, the regional activity had to be complemented by utilization of other MAPs indigenous to the region (Juniperus communis, Achillea millefolium, Gypsophila paniculata, Crataegus spp., Rosa spp., etc.).
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ISBN 92-9043-633-6 Cover photos: co
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Status of medicinal and aromatic plants in - Inia

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