op 18 front pages-converted - The Watson Institute for International ...
op 18 front pages-converted - The Watson Institute for International ...
op 18 front pages-converted - The Watson Institute for International ...
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law, a charge to be examined later.<br />
In the final analysis, the contribution of the Security Council<br />
to an effective humanitarian response by the United Nations<br />
to the Yugoslav crisis should not be judged by the<br />
number of resolutions passed or the number of personnel<br />
deployed but rather by the impact of its decisions and coherence<br />
of its involvement. Viewed from a humanitarian standpoint—and<br />
there are other criteria by which its involvement<br />
may also be judged—the Security Council had much difficulty<br />
in defining its responsibilities, determining the advisability<br />
and appr<strong>op</strong>riate level of the military <strong>for</strong>ce, and accommodating<br />
the views of U.N. and other humanitarian institutions in its<br />
decision-making processes.<br />
In addition to the Security Council, the offices of the<br />
Secretary-General and the Departments of Political Affairs<br />
and Peace-keeping were preoccupied by the crisis. (<strong>The</strong> General<br />
Assembly passed a number of resolutions but was not a<br />
major player.) Two Secretaries-General helped chart the U.N.’s<br />
response. Be<strong>for</strong>e his departure from office at the end of 1991,<br />
Javier Pérez de Cuéllar appointed a Personal Envoy, Cyrus<br />
Vance, to explore the feasibility of deploying a U.N. peacekeeping<br />
<strong>for</strong>ce in Yugoslavia.<br />
Actual deployment of U.N. tro<strong>op</strong>s took place during the<br />
term of Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali. He was an<br />
outspoken critic of Eur<strong>op</strong>ean governments and the Security<br />
Council itself <strong>for</strong> lavishing dispr<strong>op</strong>ortionate attention on Yugoslavia<br />
in 1992 when Somalia was experiencing extreme<br />
starvation, a somewhat ironic criticism in light of subsequent<br />
devel<strong>op</strong>ments. He also chided the major powers <strong>for</strong> not including<br />
the U.N. more fully in their deliberations about the<br />
crisis in the <strong>for</strong>mer Yugoslavia.<br />
Reports by the two Secretaries-General, <strong>for</strong>mulated with<br />
the help of secretariat departments, shaped Security Council<br />
action. <strong>The</strong> Department of Peace-keeping Operations (DPK)<br />
was the point of contact between UNPROFOR and the U.N.<br />
secretariat, providing broad oversight of it and other U.N.<br />
peacekeeping <strong>op</strong>erations. <strong>The</strong> Department of Political Affairs<br />
(DPA) provided secretariat services, and a link to the U.N., <strong>for</strong><br />
ICFY described below.<br />
Working more closely with the U.N., the Eur<strong>op</strong>ean Com-<br />
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